Computer Science

Grade 11
 Categories of Marks
• GROUP A : MCQ
• 9 Marks
• GROUP B: Short Answer :
• 25 Marks
2 Choose options with in the question
• Group C: (Long Answer Questions):
• 16 Marks
• Internal: 50 marks
 Process of Evaluation
• Board Exam: 50 Marks
• Internal Exam: 50 Marks
• Classwork and Participation – 5
• Assignments – 10
• Project Work – 10
• Monthly Test – 10
• Practical Exam – 15
 Chapters Included
• Computer System.
• Number System and Conversion Boolean Logic
• Computer Software and Operating System
• Application Packages.
• Programming Concepts and Logics
• Web Technology – I (HTML, CSS)
• Multimedia
• Information Security and Cyber Law.
 Computer System (TH: 20)
• Introduction to Computer System.
• Definition, Evolution, Measurement of Processing
Speed and Storage Unit, Types of Computers, Mobile
Computing and Application.
• Its Components and I/O Devices.
• Architecture and Organization, Components(I,O,P,M,S)
• Bus system (Data, Address, Control)
• Memory ( Primary/ Secondary)
 Number System and Conversion Boolean
Logic (TH 11)
• Number System and Conversion.( Decimal,
Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal)
• One’s and two’s complement methods.
• Intro to Boolean algebra. (Statement and
Verification)
• Logic gates.
• Laws of Boolean Algebra.
 Computer System and OS ( TH:12)
• Concept of Software.
• Concept of Operating System
• Windows Operating System (GUI)
• Open sources and Mobile Operating System
 Application Package(TH: 5)
• Introduction to Office Package:
– Word, Presentation, Spreadsheet, DBMS.

• Domain Specific tools:

– School Management System
– Payroll System
– Financial Accounting
– Hotel Management
 Programming Concepts & Logics
(TH: 8)
• Introduction to Programming Languages:
– Low/High/4GL Programming Languages.
– Compiler, Interpreter and Assembler.
– Program design tools – Algorithm, Flowchart and Pseudocode.

– C Programming :
» Structure/ Characters/Data – types/ Constant &
Varaiables
» I/O Functions
» Array / String
 Web Technology – I (TH: 8)
• Web development.
• Content Management System.
• HTML:
– Head, Title, Body
– Font, Paragraph Formatting
– Break Line BR
– Ordered List/ Unordered List
– Address Tag
– Tables / Forms

• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

– Inline/ Embedded/ External
 Multimedia
• Introduction to Multimedia
• Component of Multimedia:
– Text
– Graphics
– Audio
– Video & Animation

• Application of Multimedia
 Information Security and Cyber Law.
• Digital Society and Ethics of Computer.
• Concept of Information Security
• Concept of Cybercrime
• Malicious Software and Spam
• Protection from Cybercrime.
 Chapter 1: Computer System

• General Purpose Electronic Device.

• Programmable Machine.
• A computer is a programmable electronic
machine that processes (computes) the result
as according to the instructions provided.
 Characteristics of Computer
• Speed, Size and Cost
– ENIAC : Speed – 300 Multiplication and 5000
Addition per second.
– Transistor: Million Addition per second.
– IC and CPU’s : Calculation ten’s of Millions.
– Portable Computers:
– Tablet PC, Laptop and PDA (Palmtop)
ENIAC
Transistor
IC and CPU
 Accuracy and Reliability:

- Computers can perform work with no

mistakes.
- Errors occurs when wrong instructions are
given.
Vast Storage Capacity:
- Store and Function massive data.
- Primary (CPU) and Secondary(Optical,
Magnetic Disk) Storage.
• Automatic:
- Performs itself as per the instruction provided.
• Versatile:
- Multiple task at a time, with different
characteristics.
- Electronic :
- Requires electricity to work. Transistor, diode,
register.
- Non-intelligent :
- Brainless Idiot servant of Human…
Evolution of Computer Technology
• Abacus
• Napier’s Bones
• Side Rule
• Pascal’s Calculating / Adding Machine
• Leibniz’s Calculator
• Charles Babbage Engine:
» Difference Engine/ Analytical Engine/ Lady Augusta Ada

• Dr. Herman Holierith

• Abacus:
• Early Mathematical Computations.
• First used in 300 BC.
• 2 beads heaven (5 value) and 5 beads earth (1 unit).
• Use for addition, subtraction, divide and multiply.
• Napier’s Bones:

• Used Logarithms, allows multiplication via addition.

• Logarithms : way of looking differently at indices

• Consisted set of rods called Bones for Calculations.

• 11 set of rods with numbers on them.

NAPIER’s BONES
4896*7 = ??
• Slide Rule:
• Invented by William Oughtred in 1620.
• Made on principle of logarithms.
• Used for Multiplication, and addition
• By Sliding the smaller scale over the large scale.
• Result by viewing the scales
• Pascal’s Calculating Machine
• Leibniz’s Calculator
• Charles Babbage Engine
• Electro- Mechanical ERA:
• MARK –I (Howard Hathaway Aiken)
• Atanasoff – Berry Computer( ABC)

Electronic ERA:
• ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC,
• Fourth Generation Computers (1971 – present)
• Fifth Generation Computers ( 1990 – present)
• Measurement Unit of Processing Speed and
Storage Unit
• Basic Unit of Data Storage
• Types of Computer
– On Basis of Size:
• Super Computer and Mainframe Computer
• Mini Computer
• Micro Computer
• Desktop/ Laptop / Net Book/ Tablets/ PDA/ Smart
Phones

• Mobile Computing and Its Application.

