CHAPTER 6
Computer network
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Define Internet.
Ans:- the internet is a global system to interconnect computer network
that enables user to share information and various resources with each
other.
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Ques1:-Define Computer network?
Ans:-
Computer network is a group of computers and peripheral devices ,
connect through a data communication system .
It fecilitates the sharing of hardware , software resources, among
different users working on different computer.
Shared resources are:- data files, any application software, hardware
device like printer , modem.
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Ques 2:- What are the components involved in the communication
• Ans:-the three components involved in the communication are:-
• 1) sender- creates the message. It is a computer , workstation,
mobile phone or tablet that sends the data through browser.
• 2) communication medium:- it’s a physical path through wich the
message travels from sender to receiver.
• Like:- cable, wi-fi , blue-tooth, radio waves. Etc
• 3) Receiver :- it is a device which received the data message .It can be
a computer, workstation, tablet .
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Ques4:- what are the advantages of network?
• Hardware sharing:- all the devices connected to the remote server
which is shared among the multiple computer.
• Software sharing:- computers connected in network can share the
software.
• Efficiency of hardware and software resources:-In network
modification in software and hardware is done at a single point
• Save paper and time:- network can generate multiple copies of same
document. Thus saves times and paper.
• Internet sharing.:- network reduces the cost of installing the internet
facility
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Ques5:- What are different types of network?
There are four types of computer network:-
1) LAN- Local Area Network
2) MAN- Metropolitan Area Network
3) WAN- Wide Area Network
4) PAN – Personal Area Network
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Ques 6 :- State the difference between LAN, MAN, WAN.
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Ques 7:-LAN .
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Ques 7:-MAN .
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Ques 7:-WAN .
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Ques 7:-What are the various network components?
• 1) Server- A server is a powerful computer with high speed and great processing
capability
• 2) client:- client is a computer connect to a server. Client machine is also called
hub
• 3)Network Interface Card(NIC ) :- it is a piece of hardware which facilitates the
communication between different computers over network. It identifies every
single nodes with unique physical address
• 5) Modem
• 6) HUB
• 7) Switch
• 8) Repeater
• 9)Router
• 10)gateway
11) Bridge
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Ques 9 :- Explain Modem
• The sender Modem converts digital signal to analog signals to enable
their transmission via phone lines.
• At the destination , the receiver modem converts analog signals to
digital signals so that the data can be understood at the receiving end.
• Two types of modem:-
• 1) internal modem:- It comes as a separate part which is
• installed on the PCI
• 2) external modem:- it is connected externally
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Ques 10:- Explain hub and Switch
Hub is a device which is used for connecting multiple devices directly to the network
using cable.
• Each connection is called port.
• Connection is done by fiber optics cable.
Switch :- they are similar to hub but when the
network contains large number of devices , switches
Are need not hub.
HUB
Switch
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Ques 10:- Explain Repeater, Router and Gateway
• Repeater:- A repeater is device user to regenerate the signals.
• It receives the electronic signals , clean them and retransmit them.
• Repeaters are needed so that the signals can travel longer distance
with same streangth or even at a high power.
• Router :-
• It is used to connect two different networks like LAN and MAN or
LAN-LAN or LAN- WAN eg:- two highways connection act like router
Gateway:- A gateway is the network point that acts as entrance to
another network using protocol. Eg:- toll which allow the viechels to
pass from one highway to another highway.
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Ques11:- Explain different types of Network protocols.
Protocols :- set of rules which determines how data should be
transferred over networks ,compressed, presented on the screen.
Different types of protocols:-
1. TCP/IP- transmission control protocol/ internet protocol
2. HTTP- Hyper text transfer protocol
3. FTP- file transfer protocol
4. SMTP- simple mail transfer protocol
5. IMAP-internet message access protocol
6. POP – post office protocol
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Ques 12:- Explain all the network protocol
1. TCP/IP protocol-
- Transmission control protocol /Internet Protocol. It is standard internet communication protocol that allow
computers to communicate over long distances.
- Developed in 1970, adopted by ARPANET
- Internet is packet switching network, where the information is broken down into smaller packets and sent over the
internet at the same time and reassemble at the receiving end .
2. FTP protocol
• - File transfer Protocol
• - it is a set of rules transferring files between two computer on internet.
• - it is commonly used protocol for exchanging files over TCP/IP based network.
• - it works on client – server architecture.
• - ftp address
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• 3. SMTP -Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• - used for transferring emails between two or more servers
• - it needs notification for the incoming mail.
• 4. POP3 – Post Office Protocol Version 3
• - helps in the retrieve emails from remote web server using local client.
• - all pop3 server has unique address.
5. HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
- It defines how messages are formatted and transmitted
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:-
Transmission Medium
(Guided Media)
1)Ethernet cables
1. Crossover cable: It is basically designed for connecting two computers without hub or router
2. Straight –through cable :- It is used to connect a computer to a router or a switch
2)Coaxial cable
3. Baseband coaxial cable:- it supports quick transmission of a single signal at a [Link] is mainly
used for LAN
4. Broadband coaxial cable- It transmit multiple signals at the same time and is used for long
distances
3) Optical fibre cable
5. it has large capacity to transfer data at a very high speed.
6. It is most popular technology for local area network.
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Wireless media (unguided media /wireless media)
Long distance Communication medium:-
• Satellite
• Wi Max- worldwide Interoperability for microwave Access
• Microwave
• Radio wave
Short distance communication medium:-
• Bluetooth
• Infra technology
• Wi-fi- wireless fidelity.
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