Sending emails through PHP

Sending emails through PHP

• 1.
  PHP Sending Emails Krishnapriya April 21, 2011 C-DAC, Hyderabad
• 2.
  Sending Emails PHP mustbe configured correctly in the php.ini file with the details of how your system sends email. PHP makes use of mail() function to send an email Syntax: mail( to, subject, message, headers, parameters ); Parameter Description to Required. Specifies the receiver / receivers of the email subject Required. Specifies the subject of the email. message Required. Defines the message to be sent. Each line should be separated with a (n). headers Optional. Specifies additional headers, like From, Cc, and Bcc. The additional headers should be separated with a CRLF (rn) parameters Optional. Specifies an additional parameter to the sendmail program
• 3.
  Debugging and ErrorHandling General Programming Errors 1) Syntax errors 2)Runtime errors 3) Logical errors Syntactical errors are the most common and the easiest to fix. You'll see them if, for example, omit a semicolon. PHP will show an error, including the line PHP thinks it's on. This type of error stops the execution of the php script. Also, SQL errors are normally a matter of syntax. Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_VARIABLE in C:serverwwwfile_name.php on line 6
• 4.
  Runtime errors Run-time errorsinclude those things that don't stop a PHP script from executing but do stop the script from doing everything it was supposed to do. This occurs when, for example, it is called a function using the wrong number or types of parameters. Missing argument 1 for function_name(), called in C:serverwwwfile_name.php on line 6 and defined in C:serverwwwfile_name.php on line 5
• 5.
  Logical errors Logical errorsare actually the worst, because PHP won't necessarily report it to you. These are outand-out bugs: problems that aren't obvious and don't stop the execution of a script.
• 6.
  PHP Error Handling Thereare four type of errors are present in PHP 1-Notices : These are trivial, non-critical errors. that does not terminate script . Condition: Accessing a variable that not define 2-Warning : These are more serious errors Condition:attempting to include() a file which does not exist. 3-Fatal errors (Runtime errors) These are critical errors that terminate script and stop Condition:1- Calling a non-existent function 2-Missing semicolon 3-missing braces 4- Parse Error (Syntax errors) When we make mistake in PHP code like, missing semicolon or any unexpected symbol in code
• 7.
  PHP Error Handling(con’t) Following are the different error handling methods: 1. 2. 3. Simple "die()" statements Custom errors and error triggers Error reporting
• 8.
  Basic Error Handling:Using the die() function simple script that opens a text file <?php $file=fopen("welcome.txt","r"); ?> If the file doesnot exist youmight get an error like this: Warning: fopen(welcome.txt) [function.fopen]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:webfoldertest.php on line 2
• 9.
  To avoid thatthe user gets an error message like the one above, we test if the file exist before we try to access it: 9. <?php if(!file_exists("welcome.txt")) { die("File not found"); } else { $file=fopen("welcome.txt","r"); } 10. ?> 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. File not found
• 10.
  Creating a CustomError Handler Creating a custom error handler is quite simple. We simply create a special function that can be called when an error occurs in PHP. This function must be able to handle a minimum of two parameters (error level and error message) but can accept up to five parameters (optionally: file, line-number, and the error context):
• 11.
  Custom Error Handler Syntax:error_function(error_level,error_message, error_file,error_line,error_context) Parameter Description error_level Required.Specifies the error report level for the user-defined error. Must be a value number. See table below for possible error report levels error_message Required. Specifies the error message for the user-defined error error_file Optional. Specifies the filename in which the error occurred error_line Optional. Specifies the line number in which the error occurred error_context Optional. Specifies an array containing every variable, and their values, in use when the error occurred
• 12.
  Example 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. <?php //error handler function functioncustomError($errno, $errstr) { echo "<b>Error:</b> [$errno] $errstr"; } //set error handler set_error_handler("customError"); //trigger error echo($test); ?> Out put: Error: [8] Undefined variable: test
• 13.
  Trigger an Error Ina script where users can input data it is useful to trigger errors when an illegal input occurs. In PHP, this is done by the trigger_error() function. In this example an error occurs if the "test" variable is bigger than "1": 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. <?php Notice: Value must be 1 or below $test=2; in C:webfoldertest.php on line 6 if ($test>1) { trigger_error("Value must be 1 or below"); } ?>
• 14.
  Send an ErrorMessage by E-Mail 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. By using the error_log() function you can send error logs to a specified file or a remote destination. <?php //error handler function function customError($errno, $errstr) { echo "<b>Error:</b> [$errno] $errstr<br />"; echo "Webmaster has been notified"; error_log("Error: [$errno] $errstr",1, "someone@example.com","From: webmaster@example.com"); }
• 15.
  Generating an XMLDocument XML is a markup language that looks a lot like HTML. An XML document is plain text and contains tags delimited by < and >.There are two big differences between XML and HTML: XML doesn't define a specific set of tags you must use. HTML list that's not valid XML: <ul> <li>Braised Sea Cucumber <li>Baked Giblets with Salt <li>Abalone with Marrow and Duck Feet </ul> HTML list that is valid XML: <ul> <li>Braised Sea Cucumber</li> <li>Baked Giblets with Salt</li> <li>Abalone with Marrow and Duck Feet</li> </ul>
• 16.
  PHP XML DOM Thebuilt-in DOM parser makes it possible to process XML documents in PHP. What is DOM? The W3C DOM provides a standard set of objects for HTML and XML documents, and a standard interface for accessing and manipulating them. *Core DOM - defines a standard set of objects for any structured document * XML DOM - defines a standard set of objects for XML documents * HTML DOM - defines a standard set of objects for HTML documents
• 17.
  Parsing an XMLDocument To read and update - create and manipulate - an XML document, you will need an XML parser. There are two basic types of XML parsers: 1. Tree-based parser: This parser transforms an XML document into a tree structure. It analyzes the whole document, and provides access to the tree elements 2. Event-based parser: Views an XML document as a series of events. When a specific The DOM parser is an tree-based parser. To create a SimpleXML object from an XML document stored in a string, pass the string to simplexml_load_string( ). It returns a SimpleXML object.