Department of Mechanical Engineering
Welcomes You all
Course Learning Objectives
Course objectives:
• Explain the basic concepts of geometrical crystallography, crystal
structure and
imperfections in Solids.
• Construct the phase diagrams to know the phase transformations
and concept of
diffusion in solids.
• Identify the heat treatment, cooling method for controlling the
microstructure and
plastic deformation to modify their properties.
• Explain the powder metallurgy process, types and surface
modifications.
• Apply the method of materials selection, material data, properties,
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and knowledge
sources for computer-aided selection of materials.
Module-1 SYLLABUS
Structure of Materials
Introduction: Classification of materials, crystalline and non-crystalline
solids, atomic bonding: Ionic Bonding and Metallic Bonding.
Crystal Structure: Crystal Lattice, Unit Cell, Planes and directions in a
lattice, Planar Atomic Density, Coordination number, atomic Packing Factor
of all the Cubic structures and Hexagonal Close Packed structure.
Classification and Coordination of voids, Bragg’s Law.
Imperfections in Solids: Types of imperfections, Point defects: vacancies,
interstitials, line defects, 2-D and 3D-defects, Concept of free volume in
amorphous solids. Slip, Twinning.
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Module-2
Physical Metallurgy
Alloy Systems: Classification of Solid solutions, Hume- Rothery
Rules
Diffusion: Diffusion Mechanisms: Vacancy Diffusion and
Interstitial Diffusion, Fick’s laws of diffusion, Factors affecting
diffusion.
Phase Diagrams: Gibbs Phase Rule, Solubility limit, phase
equilibrium and Phase Diagrams: Isomorphous systems, Invariant
Binary Reactions: Eutectic reaction, Eutectoid reaction and
Peritectic reaction, Lever Rule, Iron-Carbon Diagram. Effect of
common alloying elements in steel. Numerical on Lever rule.
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Module-3
Nucleation and growth: Introduction to homogeneous and
heterogeneous nucleation, critical radius for nucleation.
Heat treatment: Annealing, Normalizing, hardening, Tempering,
Nitriding, Cyaniding, Induction Hardening and Flame Hardening, Recent
advances in heat treat technology. TTT diagram,
Recovery-Recrystallization-Grain Growth.
Strengthening Mechanisms: Strain hardening, Precipitation hardening
(Solid-Solution Strengthening), Grain refinement.
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Module-4
Surface coating technologies: Introduction, coating materials, coating
technologies, types of coating: Electro-plating, Chemical Vapor Deposition
(CVD), Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), High Velocity Oxy-Fuel Coating,
advantages, and disadvantages of surface coating.
Powder metallurgy: Introduction, Powder Production Techniques:
Different Mechanical methods: Chopping or Cutting, Abrasion methods,
Machining methods, Ball Milling and Chemical method: Chemical
reduction method.
Characterization of powders (Particle Size & Shape Distribution),
Powder Shaping: Particle Packing Modifications, Lubricants & Binders,
Powder Compaction & Process, Sintering and Application of Powder
Metallurgy.
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Module-5
Engineering Materials and Their Properties: Classification, Ferrous materials:
Properties, Compositions and uses of Grey cast iron and steel. Non-Ferrous
materials: Properties, Compositions and uses of Copper, Brass, Bronze.
Composite materials - Definition, classification, types of matrix materials &
reinforcements, Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs), Ceramic Matrix Composites
(CMCs) and Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs), Particulate-reinforced and fiber-
reinforced composites, Applications of composite materials.
Mechanical and functional properties of Engineering Materials
The Design Process and Materials Data: Types of design, design tools and
materials data, processes of obtaining materials data, materials databases.
Material Selection Charts: Selection criteria for materials, material property
Charts, deriving property limits and material indices. 7
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
CO1. Understand the atomic arrangement in crystalline materials and
describe the periodic arrangement of atoms in terms of unit cell
parameters.
CO2. Understand the importance of phase diagrams and the phase
transformations.
CO3. Explain various heat treatment methods for controlling the
microstructure.
CO4. Correlate between material properties with component design and
identify various kinds of defects.
CO5. Apply the method of materials selection, material data and knowledge
sources for computer-aided selection of materials. 8
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for
Semester End Exam (SEE) is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the
CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and for the SEE
minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50
marks). A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic
requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/ course if
the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End
Examination) taken together.
CIE for the theory component of the IPCC (maximum marks 50)
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• IPCC means practical portion integrated with the theory of the
course.
• CIE marks for the theory component are 25 marks and that for the
practical component is 25 marks.
• 25 marks for the theory component are split into 15 marks for two
Internal Assessment Tests (Two Tests, each of 15 Marks with 01-hour
duration, are to be conducted) and 10 marks for other assessment
methods mentioned in 22OB4.2. The first test at the end of 40-50%
coverage of the syllabus and the second test after covering 85-90% of
the syllabus.
