Scribd
Upload
26 views8 pages

Copyright Guidelines for Editable Products

Editable products are protected under copyright and are intended for single classroom use only, prohibiting alteration and redistribution. They must not be posted online, even after editing, and any images used are public domain. Violating these terms can lead to penalties under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).

Uploaded by

alanrobbins33
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
26 views8 pages

Copyright Guidelines for Editable Products

Editable products are protected under copyright and are intended for single classroom use only, prohibiting alteration and redistribution. They must not be posted online, even after editing, and any images used are public domain. Violating these terms can lead to penalties under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).

Uploaded by

alanrobbins33
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Note about editable products…

Editable products still remain under the copyright, even when


edited. They are not to be altered and redistributed in any form,
including to other teachers or districts, or for any commercial
purpose. The editable product is still limited to one single
classroom use (the “buyer”) and still applicable under the
copyright law.
Editable products are offered to you so that you may change
some terminology or questions to best reflect the single
classroom they are intended to be used in.
Editable products also apply to the DMCA, and are not to be
posted to the internet in any form, even after editing. The
copyright information is an integral part of this form, and is not
intended to be altered.
The images contains in this particular resource are of public
domain and not intended to be reused or resold.
With the use of public domain images, I am able to offer
editable products. This may not always be the case. Editable
products are the exception, not the rule.

Honoring these terms allows us to all enjoy the convenience and


flexibility of editable products.
Please refer all questions to Vanessa at Biology Roots
Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ________________________________

Genetics Review Guide


© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

# Summarize each step of Mendel’s experiments using the pictures below. Be sure to include
names of generations, as well as any significant patterns seen in your summary.
1
Step 1

Step 2

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

Step 3

Two chromosomes are pictured at left; each chromosome is depicting one


#2
gene: flower color (P,p) and stem length: (T,t). Using these two traits, write
down all the possible allele combinations among flower color and stem
length: in each of the 4 circles:
#3
Pp Which of Mendel’s laws do
Tt the illustrations at left best
depict?

#5 #4
Differentiate between
genotype and phenotype: Which of Mendel’s laws does
the illustration at right
illustrate?

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)


What does it mean for a Fill in the table below- use any letter What is a monohybrid
#6 #7 #8 cross?
trait to be dominant vs. of your choice to represent the proper
recessive? alleles for each genotype:
Homozygous dominant

Heterozygous

Homozygous recessive

#9
The letters below represent the alleles of a genotype. For each pair of letters, determine if it is heterozygous
(HT); homozygous recessive (HMR); or homozygous dominant (HMD):
i) Aa ______ ii) bb ______ iii) CC ______ iv) dd _____ v) Ee ______ vi) FF _______

What is a mutation and how could it affect an individual’s phenotype?


#10
© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

Albinism is a recessive condition in which an #12 Sickle cell anemia is a recessive

PUNNETT PRACTICE
#11 individual produces little to no pigment. condition in which red blood cells are deformed.

Using a Punnett square, predict the probability of What are the chances of two heterozygous
an albino doe having albino offspring if she mates individuals having a child with sickle-cell anemia?
with a homozygous dominant buck.

#13
Or 4/16
a. What does the diagram at left best depict? (circle
Or 8/16
one) [monohybrid cross] | [dihybrid cross]
b. The parental cross = ________ x _________
© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

c. What are the chances of getting offspring that are


heterozygous for round and yellow peas (RrYy)?
_______________
d. What are the chances of getting wrinkled green peas
(rryy)? ___________________
e. What is the ratio among the following phenotypes
((hint: numbers should add up to 16; count 1/16 as 1,
1/8 as 2, 1/4 as 4, etc.)
Round Yellow: Round green: wrinkled Yellow:
wrinkled green?
___: ___:___:___ © 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)
In Alaskan malamutes, the dwarf allele is recessive (d), while the normal allele is dominant (D). Show
#14 a test cross in which all of the offspring are phenotypically dominant:

Dwarf Normal

a) A man and woman both have freckles and they are both heterozygous for the trait. They have three
#15 children, and none have freckles. What is the predicted probability vs. actual results. Explain why real
examples do not always follow the Punnett square.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________.
© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

b) The same man and woman are having their 4 th child a few years later. What is the most likely phenotype the
child will have? (Freckles or no freckles?): __________________________________________________

c) Do the phenotypes of the current offspring have anything to do with the phenotypes of future offspring? Why
or why not?
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________.

