Chapter two Cloud Computing-Updated.pptx

Chapter two Cloud Computing-Updated.pptx

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  CLOUD COMPUTING-COMP- 452
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  CHAPTER 02: Fundamental Concepts& Models.
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  Contents • Roles andBoundaries • Cloud Characteristics • Cloud Delivery Models • Infrastructure-as-a-Service [IaaS] • Platform-as-a-Service [PaaS] • Software-as-a-Service [SaaS] • Cloud Deployment Models • Public Clouds • Community Clouds • Private Clouds • Hybrid Clouds
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Cloud Provider • The organization that provides cloud-based IT resources is the cloud provider. • cloud provider is an organization responsible for making cloud services available to cloud consumers, as per agreed upon SLA (Service Level Agreement) guarantees. • The cloud provider is further tasked with any required management and administrative duties to ensure the on-going operation of the overall cloud infrastructure. • Cloud providers normally own the IT resources that are made available for lease by cloud consumers. • However, some cloud providers also “resell” IT resources leased from other cloud providers.
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Cloud Consumer • A cloud consumer is an organization (or a human) that has a formal contract or arrangement with a cloud provider to use IT resources made available by the cloud provider. • Specifically, the cloud consumer uses a cloud service consumer to access a cloud service
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Cloud Service Owner • The person or organization that legally owns a cloud service is called a cloud service owner. The cloud service owner can be the cloud consumer, or the cloud provider that owns the cloud within which the cloud service resides. • For example, either the cloud consumer of Cloud X or the cloud provider of Cloud X could own Cloud Service A
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Cloud Resource Administrator • A cloud resource administrator is the person or organization responsible for administering a cloud-based IT resource (including cloud services). • The cloud resource administrator can be (or belong to) the cloud consumer or cloud provider of the cloud within which the cloud service resides. • Alternatively, it can be (or belong to) a third-party organization contracted to administer the cloud-based IT resource.
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  Roles and Boundaries:
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Additional Roles • Cloud Auditor – A third-party (often accredited) that conducts independent assessments of cloud environments assumes the role of the cloud auditor. The typical responsibilities associated with this role include the evaluation of security controls, privacy impacts, and performance. • Cloud Broker – This role is assumed by a party that assumes the responsibility of managing and negotiating the usage of cloud services between cloud consumers and cloud providers. • Cloud Carrier – The party responsible for providing the wire-level connectivity between cloud consumers and cloud providers assumes the role of the cloud carrier. This role is often assumed by network and telecommunication providers.
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Organizational Boundary • An organizational boundary represents the physical perimeter that surrounds a set of IT resources that are owned and governed by an organization. • The organizational boundary does not represent the boundary of an actual organization, only an organizational set of IT assets and IT resources
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  Roles and Boundaries: • Trust Boundary • A trust boundary is a logical perimeter that typically spans(extends) beyond physical boundaries to represent the extent to which IT resources are trusted. • The trust boundary is most frequently associated with the trust issued by the organization acting as the cloud consumer.
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  Cloud Characteristics • AnIT environment requires a specific set of characteristics to enable the remote provisioning of scalable and measured IT resources in an effective manner. • The following six specific characteristics are common to the majority of cloud environments: • On-demand usage • Ubiquitous access • Multitenancy (and resource pooling) • Elasticity • Measured usage • Resiliency
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  Cloud Characteristics • On-DemandUsage: A cloud consumer can unilaterally access cloud-based IT resources giving the cloud consumer the freedom to self-provision these IT resources. • Once configured, usage of the self-provisioned IT resources can be automated, requiring no further human involvement by the cloud consumer or cloud provider. This results in an “on-demand usage environment”, also known as “on-demand self-service usage”. • Ubiquitous Access: Ubiquitous access represents the ability for a cloud service to be widely accessible. • Multitenancy (and Resource Pooling): The characteristic of a software program that enables an instance of the program to serve different consumers (tenants) whereby each is isolated from the other, is referred to as multitenancy. • Through the use of multitenancy technology, IT resources can be dynamically assigned and reassigned, according to cloud service consumer demands. • Resource pooling allows cloud providers to pool large-scale IT resources to serve multiple cloud consumers. Examples : Microsoft Office 365, Google
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  Cloud Characteristics • Elasticity:Elasticity is the automated ability of a cloud to transparently scale IT resources, as required in response to runtime conditions or as pre-determined by the cloud consumer or cloud provider. Cloud providers with vast IT resources can offer the greatest range of elasticity. • Measured Usage: The measured usage characteristic represents the ability of a cloud platform to keep track of the usage of its IT resources, primarily by cloud consumers. • Based on what is measured, the cloud provider can charge a cloud consumer only for the IT resources actually used and/or for the timeframe during which access to the IT resources was granted.
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  Cloud Characteristics • Italso encompasses the general monitoring of IT resources and related usage reporting (for both cloud provider and cloud consumers). Therefore, measured usage is also relevant to clouds that do not charge for usage. • Resiliency: Resilient computing is a form of failover that distributes redundant implementations of IT resources across physical locations. • IT resources can be pre-configured so that if one becomes deficient, processing is automatically handed over to another redundant implementation. • The characteristic of resiliency can refer to redundant IT resources within the same cloud (but in different physical locations) or across multiple clouds.
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  Resilient system • Aresilient system in which Cloud B hosts a redundant implementation of Cloud Service A to provide failover in case Cloud Service A on Cloud A becomes unavailable.
