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Multidimensional Association Rule Mining

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
9 views13 pages

Multidimensional Association Rule Mining

Uploaded by

venimadavan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Mining Multidimensional

Association Rules
From Relational Databases and Data
Warehouses

Lecture Based on Han & Kamber (2006), Section 6.4


Introduction
• Association rule mining finds relationships among data items.
• Traditionally focused on single-dimensional transactional data.
• Multidimensional association rules mine across attributes
like age, income, location, product.
• Applicable to relational databases and data warehouses
where multiple attributes exist.

• Definition: Association rules involving more than one dimension.


• Format: (Dimension1 = value1) ^ (Dimension2 = value2) =>
(Dimension3 = value3)
Key Definitions
Term Meaning
Multidimensional Rule Involves ≥2 predicates (e.g., age, buys)
Inter-dimension Rule Distinct predicates appear only once
Hybrid-dimension Rule Repeated predicates (e.g., multiple buys)
Discrete values, finite values
Categorical Attribute
(e.g., color, occupation)
Numeric values, continuous values
Quantitative Attribute
(e.g., age, income)

age(X, "19–24") ∧ occupation(X, "student") →


buys(X, "laptop")
Three Approaches to Handling
Quantitative Attributes
Approach Description
Predefined concept hierarchies
Static Discretization
used
Quantitative Association Rules Dynamic binning during mining
Distance-Based Association Clustering based on value
Rules proximity
1. Static
Discretization of
Quantitative
Attributes
• Replace numeric values with
predefined ranges
• Uses concept hierarchies (e.g.,
income: 20K–30K → “Low”)
• Discretized attributes treated like
categorical ones
• Can use Apriori-like algorithms
or data cubes
Data Cubes for Efficient Mining
• Store aggregate values for dimensions like age, income,
buys
• Cuboids represent combinations; base cuboid = full
granularity
• Efficient support/confidence computation
2. Quantitative Association
Rules
• Discretization occurs during mining
• Focused on confidence/compactness optimization
• Example:
age(X, "30–34") ∧ income(X, "42K–48K") → buys(X, "high-res TV")

Uses grid-based clustering,


e.g., ARCS algorithm
ARCS in Data Mining - Key
Concepts
• ARCS stands for Association Rule Clustering System,
which is used to organize and interpret large sets of
association rules.
• Association Rules: Patterns like “If A and B, then C”
found in transactional data.
• Clustering: Grouping similar rules to reduce
redundancy and improve interpretability.
• Binning: Quantitative attributes are partitioned into
intervals (bins) to simplify rule generation.
ARCS Workflow
• Equal-width binning:
User-defined bin sizes for numeric attributes.
• 2D Grid Construction:
Each cell represents a bin combination with class distributions.
• Rule Generation:
Frequent predicate sets are extracted based on support and confidence.
• Clustering:
Rectangular clusters of rules are formed for better visualization and analysis.
Rule Clustering Concept
• Find close rules and merge to simplify

Cluster rules:
• age=34, income=30K–40K → buys high-res TV
• age=35, income=40K–50K → buys high-res TV

→ Combine into:
age=34–35 ∧ income=30K–50K → buys high-res TV
3. Distance-Based Association
Rules
• Use clustering algorithms to define intervals
• Based on proximity rather than exact intervals
• Measures closeness between numeric values or
multidimensional tuples.
• Rule example: If two customers are
similar in age and spending, they likely
buy similar products.
• Replace support/confidence with:
• Density Threshold
• Degree of Association
(distance-based)
Cluster-Based Rule Mining (Two-
Phase)
Phase 1:
• Apply clustering on attribute tuples
• Use diameter/density metrics
Phase 2:
• Mine rules of the form:
Cluster_A(Milk) → Cluster_B(Snacks)
Summary
• Multidimensional rules reveal rich, cross-attribute
insights
• Techniques vary by attribute type & data representation
• Data cubes and concept hierarchies boost performance
• Clustering empowers approximate and dynamic rule
discovery

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