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Understanding Infarction Types and Pathogenesis

An infarct is a localized area of ischemic necrosis in an organ or tissue, typically caused by arterial occlusion. Infarcts can be classified by color (white or red), age (recent or old), and infection status (bland or septic). The pathogenesis involves initial increased blood flow, followed by cell degeneration, necrosis, and eventual replacement by scar tissue.

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5 views12 pages

Understanding Infarction Types and Pathogenesis

An infarct is a localized area of ischemic necrosis in an organ or tissue, typically caused by arterial occlusion. Infarcts can be classified by color (white or red), age (recent or old), and infection status (bland or septic). The pathogenesis involves initial increased blood flow, followed by cell degeneration, necrosis, and eventual replacement by scar tissue.

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agarwaladitya622
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INFARCTION

DR. SANJU BHATI


DEFINITION

• Infarct is localized area of ischemic necrosis in an organ or tissue


resulting most often from occlusion of the arterial supply or
occasionally its venous drainage.
TYPES OF INFARCTION

• Infarcts are classified depending upon different features:


1. According to their color:
i. White infarct , due to arterial occlusion and are seen in compact organs with
end artery blood supply e.g. in the kidneys, heart, spleen.
ii. Red or haemorrhagic infarct , seen in soft loose tissues with dual blood supply
and are caused either by pulmonary arterial obstruction e.g. lung and arterial
or venous occlusion e.g. intestine
2. According to their age:
i. Recent or fresh
ii. old or healed
3. According to presence or absence of infection:
i. Bland, when free of bacterial contamination
ii. Septic, when infected
PATHOGENESIS

 Increased blood flow initially


 Affected part becomes swollen
 Cloudy swelling , cell degeneration , and cell death later
 Necrotic tissue breaks down
 WBCs come to site
 RBCs break down , so infarct becomes pale
 Granulation tissue grows and infarct is replaced by scar
GROSS

 Wedge shaped
 Apex pointing towards occluded artery
 Base on the surface
 Aretrial occlusion – pale
 Venous occlusion – hemorrhagic
• Hemorrhagic wedge-shaped lesion with
base toward pleura.
• Poorly demarcated margins.
• Surrounding lung may show congestion.

Infarct lung
MICROSCOPY

• Pathognomic – Coagulative necrosis (all organs)


• Cerebral infarcts – liquefactive necrosis
• Periphery of the infarct – Inflammatory reaction noted
• Generally infarct replaced by fibrous tissue
• Cerebral infarct – Gliosis ( replacement by microglial cells)
Thank you

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