MICROPROCESSOR
Generally We call CPU main part of
Computer System Which perform
Main Task.
MP is brain of Microcomputer That is
It,s control all Information and
Operations. MP and CPU all are same
Single chip inside motherboard.
MICROPROCESSOR
MP Is used for the Processing
/Controlling/ Executing .
It is a single chip that is capable of
processing Data.
e.g : Human brain just like Processor .
It's Controls all components in Computer
(Monitor, Input and output Devices).
My brain is microprocessor controlling all
parts of body.
MICROPROCESSOR
Components are :
Memory
I/O
External Devices
It execute sequence of instructions. That is
one after another.
MP fetch ,Decode, and Execute Instructions.
Fetch: Taking instruction
Decode: C/c++ /English like statements into
(0,1).Only Binary info.
MICROPROCESSOR
Or simply we can say Machine
language.
High Level language first convert to
Assembly language than Into Machine
language.
Execute: Performing Operations.
Internal Architecture Of MP is complex.
Evolution of Intel
MICROPROCESSOR
First Generation (1939-1954)
Vacuum Tubes
Second Generation: (1954-1959)
Transistor
Third Generation (1959-1971)
IC (Integrated Circuits)
4th Generation(1971-Present)
Microprocessor.
Evolution of Intel
MICROPROCESSOR
1971 Microprocessor started.
MP is scaling from 4004 to Pentium 4.
MP is identified with the size of Data.
That is How much data it is accessing.
ALU can perform 4 bit data operation at a
time.
These Type of MP is called 4 bit processor.
ALU inside of MP
0001,[Link].
Evolution of Intel
MICROPROCESSOR
4 Bit processor
Intel 4004,intel 4040
All can take 4 bit data at a time.
That is Bit increases speed increases .
8 Bit Processor:
8 bit data at a time by ALU.
8008,8080,8085 and Motorola 6800
etc
All can take only 8 bit data at atime.
Evolution of Intel
MICROPROCESSOR
16 Bit Microprossor
ALU perform 16 bit operation at a time.
8086,8088 etc
32 Bit Processor:80386,80387,80486 Intel
Pentium ,Intel Dual Core
32 bit operation performed by ALU.
64 Bit processor:
Inter Core 2
Intel corei7
Intel corei5
Intel corei3
64 bit operation performed by ALU very fast bit
size increased speed automatically increased.
MICROPROCESSOR
MP Consists OF :
1. Register
2. ALU
3. Timing And Control Unit
Register/ALU/Timing
And Control Unit
MICROPROCESSOR
What Operation they will perform
Register: Temporary Storage location for
performing instruction on data .
After operation done it will be clear.
ALU: It performs arithmetic Operation
And logical operations.
Timing And control Unit:
Keeps all other parts of system including
(register ,ALU ,Memory ,I/O Devices
working together in right time sequence.
MICROPROCESSOR
MP is connected with the following
Components.
Input: It is used to give the input Data
to MP.
Output: It is used to provide the result
of calculation will be display.
Memory: It is used to store Data it is
bidirectional.
MICROPROCESSOR
Input Devices
Microprocessor
OUTPUT DEVICE
Memory Unit
MICROPROCESSOR
MP : Small chip that is present inside the
Computer That perform all operation by it.
Computer Bus: (Bus Width/Speed).
Bus: Carry Data from one part to another
part.
Electronic path/Channel
Bit travel on Bus
From one component to another that is
from Memory to processor & input output
Devices simply provide path.
MICROPROCESSOR
Speed/Width : How much bit
transferred i.e. 32 bit, Or 4 byte or 64
bit or 8Byte.
Bus Speed: the speed at which data
move from one component to another
component of computer is called bus
speed.
Bus clock speed is measured in
megahertz (MHZ) Or Million of clock
cycles per second.
MICROPROCESSOR
BUS :Electrical path inside a computer
to transfer data from one part to
another part.
A Bus is a collection of wires that
connect several devices.
Buses are used to send control signals
and Data between Processor and other
components.
In Computer System all peripherals
are connected to MP through Buses.
MICROPROCESSOR
Width Of Computer Buses:
Amount of Data carried by Bus at one time is
called Bus width.
A bus with 32 Lines can carry 32 bit or 4
Byteat a time.
Higher Bus width means that Bus can carry
more Data increase performance of Computer
Speed Of Bus: The speed at which Data Move
from One component to another component
is called Bus speed.(Effect overall
performance).
MICROPROCESSOR
BUSES:
[Link] Bus:
2. System Bus:
What are these Two?