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Python programming language beginners guide

Python language

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Python Library Function Pandas Numpy MatplotLib Pillow Lambda Turtle Data Frame Statically Tabulate Packages [ Modules ] Math Modules  Date  Time  Calendar  Import Modules
Pandas • Pandas is a Python library. • Pandas is used to analyze data. • Give Table Format • Install it using this command : pip install pandas • A Pandas Data Frame is a 2-dimensional data structure, like a 2-dimensional array, or a table with rows and columns. • Index Key : To Give Heading for Datas.
Pandas Series • import pandas as pd print(pd.__version__) • A Pandas Series is like a column in a table. • It is a one-dimensional array holding data of any type. • import pandas as pd a = [1, 7, 2] myvar = pd.Series(a) print(myvar)
Numpy • NumPy is a Python library. • NumPy is used for working with arrays. • Installation of NumPy: pip install numpy • import numpy arr = numpy.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) print(arr) Size Range Resize nDim concat
Tabulate • Module to print the data as Table Format with Grid. • We only have to specify the data, and the column names to the tabulate() function from this module, and it will do the rest. • from tabulate import tabulate Using Platform List Panda Numpy  Header Key : To Highlights the Heads.  Tablefmt Key : It will give grid lines between the data.  Showindex key : Serial Number will added [ Default Commands : True , False , Always ]. Compiler name : https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_python_online.php
Matplotlib • Matplotlib is a low level graph plotting library in python that serves as a visualization utility. • Install it using this command: pip install matplotlib • import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np xpoints = np.array([0, 6]) ypoints = np.array([0, 250]) A=np.array([0, 6]) ([0, 250]) plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints) plt.show()
lambda • SYNTAX : lambda arguments : expression Lambda functions can take any number of arguments Using in Function : Keys of Return the value of value assign Ex : x- Primary variable, a=sub x=lambda a : a+10 -------------------------------( Functionalities ) print(x(5)) Filter : Filter the data Map : Multiple of the data Pow : Power the Values
PILLOW • Pillow is used to Open , rotate , flip the images • Install it using this command: pip install pillow • Import PIL From Image A=Image.open(E:/user/image.jpg or jpeg) A.show() A.rotate(angle,expand=true) A.save("E:/teddy.jpg")-To save duplicates. A.size(“E:/teddy.jpg") transpose(PIL.Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)
Turtleis a Python feature like a drawing Objects Turtle comes into the turtle library. The turtle module can be used in both object- oriented and procedure-oriented ways. forward(length): moves the pen in the forward direction by x unit. backward(length): moves the pen in the backward direction by x unit. right(angle): rotate the pen in the clockwise direction by an angle x. left(angle): rotate the pen in the anticlockwise direction by an angle x. penup(): stop drawing of the turtle pen. pendown(): start drawing of the turtle pen. turtle.done () : Finish Draft import Turtle Screen Creation : A=turtle.Turtle()
Bgcolor(“Red “): Screen Color Speed (50) : Pen Speed from 1 to 10 enforce increasingly faster animation of line drawing and turtle turning. Color(“red”): Pencolor(“red”,”Green”): Outline and Fill color of the Anchor Fillcolor(“Red”): Filling(“Red”): Clear() : Clear the Screen
Statistical Module :Data Frame • Syntax : from statistics import median • Median or Mean [% -Key ] • It is the middle value of the data set. It splits the data into two halves. median() function is used to calculate the median, i.e middle element of data. If the passed argument is empty, StatisticsError is raised.
Packages  Import Modules  Math Modules  Date  Time  Calendar  Import Modules
IMPORT FROM MODULE: • Import only the required part of module. • By using "from" Keyword. • Access the definitions inside the module with the help of dot operator. Ex: • No = {1,2,3,4,5,6} import modules S=m.No print(S)
Renaming an module: • You can rename the module name with the help of as keyword. Ex: import module1 as m1 a=m1.person["age"] print(a)
Math Module: • It is an built-in module . • Which extends the list of mathematical functions. import math • math.ceil() - rounds a number upwards to its nearest integer • math.floor() - rounds a number downwards to its nearest integer • Math.fabs () - ExactValue • math.pi - returns the value of PI (3.14...) • abs()- it returns absolute positive value • pow(x, y) – it returns the value of x to the power of y (xy ).
Calendar Module: Python has an built-in module named Calendar that contains useful classes and functions to support a variety of calendar operations. import calendar calendar.month(yyyy, m, w, l) The arguments passed to this function are the year (yyyy), month (m), date column width (w), and the number of lines per week (l), respectively. Ex : print ("Calendar of March 2022 is:") print (calendar.month(2022, 3, 2, 1))
Calendar Module: Range : print (calendar.monthrange(2022,1)) Year Calendar : print (calendar.calendar(2022))
Date Module: • A date in Python is not a data type of its own. • But we can import a module named “datetime”. • It displays the current date. import datetime Creating Date Objects • To create a date, we can use the datetime() class (constructor) of the datetime module. • It requires three parameters to create a date: year, month, day. Ex: import datetime x = datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 17) print(x)
time Module: • Python has a module named time to handle time-related tasks. • The time() function returns the number of seconds passed since epoch. • For Unix system, January 1, 1970, import time Time : Hour, minute, second and microsecond from datetime import time a = time(11, 34, 56) print("hour =", a.hour) print("minute =", a.minute) print("second =", a.second) print("microsecond =", a.microsecond)
time.sleep() • The sleep() function suspends (delays) execution of the current thread for the given number of seconds. Ex: import time print("This is printed immediately.") time.sleep(2.4) print("This is printed after 2.4 seconds.")
datetime.timedelta • A timedelta object represents the difference between two dates or times. Ex: from datetime import datetime, date t1 = date(year = 2018, month = 7, day = 12) t2 = date(year = 2017, month = 12, day = 23) t3 = t1 - t2 print("t3 =", t3)
Keywords • %a - Weekday, short version • %A - Weekday, full version • %w - Weekday as a number 0-6, 0 is Sunday • %d - Day of month 01-31 • %b - Month name, short version • %B - Month name, full version • %m - Month as a number 01-12 • %y - Year, short version, without century • %Y - Year, full version
• %H - Hour 00-23 • %I - Hour 00-12 • %p - AM/PM • %M - Minute 00-59 • %S - Second 00-59 • %f - Microsecond 000000-999999 • %z - UTC offset(+0100) • %Z - Timezone • %j - Day number of year 001-366
• %U - Week number of year, Sunday as the first day of week, 00-53 • %W - Week number of year, Monday as the first day of week, 00-53 • %c - Local version of date and time • %x - Local version of date • %X - Local version of time • %% - A % character(%) • %G - ISO 8601 year(2021) • %u - ISO 8601 weekday (1-7) • %V - ISO 8601 weeknumber (01-53)