ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING I
ASSIGNMENT
WATER TREATMENT PLANT & DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
WATER TREATMENT PLANT
A Water Treatment Plant is a facility that processes raw water to produce
safe water for Domestic use.
The Processes involved in Water Treatment Plant is,
1. Screening.
2. Coagulation & Flocculation.
3. Sedimentation.
4. Filtration.
5. Disinfection.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
A Water Distribution System is a network of pipes, valves, pumps,
tanks, and other infrastructure designed to deliver water from a
source to consumers.
Key components of a water distribution system include:
1. Source.
2. Treatment Plant.
3. Storage Tank.
4. Pumping Station.
5. Distribution Pipes
6. Valves.
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of a Water Treatment Plant and Distribution System
project typically revolve around ensuring reliable access to clean
and safe drinking water for a community
The Primary Objectives are:
i. Provide Safe Water.
ii. Improve Water Quality.
iii. Increase Water Supply Reliability.
METHODOLOGY
STEPS FOR MAKING
1. Firstly, all the required items were procured.
2. The project begins with the making of base for the project.
3. After completing the base, we started making the artificial lake
by thermopole sheet & Water treatment plant.
4. With the help of plastic containers we make the steps required
for the treatment process.
5. After that, with the help of Acrylic Sheet we make an
underground water storage tank, and the disinfection step takes
place in that storage tank.
6. Lastly, a motor was place with the storage tank to lift water
from the tank and pump to the houses with the help of pipes
and valves.
WORKING MECHANISM
1. The Contaminated water is manually filled in the lake.
2. Then with the help of valve the water is transferred to the screening
tank, where the screening for the coarse aggregate are take place.
3. After that, the water is transferred to the Coagulation & Flocculation
Tank, where potash alum is added.
4. Then the water is moved to the sedimentation tank, where by the
help of gravity the impurities are settled down.
5. The water is then moved to filtration tank, where the water is being
filtered with the help of layers of gravel, charcoal, sand, cotton.
6. After that the water is being transferred to the storage tank where
chlorine is added for the disinfection process.
7. Then the water is purified and is ready to be consumed and it is then
pumped and distributed to and industries through pipes and valves.
the houses
CALCULATION
FOR ALUM:
Volume of Container = xh
= x2.5 = 39.76
Volume of Container = 39.76 = = 0.65 litres
Ratio of Alum
1 gallon water = 1/5 Teaspoon Alum
Or
3.78 Litres water = 0.84 g Alum
1 Litre water = g Alum
0.65 Litres water = 0.65() g Alum
0.65 Litres Water = 0.144 g Alum
FOR CHLORINE:
Volume of Container = 4.5 x 6 x 3 = 81
Volume of Container = 81 = = 1.327 Litres
Ratio of Chlorine
1 gallon water = ¼ teaspoon Chlorine
Or
3.78 Litres water = 1.05 g Chlorine
1 Litre water = g Chlorine
1.327 Litres Water = 1.327() g Chlorine
1.327 Litres Water = 0.368 g Chlorine
OUTCOME
After the Completion of our project, we have checked the outcome of
our project by testing the treated water quality. We tested the water
by pH or Turbidity Test.
The Detail of Tests are as follow:
pH
The pH of Water Before Treatment was found to be 5.90
The pH of Water After Treatment was found to be 4.62
Turbidity
The Turbidity of water before Treatment was found to be 137.4 NTU
The Turbidity of Water After Treatment was found to be 80.5 NTU
CONCLUSION
After making the particular working model, we were able to
understand the working mechanism of water treatment plant and
the Distribution system. We were also able to understand the
purification of water to an extent which is safe to be used for the
domestic purposes and its overall Distribution process. This project
helped us improving our problem solving skills and makes us
capable of practically implement our engineering knowledge.
The conclusion of this report is that we are able to relate our
theoretical knowledge gained in class with the practical application
of real world.