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Introduction to Operating Systems Concepts

This document outlines the objectives and content of a lecture on Operating Systems, covering definitions, evolution, types, and services of OS. It includes practical tasks for students to engage with OS identification and resource management. The lecture concludes with a summary of key points and a reminder for upcoming assignments.

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shillahahmedtiti
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4 views14 pages

Introduction to Operating Systems Concepts

This document outlines the objectives and content of a lecture on Operating Systems, covering definitions, evolution, types, and services of OS. It includes practical tasks for students to engage with OS identification and resource management. The lecture concludes with a summary of key points and a reminder for upcoming assignments.

Uploaded by

shillahahmedtiti
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Week 1: Introduction to

Operating Systems – Concepts


and Roles
Operating Systems Course
Lecturer: [Your Name]
Institution: [Your Institution]
Lecture Objectives

• Define an Operating System and its purpose


• Explain the evolution of OS design
• Differentiate types of Operating Systems
• Identify OS services and their importance
• Perform practical tasks on OS identification
and basic commands
Definition & Purpose of an OS

• OS = Software that manages hardware and


provides services for applications
• Roles: Resource management, User interface,
Program execution, Security, Convenience
Evolution of OS

• 1st Gen (1940s–50s) – No OS, manual


operation
• 2nd Gen (1950s–60s) – Batch systems
• 3rd Gen (1960s–80s) – Multiprogramming,
Time-sharing
• Modern Era – Mobile OS, Cloud OS,
Distributed systems
OS as Interface

• Abstracts hardware into simple software


interfaces
• Device drivers manage hardware (e.g., printer)
• Example: Print → Application → OS → Printer
Types of Operating Systems

• Batch – group jobs, no interaction


• Time-sharing – many users share system
• Distributed – multiple machines act as one
• Real-time – strict timing response (e.g., ATMs,
autopilot)
OS Services

• Program execution
• I/O operations
• File system management
• Communication (message passing, shared
memory)
• Error detection & recovery
• Security (authentication, encryption)
Practical Task 1

• Check Installed OS Version


• Windows → winver
• Linux → uname -a
• Mac → About this Mac
• Students record OS version & kernel
Practical Task 2

• Research OS History
• Windows (XP → 11)
• Linux (Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian)
• macOS (Leopard → Sonoma)
• Each group: 2-min summary
Practical Task 3

• Explore OS Resource Management


• Windows → Task Manager
• Linux → top command
• Observe CPU, Memory usage, running
processes
Applied Practical (Group Work)

• Group A: File System (mkdir, copy, delete)


• Group B: Security (add user, password)
• Group C: Communication (ping another
machine)
• Each group presents findings in 5 minutes
Classwork Assignment

• Define an OS and explain its role in resource


management
• Compare batch OS vs time-sharing OS
• List 5 OS services + examples
• Research 3 distributed OS examples
Summary

• OS = resource manager + interface


• Evolution: Batch → Time-sharing →
Distributed → Cloud/Mobile
• OS Services ensure program execution, I/O,
file management, communication, security
• Hands-on practice shows OS in action
Closing

• Next Week: Computer-System Organization


and Architecture
• Reminder: Submit classwork assignment
before next lecture

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