Make a key for the following pedigree symbols: normal male, normal female, affected male, affected female,
#16 carrier male, carrier female:

Are carrier symbols always seen in pedigrees, even if the individual is a carrier? Y/N _________

Is the pedigree at left autosomal dominant or


#17 autosomal recessive? Provide evidence from the
pedigree to support your answer.
© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

#18 Is the pedigree at left autosomal dominant or


autosomal recessive? Provide evidence from the
pedigree to support your answer.

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)


What are the two female sex chromosomes? ______ What are the two male sex chromosomes? _______
Do males or females determine the sex of a child? __________
#19 Boys inherit an© ____ from mom and a _____ from dad.
2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)
Girls inherit an ____ from mom and a _____ from dad.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex-linked trait. The gene for eye color is located on the X
#20 chromosome. Red eyes (R), are dominant over white eyes, (r).

Cross a homozygous red-eyed female fruit fly with a white-eyed male fruit fly:

a. Which percentage of their offspring would have red eyes? ______


b. Which percentage of their female offspring would be carriers for red eyes? _______
#21
Hemophilia is caused by a recessive X-linked allele. Cross a female who is
normal, but whose father is a hemophilic, with a normal man: d. If a son has hemophilia,
what does that say suggest
about his mother?

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

a. What percentage of their daughters will be normal? ______


b. What percentage of their daughters will be carriers? _____
c. What percentage of their children will be hemophilic? ______

#22

a. Provide evidence that this is a pedigree for an X-linked trait, and not an autosomal trait.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___.

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)


b. Where did individual IV-1 inherit this X-linked disorder?______________________________________________
© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)
Rabbits can be black, gray, or white.
#23
a. What type of inheritance does this demonstrate? ________________________
b. Cross a two gray rabbits. Determine the phenotypic percentages of their offspring.

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

Chickens can be black, white, or checkered.


#24
a. What type of inheritance does this demonstrate? ________________________
b. Cross a white chicken with a black chicken. Determine the phenotypic percentages of their offspring.

#25 Human blood types are genetically determined by three alleles: A (I A); B (IB), or O (i). Type A and type B
are codominant and type O is recessive. A male has blood type AB and a female has blood type O.
a. What is the chances of them having a child that also has type AB blood?
b. What are the chances of them having a child that is also type O?
c. Show your work using a Punnett square.

d. Which two types of inheritance patterns does human blood type exhibit?

#26 Pigeon feathers can be wild type blue, ash-red, or chocolate. The gene for feather color is controlled by
three possible alleles.

BA= ash=-red (the most dominant)


B= blue (recessive to ash-red; dominant to chocolate)
b=chocolate (recessive)

a. Cross a pigeon who is ash-red but carries the chocolate gene with a pigeon who is blue and also carries the
chocolate gene. Show your work using a Punnett square:

b. List all offspring phenotypes.

c. Were any of the offspring blue? Why or why not?

© 2015 Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)


Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ________________________________

Genetics Vocabulary Review


In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches each term.
______1. Heredity a. A genotype for a trait in which the alleles are different.

______2. Genetics b. Mendel’s law in which the two alleles for a trait separate
when gametes are formed.

______3. monohybrid cross c. A cross among one pair of contrasting traits.

______ 4. true-bred d. A form of a trait that is not expressed when the dominant
form is present.
______ 5. P generation e. The passing of traits from parents to offspring.

______ 6. F1 generation f. If an individual is _____-_______, of its offspring will display


only one form of a trait.
______ 7. F2 generation g. A form of a trait that overpowers or masks the other.

______ 8. alleles h. The first two individuals crossed in Mendel’s experiments.

______ 9. dominant i. The physical characteristic of a trait.

______ 10. recessive j. Mendel’s law in which the alleles of different genes separate
independently of one another during gamete formation.
______ 11. homozygous k. Offspring in Mendel’s experiments that exhibited a 3:1 ratio
of dominant: recessive traits.
______ 12. heterozygous l. A genotype for a trait in which the alleles are the same.

______ 13. genotype m. A branch of biology that studies heredity.

______ 14. phenotype n. Different forms of a gene.

______ 15. Law of Segregation o. Offspring of the P generation.

______ 16. Law of Independent p. The genetic makeup of an individual.


Assortment

Define each non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance below briefly in your own words:
17. Polygenic trait: ________________________________________________________________________

18. Multiple alleles: _______________________________________________________________________

19. Codominance: ________________________________________________________________________

20. Incomplete Dominance: ________________________________________________________________

21. X-linked Trait: ________________________________________________________________________


Thank you so much for supporting biology roots
I am so excited that you will be using my resources to benefit your classroom.
Listed below are some categories of products that I offer in my TpT store:

Digital Interactive Notebooks Complete Units- No prep!

