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Advanced Guide to Relative Clauses

Relative clauses provide additional information about nouns and are introduced by relative pronouns. There are two types: defining relative clauses, which give essential information without commas, and non-defining relative clauses, which add extra information and use commas. Tips include using 'that' only in defining clauses and reducing clauses for fluency.

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7 views8 pages

Advanced Guide to Relative Clauses

Relative clauses provide additional information about nouns and are introduced by relative pronouns. There are two types: defining relative clauses, which give essential information without commas, and non-defining relative clauses, which add extra information and use commas. Tips include using 'that' only in defining clauses and reducing clauses for fluency.

Uploaded by

karla.arriaza9
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RELATIVE

CLAUSES
(ADVANCED)
What Are Relative Clauses?

■ Relative clauses give extra information about a noun.


■ They are introduced by relative pronouns.
■ Examples:
■ The man who called you is my uncle.
■ The book which I read was amazing.
Types of Relative Clauses

■ 🔹 Defining Relative Clauses


■ Give essential information
■ No commas
✅ The student who won the contest is my friend.
■ 🔸 Non-defining Relative Clauses
■ Add extra (non-essential) information
■ Use commas
✅ My brother, who lives in Canada, is an artist.
Relative Pronouns Table
Pronoun Use Example
The girl who speaks
who people (subject)
Spanish is Maria.
The boy whom I met was
whom people (object)
kind.
The book which you gave
which things/animals
me is great.
The movie that we saw was
that people/things
exciting.
The man whose car broke
whose possession
down is here.
The city where I was born
where places
is small.
The day when we met
when time
changed everything.
Defining vs Non-defining

■ 🟢 Defining:
■ The woman who works here is very helpful.
(Which woman? → Essential info)
■ 🔵 Non-defining:
■ Mrs. Smith, who works here, is very helpful.
(We already know who she is → Extra info)
Reduced Relative Clauses

■ ✅ The man talking to Jane is my uncle.


(instead of: who is talking)
■ ✅ Books written by women won the award.
(instead of: that were written)
■ Use when:
■ Subject is the same
■ Verb is in active/passive voice
Practice

■ 📝 Join the sentences using a relative clause:


■ The teacher is very patient. She teaches math.
■ I bought a car. It was very cheap.
■ The girl is my friend. Her brother is in college.
Final Tips

■ Use "that" in defining clauses (never in non-defining).


■ Don’t use "that" after a comma.
■ Use "whom" in formal writing.
■ Reduce clauses to sound more fluent and academic.

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