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El presente progresivo

This document provides information about forming and using the present progressive (gerund) in Spanish. It explains that in Spanish, the present progressive is only used when the action is currently in progress, unlike in English where it is used more freely. It gives examples of when to use the present or progressive form in Spanish. It then outlines how to form the present progressive by using a form of "to be" plus the gerund (present participle ending in "-ing") of the main verb. It provides rules for forming the gerund of different types of verbs, including stem-changing and orthographic changing verbs.

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EL PRESENTE PROGRESIVO
IN ENGLISH  We use the present progressive all the time.  I am going to the movies tonight.  I am spending the weekend in my pajamas.  She is studying Spanish this year.  They are being ridiculous.
IN SPANISH  We only use the present progressive if the action is currently in progress  I am going to the movies. (as in I’m on my way)  She is studying Spanish. (as in her textbook is out)  They are being ridiculous. (right now)
WOULD YOU USE “PROGRESSIVE” OR “PRESENT?”  I am going to India next spring.  I am making macaroni and cheese for dinner tonight.  Ana is working now.  The boys are playing outside.  Jorge is playing the saxophone.
HOW TO FORM THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE  Just like in English, start with a form of “to be”  I am studying  You are reading  Use ESTARESTOY ESTAMOS ESTÁS ESTÁIS ESTÁ ESTÁN
ADD THE GERUND (PRESENT PARTICIPLE/-ING FORM)  AR VERBS:  START WITH THE INFINITIVE  HABLAR  DROP –AR  HABLAR  ADD –ANDO  HABLANDO  ESTOY HABLANDO  I AM SPEAKING
ADD THE GERUND (PRESENT PARTICIPLE/-ING FORM)  ER VERBS:  START WITH THE INFINITIVE  COMER  DROP –ER  COMER  ADD –IENDO  COMIENDO  ESTOY COMIENDO  I AM EATING
ADD THE GERUND (PRESENT PARTICIPLE/-ING FORM)  IR VERBS:  START WITH THE INFINITIVE  ESCRIBIR  DROP –IR  ESCRIBIR  ADD –IENDO  ESCRIBIENDO  ESTOY ESCRIBIENDO  I AM WRITING
STEM CHANGERS  IR verbs that stem change (same ones from preterit) will change in the gerund  ONLY E I or O U
EXAMPLES SERVIR SIRVIENDO PEDIR PIDIENDO DECIR DICIENDO DORMIR DURMIENDO MORIR MURIENDO *PODER PUDIENDO
ORTHOGRAPHIC CHANGES  Some verbs must change so we can pronounce them easily  This change is I Y  Many of these are the same verbs that changed in preterit
EXAMPLES CAER CAYENDO CREER CREYENDO LEER LEYENDO OÍR OYENDO *IR YENDO DESTRUIR DESTRUYENDO
 ONLY USE THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE IF THE ACTION IS IN PROGRESS!!!