• Cloud Computing
Blank Intentionally
Q1) Draw the block diagram of computer
system. Explain the input and processing unit.
(8)
Q2) Explain Computer Architecture with block
diagram and functions of its components. (8)
 Components of Computer System

• Input Unit

• Central Processing Unit

• Output Unit

• Storage Unit
Computer Architecture
 INPUT UNIT
• Before any computations can occur, data and instructions
must be entered into the computer system via an input
device. This device, also called the input unit, accepts raw
data and commands, and transforms them into a format
the computer can process.
• Features:
1. It accepts the list of instruction and data from the outside
world.
2. It converts the supplied instruction and data into computer
acceptable form that is binary code.
3. It supplies the converted instruction and data to the computer
system for further processing.
 CPU
• The CPU, like the brain in a human body,
makes all major calculations and comparisons
in a computer, and manages other system
units. In microcomputers, a single-chip
microprocessor performs these functions. Its
speed is quantified in Megahertz or Gigahertz.
• Components:
– Memory Unit, Control Unit, ALU
 Components definition
• Memory Unit: The memory unit temporarily or
permanently holds data and instructions. It's split into
primary memory for short-term storage, and secondary
memory for long-term storage of processed data.
• Control Unit:
The control unit, acting like the computer's nervous
system, manages the entire system without directly
processing data. It retrieves, interprets, and executes
program instructions, while also controlling all
connected input/output devices.
• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is essential for
executing instructions and performing arithmetic
and logical operations, under the control of the
Control Unit (CU). It handles all computations and
decisions using data and instructions transferred
from the primary memory. Its functions include
basic math operations and logical comparisons
using operations like OR, AND, and NOT.
 Storage Unit
• A storage unit refers to any non-volatile
storage device that is internal or external to
the computer. It can be any storage device
beyond the primary storage that enables
permanent data storage.
• They are of 2 types: Primary and Secondary.
 Output Unit
• An output unit relays computation results from the computer
to the outside world, translating the binary data (0s and 1s)
processed by the computer into human-understandable
formats like letters, numbers, symbols, and images.

• Features:
1. It accepts the result produce by the computer which is not
understandable to us.
2. It converts the result into human understandable form.
3. It supplies the converted results to the outside world.
Bus System in Computer

What is Bus??
Bus System in Computer
• Data Bus: Data bus is a system which is used
to transfer data within internal components
such as microprocessor, memory and I/O
devices. It handles the transfer of all data and
instructions between functional areas of the
computer.
• Address Bus: An address bus is a computer
bus architecture used to transfer data
between devices that are identified by the
hardware address of the physical memory.
• Control Bus: A control bus is computer bus
architecture which is used by central processing
unit (CPU) to communicate with other devices
inside the machine over a set of physical
connections like cables or printed circuits.
• It is a diverse collection of signals, including
read, write, and interrupt, that allow the CPU to
direct and monitor what the different parts of
the computer are doing.
 RAM

• From Book.
 ROM
• Stores crucial information essential to operate
the system, like the program essential to boot
the computer.
• It is non-volatile.
• Always retains its data.
• Used in embedded systems or where the
programming needs no change.
• Used in calculators and peripheral devices.
 TYPES of ROM:
• 1. PROM (Programmable read-only memory): It can be programmed
by the user. Once programmed, the data and instructions in it cannot
be changed. Application area: mobile phones, radio-frequency
identification (RFID) tags

• 2. EPROM (Erasable Programmable read-only memory): It can be

reprogrammed. To erase data from it, expose it to ultraviolet light. To
reprogram it, erase all the previous data. Used in BIOS and Video Cards.

• 3. EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory):

The data can be erased by applying an electric field, with no need for
ultraviolet light. We can erase only portions of the chip. Used in remote
key less systems,
 Difference Between Buffer and Cache
Memory
Characteristics Cache Buffer
High-speed storage area Normal-speed storage is
Storage Area when compared to the
cache
RAM Faster static RAM is used. Slow dynamic RAM is used.
Reading and writing of discs There are input and output
Process
is used. processes.
It increases the CPU access It doesn't increase the
Time
time. access time.
Cache stores the original Buffer stores a copy of the
Data Storage data, which needs to be original data.
sent to the receiver.
It is implemented in the It is implemented in RAM
Implementation
main memory. and on disk.
 Secondary Memory
• Magnetic Disks • External Storage
• Hard Disk
• USB Drive
• Floppy Disk
• Memory Card
• Optical Disk
• Input Devices
• Compact Disk
• Keyboard
• Digital Versatile Disk
• Mouse
• Blu-ray Disc
• Optical Scanner