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Current trends in DBMS

Current trends in database management systems include multimedia databases that store various media formats along with descriptive metadata, distributed databases that allow data to be shared across networked sites, document-oriented databases where records can have varying formats and fields rather than fixed tables, and mobile and embedded databases increasingly used in devices and sensors to configure settings and store operational data. These trends reflect demands for managing diverse data types, enabling data sharing, flexible document structures, and data capture in everyday objects.

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Current trends in database
DefinitionData base management system is a system in which “related data”is stored in an “efficient” and “compact” manner. “Efficient”=data which is stored in the DBMS is accessed in very quick time “compact”=means that the data which is stored in DBMS covers very little space in the computer‘s memory “related data“=the data which is stored in the DBMS is about some particular topic.
A DBMS is a set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database.
The DBMS accepts requests for data from an application program and instructs the operating system to transfer the appropriate data.
In large systems, a DBMS allows users and other software to store and retrieve data in a structured way.
Many DBMS packages provide Fourth-generation programming language (4GLs) and other application development features.Database ServersDatabase servers are computers that hold the actual databases and run only the DBMS and related software. Database servers are usually multiprocessor computers, with generous memory and RAID disk arrays used for stable storage.
History of DBMS1960 – First DBMS by Charles Bachman at GEIBMs Information Management System (IMS)1970 – E.F Codd introduced the RDBMS
1980 – Relational model became popular and accepted as the main database paradigm. SQL, ANSI SQL, etc.
1980 to 1990 – New data models like ODBMS, ORDBMS powerful query languages, etc. Popular vendors are Oracle, SQL Server, IBM DB2, Informix, etc.Why changing trends???Difficulties with RDBMS storage and usage
Demand for data in forms other than just text
Adoption of e-Business causes rise in online DBMS capacity demand.
Growth in e-commerce and enterprise portals….Creates market for open source DBMS.Demand for access through mobile devices….Mobile database suites
What are the current trends ??Multimedia Databases
Distributed Database
Document-oriented Databases
Mobile & embedded DatabasesMultimedia Databases Multimedia data typically means digital images audiovideoanimation and graphics The acquisition, generation, storage and processing of multimedia data in computers and transmission over networks have grown tremendously in the recent past.
Multimedia DatabasesContents of MMDB Media data - actual data representing images, audio, video that are captured, digitized, processed, compressed and stored. Media format data - Contains information pertaining to the format of the media data after it goes through the acquisition, processing, and encoding phases. E.g. sampling rate, resolution, frame rate, encoding scheme etc.
Multimedia DatabasesContents of MMDB 3. Media keyword data (content descriptive data ) Contains keyword descriptions, relating to the generation of the media data. E.g., for a video, includes the date, time, place of recording , person who recorded, scene that is recorded etc.
Multimedia DatabasesContents of MMDB Media feature data(content dependent data) - Contains the features derived from the media data. A feature characterizes the media contents. E.g., info about the distribution of colors, the kinds of textures and the different shapes present in an image.
Multimedia DatabasesQuerying parametersThe media keyword data and media feature data are used as indices for searching purpose. The media format data is used to present the retrieved information.
Multimedia Databases
Multimedia DatabasesSome Examples Multimedia Search Engine Multimedia.Lycos.com
Search Engine for Sounds Findsounds.com
Image Search Google.com e.g. filter image by color
Multimedia DatabasesApplications of Multimedia DatabaseStreaming dataInteractive videoDigital LibrariesImage retrieval
Multimedia Databases1. Streaming dataData stream
Data streaming
Used generally in Electronics Telecommunications Computer architecture. they require bandwidth, time dependent, no time lag Source and sink Multimedia Databases1. Streaming Datamodes of transmission asynchronous, synchronous, isochronous characteristicstimestrongly periodic, weakly periodic, aperiodicvar. of consecutive packet amountstrongly regular, weekly regular, irregularcontinuityconnected data streams, unconnected data streams
Multimedia Databases2. Interactive videoThe term interactive video usually refers to a technique used to blend interaction and linear film or video.Example
Multimedia DatabasesInteractive video inAdded text with video
Multimedia Databases3. Digital LibrariesCollections are stored in digital formats (not as print, or other media)The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks.
A digital library is a type of information retrieval system.Example