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Learning Git and GitHub - BIT GDSC.pdf

Git is a version control system that allows developers to track changes to code. It records changes to files, who made the changes, when changes were made, and allows developers to choose different versions of code. GitHub is a platform that hosts Git repositories and adds additional features like collaboration tools and access control. The document provides steps to configure Git, create a GitHub repository, clone the repository locally, make and commit changes, and push changes back to the remote repository.

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Learning Git and GitHub GDSC -Bharat Institute of Technology, Meerut
Before knowing about Git & GitHub we need to know about an important concept called "VERSION CONTROL SYSTEM (VCS)"
What is VCS? ● Version Control System is also known as Source Software Code Management (SCM) System. ● They are a category of software tools that helps in recording changes made to files by keeping a track of modifications done to the code.
Benefits of VCS ● We can maintain different versions and we can choose any version based on requirement. ● With every version/commit we can maintain metadata like ○ commit message ○ who did changes ○ when he did the change ○ what changes he did
Benefits of VCS (cont..) ● Developers can share the code to the peer developers in very easy way. ● Multiple developers can work in collaborative way. ● Parallel development. ● We can provide access control like ○ who can read code ○ who can modify code
Type of VCS There are two VCS: 1. Centralized VCS 2. Distributed VCS
What is Git? Git is a free and open source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency. Git is developed by Linus Torvalds (Finnish software engineer), who also developed Linux Kernel. Most of the companies like Microsoft, Facebook, Yahoo, LinkedIn, Intel using Git as Version Control System Tool.
Configuring Git ● First, if you are Windows user then download Git Bash from https://git-scm.com/downloads. Linux and MacOS comes with Git by default. ● Configure the username and email: ○ git config --global user.name "USERNAME" ○ git config --global user.email "EMAIL ADDRESS" ● Check configuration: ○ git config -l
Git architecture
What is GitHub? GitHub is a code hosting platform for version control and collaboration. It lets you and others work together on projects from anywhere. GitHub is a Git repository hosting service, but it adds many of its own features. While Git is a command line tool, GitHub provides a Web-based graphical interface. It also provides access control and several collaboration features, such as a wikis and basic task management tools for every project.
Let’s start ● Create account from https://github.com/signup ● Create a repository on GitHub ● Create a personal token from settings -> Developer settings -> Personal access tokens (https://github.com/settings/tokens)
Download the repo To download the repo in your local system, you have to clone the repo. $ git clone https://github.com/USERNAME/REPO.git
Creating changes Make changes in the files $ git add FILENAME $ git status $ git commit -m “COMMIT MESSAGE”
Uploading change to repo To upload the changes on the remote repository $ git push -u main Or $ git push
Other Git commands ● git init - Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one ● git diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc ● git log - Show commit log ● git status - Show status of working tree ● git pull - Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
Thank You!