• Scaled-down marks of the sum of two tests and other assessment
methods will be CIE marks for the theory component of IPCC (that is
for 25 marks).
• The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of
the theory component of IPCC. 10
CIE for the practical component of IPCC
• 15 marks for the conduction of the experiment and preparation of laboratory record, and 10 marks for
the test to be conducted after the completion of all the laboratory sessions.
• On completion of every experiment/program in the laboratory, the students shall be evaluated
including
viva-voce and marks shall be awarded on the same day.
• The CIE marks awarded in the case of the Practical component shall be based on the continuous
evaluation of the laboratory report. Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10 marks. Marks of
all experiments’ write-ups are added and scaled down to 15 marks.
• The laboratory test (duration 02/03 hours) after completion of all the experiments shall be
conducted for 50 marks and scaled down to 10 marks.
• Scaled-down marks of write-up evaluations and tests added will be CIE marks for the laboratory
component of IPCC for 25 marks.
• The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the practical component of the
IPCC.
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SEE for IPCC
Theory SEE will be conducted by university as per the scheduled
timetable, with common question papers for the course (duration
03 hours)
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set
for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two
questions under a module (with a maximum of 3 sub-questions),
should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full
question from each module.
4. Marks scored by the student shall be proportionally scaled down
to 50 Marks
The theory portion of the IPCC shall be for both CIE and
SEE, whereas the practical portion will have a 12CIE
component only. Questions mentioned in the SEE paper may
Suggested Learning Resources:
Textbooks:
1. Callister Jr, W.D., Rethwisch, D.G., (2018), Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction,
10th Edition, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
2. Ashby, M.F. (2010), Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, Butterworth- Heinemann.
3. Azaroff, L.V., (2001) Introduction to solids, 1st Edition, McGraw Hill Book Company.
4. Avner, S.H., (2017), Introduction to Physical Metallurgy, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill Education.
Reference Books
1. Jones, D.R.H., and Ashby,M.F., (2011), Engineering Materials 1: An Introduction to Properties,
Application and Design, 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann.
2. Jones, D.R.H., and Ashby,M.F., (2012), Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructure and
Processing, 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann.
3. Abbaschian, R., Abbaschian, L., Reed-Hill, R. E., (2009), Physical Metallurgy Principles, 4th Edition,
Cengate Learning.
4. P. C. Angelo and R. Subramanian: Powder Metallurgy- Science, Technology and Applications, PHI, New
Delhi,2008.
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Material Science and
Engineering
Subject Code:BME303
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Module-1
Structure of Materials
Introduction: Classification of materials, crystalline and non-crystalline
solids, atomic bonding: Ionic Bonding and Metallic Bonding.
Crystal Structure: Crystal Lattice, Unit Cell, Planes and directions in a
lattice, Planar Atomic Density, Coordination number, atomic Packing Factor
of all the Cubic structures and Hexagonal Close Packed structure.
Classification and Coordination of voids, Bragg’s Law.
Imperfections in Solids: Types of imperfections, Point defects: vacancies,
interstitials, line defects, 2-D and 3D-defects, Concept of free volume in
amorphous solids. Slip, Twinning.
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The word materials here do not refer to all materials that are found
in the universe. Had it been so, the materials science would have
become such a big science that would cover a very wide range of
topics and subjects.
It is therefore clearly understood that the scope of the materials
science is confined to the study of that part of materials which are
useful to the engineer or technologist in the practice of his
profession to serve the needs of modern civilization. So materials
mean engineering materials and that are limited to only solid
materials.
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Material science is primarily concerned with the search for basic
knowledge about the internal structure, properties and processing of
materials.
Materials engineering is mainly concerned with the use of
fundamental and applied knowledge of materials so that the
materials can be converted into products needed or desired by
society.
Materials science is concerned primarily with the search for basic
knowledge about materials, whereas materials engineering is
concerned mainly with using applied knowledge about materials.
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A material is defined as a substance (most often a
solid, but other condensed phases can be included)
that is intended to be used for certain applications.
There are a numerous of materials around us—they
can be found in anything from buildings to spacecraft.
Materials can generally be further divided into two
classes: crystalline and non-crystalline.
The traditional examples of materials are metals,
semiconductors, ceramics and polymers. New and
advanced materials that are being developed include
Nano materials, biomaterials, and energy materials
(Photovoltaic cells) to name a few.
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Materials Science–Investigating relationships that
exist between the structure and properties of
materials
Materials Science involves studying the structure of
materials, and relating them to their properties.
Once a materials scientist knows about this
structure-property correlation, they can then go on
to study the relative performance of a material in a
given application.
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Thank You
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