Selection Statements Python Presentation
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brittaodongoSelection Statements Python Presentation
Uploaded by
brittaodongoSelection
Statements in
Python
What Are Selection
Statements?
Allow programs to make decisions
◦ Execute different code blocks based on conditions
◦ Improve control flow and logic in Python
Importance of Selection
Statements
Enable conditional execution
◦ Support real-world problem solving
◦ Used in authentication, grading systems, billing systems, etc.
The if Statement
Executes a block only if the condition is True
◦ Syntax: if condition: statements
◦ Example:
age = 20
if age >= 18:
print('Eligible to vote')
The if…else Statement
Provides two alternative outcomes
◦ Useful when one condition determines two paths
◦ Example:
temp = 15
if temp > 25:
print('Warm')
else:
print('Cold')
The if…elif…else
Statement
Used for handling multiple conditions
◦ Python evaluates conditions from top to bottom
◦ Example: grading system with A, B, C, D
Using elif – Example
marks = 72
◦ if marks >= 80: print('A')
◦ elif marks >= 70: print('B')
◦ elif marks >= 60: print('C')
◦ else: print('D')
Logical Operators in
Conditions
and – both conditions must be true
◦ or – at least one condition must be true
◦ not – reverses a Boolean value
◦ Useful in login systems and validation
Examples with Logical
Operators
if age >= 18 and citizen: Eligible to vote
◦ if day == 'Saturday' or day == 'Sunday': Weekend
◦ if not rainy: No umbrella needed
Nested Selection
Statements
An if inside another if
◦ Useful when validating multiple layers of conditions
◦ Example: age check + ID verification
User Input with
Selection
number = int(input('Enter a number'))
◦ if number > 0: Positive
◦ elif number < 0: Negative
◦ else: Zero
Real-World Example:
Login Check
username = 'admin'
◦ password = '1234'
◦ Check if both match user input
◦ Print success or failure message
Real-World Example:
Billing System
Different electricity billing brackets
◦ Use if, elif and else for tiered pricing
◦ Example: units * cost per unit
References
[Link]
Common Mistakes in
Selection Statements
Using = instead of == in conditions
◦ Incorrect indentation
◦ Unreachable code after else
◦ Misplaced elif conditions
Exercises for Practice
Write a program to determine student grade
◦ Write a program to check login credentials
◦ Write a program to classify numbers as +, -, or 0
◦ Create a simple menu using selection statements