PROFESSIONAL

PRESENTATION
By: Jonathan Justiniane
ENGINE A ship machinery space is also called the engine room; the
ENGINE ROOM (ER) is the compartment where the machinery

ROOM
for marine propulsion is located. To increase a vessel's safety
and chances of surviving damage, the machinery necessary for
the ship's operation may be segregated into various spaces. The
engine room is generally the largest physical compartment of
the machinery space. It houses the vessel's main propulsion,
usually some variations of engines. On some ships, there may
be more than one engine room, such as forward and aft, or
port or starboard engine rooms, or may be simply numbered.
DIESEL
The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine which
ignites the fuel by injecting it into hot, high-pressure air in a
combustion chamber. Internal combustion engine is an engine
that generates motive power by the burning of gasoline, oil, or
other fuel with air inside the engine, the hot gases produced

ENGINE
being used to drive a piston or do other work as they expand. In
common with all internal combustion engine the diesel engine
operates with a fixed sequence of events, which may be
achieved either in four strokes or two strokes. A stroke being
the travel of the piston between its extreme points.
DIESEL Four-stroke cycle - the four-stroke cycle is completed in
four strokes of the piston, suction stroke, compression
stroke, power (combustion) stroke and exhaust stroke.
1. Suction stroke for taking the fresh air inside the chamber

ENGINE
– which is the downward movement of the piston
2. Compression stroke to compress the air-fuel mixture –
which is an upward movement of the piston
DIESEL 3. Power stroke – in which the explosion takes place, and
the piston is pushed downwards
4. Exhaust stroke – which is an upward movement of the

ENGINE
piston to draw out used gases
MAIN
Main engine or main propulsion engine an
internal combustion engine used to turn
the ship's propeller and move the ship through
the water. Whether it is of a small ship plying in
the coastal areas or of a massive one voyaging
international water, a main engine of either 4-

ENGINE
stroke or 2-stroke is fitted onboard ship for the
propulsion purpose. They typically burn diesel
oil or heavy fuel oil and may be able to switch
between the two.
MAIN
Two-stroke cycle - the two-stroke is completed
two stroke of the piston, In a two-stroke engine,
the end of the combustion stroke and the
beginning of the compression stroke happen
simultaneously, with the intake and exhaust
(or scavenging) functions occurring at the same

ENGINE
time.
MAIN
[Link] and compression stroke – which is the
upward movement of the piston to draw fresh
air inside and to compress the air-fuel mixture
[Link] and exhaust – which is the downward
movement of the piston due to an explosion
inside the chamber followed by removal of

ENGINE
exhaust through the exhaust valve fitted on the
top of the cylinder. A stuffing box is used which
separates and seals the crankcase against the
combustion chamber.
 Fresh water generator, one of the important machinery on

FRESH
board a ship, is something that cannot be done without. Fresh
water produced from freshwater generator is used for drinking,
cooking, washing.
Fresh water is generally produced on board using the

WATER evaporation method and condensation method. There are two

GENERATOR The evaporated sea water is then again cooled by the sea water
and the cycle repeats.
 A pressure vessel used to produce steam, either

MARINE
for the main propulsion or for other machinery. A
boiler is, in general, any closed liquid-containing
vessel to which heat is applied. It is also called
steam generator as it transforms water

BOILER
into steam. Boilers generally consist of metal
shells (or bodies), headers and tubes that form
the container of the steam and water under
pressure and, in certain types, of the furnace and
passages for the hot gases.
 Boilers are one of the essential equipment

MARINE
onboard ships. Its purpose is to provide heating
to the main diesel propulsion engine, to the
bunker F.O. tanks (to make it less viscous for
transfer purposes as well as easy ignition). The

BOILER
steam generated by the boiler can also be used
for cleaning, and heating of the seawater in the
freshwater generator thus evaporating it to make
it potable water.
 A pump is a machine used to raise liquids from a low

PUMP
point to a high point, or simply a mechanical device
used to move gases or liquids from one place to
another. Alternatively, it may simply provide the liquid
with an increase in energy enabling it to flow or build
up a pressure. The pumping action can be achieved in
various ways according to the type of pump employed
 A pumping system on a ship will consist of suction
piping, a pump and discharge piping. The system is

PUMP
arranged to provide a positive pressure or head at
some point and discharge the liquid. The pump
provides the energy to develop the head and
overcome any losses in the system. Losses are mainly
due to friction within the pipes and the difference
between the initial and final liquid levels.
INCINERA
Incinerator is important machinery on board
which reduces the cost of waste disposal for
ships. It is used to burn solid and liquid wastes
produced on ships during normal operations

TOR
and is also important for reducing overall waste
from ships.
INCINER
Stricter legislation regarding pollution of the
sea, limits and, in some instances, completely
bans the discharge of untreated wastewater,
sewage, waste oil and sludge. The ultimate

ATOR
situation of no discharge can be achieved using
a suitable incinerator. When used in
conjunction with a sewage plant and with
facilities for burning oil sludge, the incinerator
forms a complete waste disposal package.
 As the name indicates, the function of oily

OILY WATER
water separator is to separate maximum
amount of oil particles from the water to be
discharged overboard from engine room or
cargo hold bilges, oil tanks and oil-

SEPARATOR
contaminated spaces. As per maritime
regulation any direct discharge of oil or oily
water mixture into the sea is prohibited, the oil
content in the water will be processed from the
Oily Water Separator.
 OIL WATER DISCHARGE REGULATION

OILY WATER For a ship with 400 GT and above, discharge of

SEPARATOR
• The ship is en route.
• The oily mixture is processed through an
oil-water separator filter meeting the
requirements of regulation.
 • After passing the oil-water separator system,

OILY WATER
the oil content of the effluent without
dilution does not exceed 15 parts per
million.
• The oily mixture does not originate from

SEPARATOR
cargo pump-room bilges on oil tankers
• In oil tanker ship, the oil-water mixture is
not mixed with oil cargo residues
• When the ship is in the Antarctic area, any
discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures
SEWAGE
TREATME
The purpose of a ship's sewage treatment
plant is to treat sewage before it is
discharged into the sea to prevent marine
pollution and protect the marine
environment from harmful pollutants. It

NT PLANT breaks down waste, removes solids and