Department of CSE(Artificial Intelligence &Machine Learning)
Academic year: 2025-26
Mini Project (BCI586) – Review 1 Presentation
AI-Based Driver Drowsiness Detection System
PROJECT TEAM:
1. AKSHITH S(1DB23CI004) GUIDE:
2. DIYA D(1DB23CI025) Dr. Rekha S
3. JAYADARSHAN C (1DB23CI033) Associate Professor
4. MANJUNATHA C (1DB23CI057) Department of CSE(AI&ML)
DBIT, Bengaluru
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Problem statement
3. Literature Survey
4. Objectives
5. Block diagram
6. Software & Hardware requirements.
7. Outcome
8. Conclusion & Future scope
9. References
INTRODUCTION
Driver fatigue and drowsiness are major causes of road accidents worldwide, leading to
severe injuries and loss of lives. Long hours of continuous driving reduce alertness and
slow down the driver’s reaction time, increasing the risk of accidents. To address this
problem, driver drowsiness detection systems are developed to monitor the driver’s state
in real time and provide early warnings.
These systems typically analyze facial features such as eye blinking rate, eyelid closure,
yawning, and head movements using computer vision and machine learning techniques.
When symptoms of drowsiness are detected, the system alerts the driver through alarms
or vibrations, thereby preventing accidents. The main objective of this project is to design
a cost-effective and efficient prototype that can be used in vehicles to enhance road safety
and protect lives.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Driver’s inattention might be the result of a lack of alertness when driving
due to driver drowsiness and distraction. Driver distraction occurs when an
object or event draws a person’s attention away from the driving task.
Unlike driver distraction, driver drowsiness involves no triggering event
but, instead, is characterized by a progressive withdrawal of attention from
the road and traffic demands. Both driver drowsiness and distraction,
however, might have the same effects, that is decreased driving
performance, longer reaction time, and an increased risk of crash
involvement
Literature Survey
PERCLOS-based technologies for detecting drowsiness
[Online]. Available : [Link]
Extensive evidence indicates that the percentage of time that the eyes are 80% closed (PERCLOS) increases
with drowsiness caused by sleep loss or circadian misalignment during vigilance tests, simulated driving, and
on-road driving. However, this is not always the case, such as under moderate drowsiness conditions, in older
adults, and during aviation-related tasks. Although PERCLOS is one of the most accurate measures for
detecting drowsiness in vigilance tests, it may not always be the most reliable indicator for detecting
drowsiness while driving or in other real-world scenarios
Design of Real-time Drowsiness Detection System using dlib
[Online]. Available : [Link]
Drowsy driver detection system is designed using Python and dlib model. This model is trained to identify 64
facial landmarks . The drowsiness features are extracted and the driver is alerted in case of drowsiness. dlib
library is used to detect and localize facial landmarks using dlib’s pre-trained facial landmark detector called
Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). In this method, frequencies of gradient direction of an image in
localized regions are used to form histograms. It is used to map the coordinates of the facial landmarks of the
input video and drowsiness detected by monitoring aspect ratios of eyes and mouth.
OBJECTIVES
• To develop a real-time Driver Drowsiness Detection System.
• To continuously monitor the driver’s facial features and body movements.
• To reduce accidents caused by driver drowsiness and fatigue.
• To alert the driver instantly using alarms or vibration signals.
• To apply computer vision and machine learning techniques for better accuracy.
• To design a cost-effective and portable prototype.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
PROJECT DESIGN/MODEL
1. Input Module
Camera/Webcam: Captures real-time video of the driver’s face.
2. Pre-processing Module
• Converts video frames into grayscale for faster processing.
• Noise reduction and face detection to isolate the driver’s face.
3. Feature Extraction Module
• Uses Facial Landmark Detection (e.g., Dlib, OpenCV) to identify eyes, mouth, and head
position.
• Calculates Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) to measure eye closure duration.
• Detects Yawning by monitoring mouth aspect ratio.
• Monitors Head Tilt and Nodding Movements.
4. Drowsiness Detection Module (AI Model)
• Machine Learning/Deep Learning Algorithms analyze extracted features.
• Classifies the driver’s state as Alert or Drowsy.
• Threshold-based decision-making (e.g., if eyes remain closed > 2–3 seconds →
drowsiness alert).
5. Alert System
• Audio Alarm (buzzer/beep).
• Visual Warning (dashboard light/notification).
• SMS Alert
6. Output/Result Module
• Displays driver status: Awake / Drowsy.
SOFTWARE & HARDWARE
REQUIREMENTS
Software Requirements
OpenCV → real-time image & video processing, face detection, frame capture.
dlib → facial landmark detection (eyes, mouth, head pose).
SciPy → numerical operations & feature calculations (e.g., Eye Aspect Ratio)..
Programming language
python-> Visual code or Pycham
Hardware Reqiurements
Webcam / Smartphone camera → captures driver’s face in real time.
Laptop / PC (with GPU if available) → runs the detection algorithm.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
• Detects driver drowsiness in real time using AI and computer vision.
• Continuously monitors eye closure, yawning, and head movements.
• Generates instant alerts (sound/vibration/visual) when fatigue is detected.
• Reduces chances of road accidents caused by driver sleepiness.
• Provides a cost-effective, and scalable solution for vehicles.
CONCLUSION
Combining computer vision and machine learning through tools like dlib and
OpenCV allows us to create drowsiness detection systems. These systems have
great potential. The ability to prevent accidents and save lives makes this
technology highly desirable across many fields, including transportation and
healthcare. With ongoing advancements, drowsiness detection systems will
become more reliable, and efficient. This will lead to safer environments on the
road and at work.
FUTURE SCOPE
• Advanced alerts (seat vibration, auto-braking, lane correction).
• Deployment in night-time and low-light conditions using infrared cameras.
• Expansion to autonomous vehicles for self-corrective driving.
REFERENCES
• A Review of Recent Developments in Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems [Online]. Available:
[Link]
• Driver Drowsiness Detection using Percentage Eye Closure Method [Online]. Available:
[Link]
• Bus Driver Fatigue Monitoring And Accident Alert System Based On Analysis Of Eye State
[Link]
•[Singh, M., & Pankaj, R. (2022)A Review of Driver Drowsiness Detection Techniques:
Physiological, Behavioral and Vehicle-based Approaches
[Link]
•[Wang, H., et al. (2022). SleepyWheels: A Lightweight Driver Drowsiness Detection Model using
EfficientNetV2 and Facial Landmarks.
[Link]
• PERCLOS-based technologies for detecting drowsiness
[Online]. Available : [Link]
• Design of Real-time Drowsiness Detection System using dlib
[Online]. Available [Link]