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  Cloud Delivery Models •A cloud delivery model represents a specific, pre-packaged combination of IT resources offered by a cloud provider. Three common cloud delivery models have become widely established and formalized: • Infrastructure-as-a-Service [IaaS] • Platform-as-a-Service [PaaS] • Software-as-a-Service [SaaS]
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  Cloud Delivery Models •Many specialized variations of the three base cloud delivery models have emerged, each comprised of a distinct combination of IT resources. Some examples include: • Storage-as-a-Service • Database-as-a-Service • Security-as-a-Service • Communication-as-a-Service • Integration-as-a-Service • Testing-as-a-Service • Process-as-a-Service • Note also that a cloud delivery model can be referred to as a cloud service
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  Infrastructure-as-a-Service [IaaS] • TheIaaS delivery model represents a self-contained IT environment comprised of infrastructure-centric IT resources that can be accessed and managed via cloud service-based interfaces and tools. • This environment can include hardware, network, connectivity, operating systems, and other “raw” IT resources. • The general purpose of an IaaS environment is to provide cloud consumers with a high level of control and responsibility over its configuration and utilization. • IT resources available through IaaS environments are generally offered as freshly initialized virtual instances. • A central and primary IT resource within a typical IaaS environment is the virtual server. Virtual servers are leased by specifying server hardware requirements, such as processor capacity, memory, and local storage
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  Infrastructure-as-a-Service [IaaS] A cloudconsumer is using a virtual server within an IaaS environment. Cloud consumers are provided with a range of contractual guarantees by the cloud provider, pertaining to characteristics such as capacity, performance, and availability.
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  Platform-as-a-Service [PaaS] • ThePaaS delivery model represents a pre-defined “ready-to-use” environment typically comprised of already deployed and configured IT resources. • Specifically, PaaS relies on (and is primarily defined by) the usage of a ready- made environment that establishes a set of pre-packaged products and tools used to support the entire delivery lifecycle of custom applications. • Common reasons a cloud consumer would use and invest in a PaaS environment include: • The cloud consumer wants to extend on-premise environments into the cloud for scalability and economic purposes. • The cloud consumer uses the ready-made environment to entirely substitute an on-premise environment. • The cloud consumer wants to become a cloud provider and deploys its own cloud services to be made available to other external cloud consumers. • The cloud consumer is granted a lower level of control over the underlying IT resources that host and provision the platform.
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  Platform-as-a-Service [PaaS] • Byworking within a ready-made platform, the cloud consumer is spared the administrative burden of setting up and maintaining the bare infrastructure IT resources provided via the IaaS model. • Conversely, the cloud consumer is granted a lower level of control over the underlying IT resources that host and provision the platform A cloud consumer is accessing a ready-made PaaS environment. The question mark indicates that the cloud consumer is intentionally shielded from the implementation details of the platform.
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  Software-as-a-Service [SaaS] • Asoftware program positioned as a shared cloud service and made available as a “product” or generic utility represents the typical profile of a SaaS offering. • The SaaS delivery model is typically used to make a reusable cloud service widely available (often commercially) to a range of cloud consumers. • An entire marketplace exists around SaaS products that can be leased and used for different purposes and via different terms. • A cloud consumer is generally granted very limited administrative control over a SaaS implementation.
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  Software-as-a-Service [SaaS] The cloudservice consumer is given access the cloud service contract, but not to any underlying IT resources or implementation details.
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  Comparing Cloud DeliveryModels A comparison of typical cloud delivery model control levels
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  Comparing Cloud DeliveryModels Typical activities carried out by cloud consumers and cloud providers in relation to the cloud delivery models
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  Combining Cloud DeliveryModels: IaaS + PaaS • A PaaS environment will be built upon an underlying infrastructure comparable to the physical and virtual servers and other IT resources provided in an IaaS environment.
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  Combining Cloud DeliveryModels: IaaS + PaaS
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  Combining Cloud DeliveryModels: IaaS + PaaS + SaaS
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  Cloud delivery models •In Iaas model you manage following resources like applications, data, runtime, middleware, OS whereas cloud provider manages network, storage, servers, virtualization OS. • In paas model you manage only applications and data whereas cloud provider manages runtime, middleware, os network, storage, servers, virtualization and OS
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  Cloud Deployment Models •A cloud deployment model represents a specific type of cloud environment, primarily distinguished by ownership, size, and access. • There are four common cloud deployment models: • Public Clouds • Community Clouds • Private Clouds • Hybrid Clouds
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  Cloud Deployment Models:Public Clouds •A public cloud is a publicly accessible cloud environment owned by a third-party cloud provider. •The cloud provider is responsible for the creation and on-going maintenance of the public cloud and its IT resources. Organizations act as cloud consumers when accessing cloud services and IT resources made available by different cloud providers.
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  Cloud Deployment Models:Community Clouds • A community cloud is similar to a public cloud except that its access is limited to a specific community of cloud consumers. • The community cloud may be jointly owned by the community members or by a third-party cloud provider that provisions a public cloud with limited access. An example of a “community” of organizations accessing IT resources from a community cloud.
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  Cloud Deployment Models: Private Clouds • A private cloud is owned by a single organization. • Private clouds enable an organization to use cloud computing technology as a means of centralizing access to IT resources by different parts, locations, or departments of the organization. • The actual administration of a private cloud environment may be carried out by internal or outsourced staff. • With a private cloud, the same organization is technically both the cloud consumer and cloud provider. A cloud service consumer in the organization’s on - premise environment accesses a cloud service hosted on the same organization’s private cloud via a virtual private network.
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  Cloud Deployment Models: Hybrid Clouds • A hybrid cloud is a cloud environment comprised of two or more different cloud deployment models. • For example, a cloud consumer may choose to deploy cloud services processing sensitive data to a private cloud and other, less sensitive cloud services to a public cloud An organization using a hybrid cloud architecture that utilizes both a private and public cloud.
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