Paper Interactive Notebooks Super Duper Science Sub Plans

Captivating Presentations Terrific Task Cards

Copyright Notice and Terms of Use © Vanessa Jason (“Biology Roots”)

All rights reserved by author. This product is to be used by the original


purchaser only. This purchase grants one license for personal use. Duplication for
other classes or by other teachers or for use in school wide distribution is
strictly forbidden. Posting Biology Roots products on the internet in any form
is strictly forbidden and violates the DMCA. Not for public display, including
ANY websites. Violations are subject to the penalties of the Digital
Millennium Copyright Act.

It IS Okay to… It is NOT Okay to…


Use this for personal use only • Share this resource with your coworkers or friends unless you
in your classroom as often as buy additional licenses,
you would like, every year! • (1 per each additional teacher), which are offered at a discount.
• Post this item to your school website, personal website, file-
sharing website, ANY website, without consent from the author,
Vanessa Jason.

i p e

Common questions

Powered by AI

In a dihybrid cross between two individuals heterozygous for both traits (RrYy x RrYy), the phenotypes follow a 9:3:3:1 ratio: 9 round yellow, 3 round green, 3 wrinkled yellow, and 1 wrinkled green. This reflects the independent assortment of alleles for each trait, where round (R) is dominant over wrinkled (r), and yellow (Y) is dominant over green (y).

Copyright restrictions prevent the sharing of educational resources without consent, even when modifications are permitted for classroom use. This maintains the integrity and intended distribution of resources, ensuring creators can control usage outside single-classroom settings. Unauthorized redistribution or alteration for commercial or public use, including online posting, violates DMCA regulations, leading to potential legal consequences .

A Punnett square helps calculate probability by mapping the alleles from each parent. When crossing a homozygous dominant (AA) individual with an albino (aa), all offspring will inherit one dominant allele and one recessive, resulting in heterozygous genotypes (Aa). Thus, there is a 0% chance of offspring being albino (recessive: aa) as they all have at least one dominant allele, which masks the recessive one .

If a son inherits a sex-linked trait like hemophilia, it indicates the mother carries at least one allele for that trait on her X chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, the presence of a recessive allele leads to the expression of the trait. The son’s condition suggests the mother is at least a carrier (XHXh) if not affected herself (XhXh).

In a pedigree chart, a sex-linked recessive disorder such as hemophilia is typically observed more in males, as they inherit one X chromosome carrying the recessive allele from their mother. Females must inherit two such alleles to express the disorder. Evidence such as affected males having unaffected parents or many more affected males than females suggests an X-linked pattern .

Mendel’s law of segregation states that alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed, while the law of independent assortment states that alleles of different genes separate independently during gamete formation. These laws are illustrated in genetic crosses, where patterns such as 3:1 phenotypic ratios in F2 generations reflect segregation, and the independent movement of allele pairs creates variety in offspring, seen in dihybrid crosses .

A genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, the combination of alleles they possess (e.g., Tt for plant height). In contrast, a phenotype is the physical expression of that genotype, such as being tall. Genotypic variations like homozygous (TT) or heterozygous (Tt) influence the resulting phenotype, which can be dominant or recessive .

Incomplete dominance occurs when the phenotype of heterozygous individuals is an intermediate of the two homozygous forms. For example, in snapdragon flowers, crossing a red-flowered plant (RR) with a white-flowered plant (WW) results in offspring with pink flowers (RW), showing a blending of traits rather than dominant/recessive expression .

Editable educational products are protected by copyright laws, which restrict alteration and redistribution. They are limited to single classroom use by the buyer and cannot be posted online, even if edited. Public domain images may be used in these products, but the copyright notice cannot be altered. Using these products commercially or sharing them with other teachers or schools without proper licensing is prohibited .

Actual offspring phenotypes may not match expected Punnett square probabilities due to factors like sample size, environmental influences, or other genetic variables. For freckles, where two heterozygous parents (Ff) might statistically have a 75% chance of having freckled children, observed results such as three non-freckled offspring suggest that small sample sizes can skew probability expectations .

You might also like