THE INFORMATION AGE

GROUP 1
INTRIDUCTION

Highly modernized, automated, data-driven, and

technologically advanced- these best describe our
society nowadays, as evidence by how information
could be transferred or shared quickly. The different
areas of society have been influenced tremendously
such as communication, economics, industry, health,
and the environment.

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INFORMATION

Information is “knowledge communicated or obtained

concerning a specific fact or circumstances”. Hence,
information is a very important tool for survival.

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THE INFORMATION AGE

• The Information Age is defined as a “period starting in the last quarter of

the 20th century when information became effortlessly accessible through
publications and through the management of information by computers
and computer networks”
• The Information Age is also called the Digital Age and the New Media Age
because it was associated with the development of computers.
• James R. Messenger, who proposed the Theory of Information Age in
1982, "the Information Age is a true new age based upon the
interconnection of computers via telecommunications, with these
information systems operating on both a real-time and as-needed basis.

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HISTORY

YEAR EVENT
3000 BC Sumerian writing system used pictographs to represent words
2900 BC Beginnings of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing
1300 BC Tortoise shell and oracle bone writing were used
500 BC Papyrus roll was used
220 BC Chinese small seal writing was developed
100 AC Book (parchment codex)
105 AC Woodblock printing and paper was invented by the Chinese
1455 Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press using movable metal type
1755 Samuel Johnson’s dictionary standardized English spelling
1802 • The library of congress was established
• Invention of the carbon arc lamp

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HISTORY

YEAR EVENT
1824 Research on persistence of vision published
1830s • First viable design for a digital computer
• Augusta Lady Byron writes the world’s first computer program
1837 Invention of the telegraph in Great Britain and the United States
1861 Motion pictures were projected onto a screen
1876 Dewey Decimal system was introduced
1877 Eadweard Muybridge demonstrated high-speed photography
1899 First magnetic recordings were released
1902 Motion picture special effects were used
1906 Lee DeForest invented the electronic amplifying tube (triode)
1923 Television camera tube was invented by Zvorkyn

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HISTORY

YEAR EVENT
1926 First practical sound movie
1939 Regularly scheduled television broadcasting began in the US
1940s Beginnings of information science as a discipline
1945 Vannevar Bush foresaw the invention of hypertext
1946 ENIAC computer was developed
1948 Birth of field-of-information theory proposed by Claude E. Shannon
1957 Planar transistor was developed by Jean Hoerni
1958 First integrated circuit
1960s Library of Congress developed LC MARC (machine-readable code)
1969 UNIX operating system was developed, which could handle multitasking

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HISTORY

YEAR EVENT
1971 Intel introduced the first microprocessor chip
1972 Optical laserdisc was developed by Philips and MCA
1974 MCA and Philips agreed on a standard videodisc encoding format
1975 Altair Microcomputer Kit was released: first personal computer for the public
1977 RadioShack introduced the first complete personal computer
1984 Apple Macintosh computer was introduced
Mid 1980s Artificial intelligence was separated from information science
1987 Hypercard was developed by Bill Atkinson recipe box metaphor
1991 Four hundred fifty complete works of literature on one CDROM was released
January 1997 RSA (encryption and network security software) Internet security code
cracked for a 48-bit number.

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HISTORY

• As man evolved, information and its dissemination has also evolved in

many ways. Eventually, we no longer kept them to ourselves; instead, we
share them and manage them in different means.

• Richard Wurman called it "Information Anxiety." In the 1990s, information

became the currency in the business world. In the present generation,
there is no doubt that information has turned out to be a commodity, an
overdeveloped product, mass-produced, and unspecialized.

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In his article "Truths of the Information Age" (n.d.), Robert Harris
detailed some facts on the Information Age:

1. Information must compete.

2. Newer is equated with truer.
3. Selection is a viewpoint.
4. The media sells what the culture buys.
5. The early word gets the perm.
6. You are what you eat and so is your brain.
7. Anything in great demand will be counterfeited.
8. Ideas are seen as controversial.
9. Undead information walks ever on.
10. Media presence creates the story.
11. The medium selects the message.
12. The whole truth is a pursuit.
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COMPUTER

A computer is an electronic device that stores and processes

data (information).

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 TYPES OF COMPUTER

Computers are associated with numerous terms and [Link] people suggest the
dimensions, intended use, or the computer's power.

1. PERSONAL COMPUTER (PC)

It is a single-user instrument. PCs were

first known as microcomputers since
they were a complete computer but built
on a smaller scale than the enormous
systems operated by most businesses.

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 TYPES OF COMPUTER

Computers are associated with numerous terms and [Link] people suggest the
dimensions, intended use, or the computer's power.

2. DESKTOP COMPUTER

A desktop computer that has a more

powerful processor, additional memory,
and enhanced capabilities for performing
special group of tasks, such as 3D
graphics or game. development.

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 TYPE OF COMPUTER

3. LAPTOPS

These are portable computers that

integrate the essentials of a desktop
computer in a battery-powered package.

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 TYPE OF COMPUTER

4. PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANTS (PDAS)

These are tightly integrated computers

that usually have no keyboards but rely
on a touch screen for user input.

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 TYPE OF COMPUTER

5. SERVER

It refers to a computer that has been

improved to provide network services to
another computer.

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 TYPE OF COMPUTER

6. MAINFRAMES

They are used especially by large firms to

describe the large, expensive machines
that process millions of transactions
every day.

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 TYPE OF COMPUTER

7. WEARABLE COMPUTERS

They involve materials that are usually

integrated into cell phones, watches, and
other small objects or places.

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THE WORLD WIDE WEB (INTERNET)
Several historians trace the origin of the Internet to Claude
[Link], an American Mathematician who was considered as the
"Father of Information Theory."
The Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected networks that
facilitate data transmission among innumerable computers. It was
developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense.
One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone lines
could only transmit information at a limited rate. Companies like
Intel developed faster microprocessors so personal computers
could process the incoming signals at a more rapid rate.

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THE WORLD WIDE WEB (INTERNET)

Sergey Brin and Larry Page, directors of a Stanford research project,

built a search engine that listed results to reflect page popularity
when they determined that the most popular result would
frequently be the most usable.
Back then, new forms of communication were also
[Link] mail, or email, was a suitable way to send a
message to fellow workers, business partners, or friends.

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THE WORLD WIDE WEB (INTERNET)
Sergey Consequently, companies whose businesses are built on digitized
muformation have become valuable and powerful in a relatively short
period of time; the current Information Age has spawned its own breed of
wealthy influential brokers, from Microsoft's Bill Gates to Apple's Steve
Jobe to Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg.
On one hand, the unregulated and loose nature of the Internet allowed
pornography to be broadcast to millions of homes. Protecting children
from these influences or even from meeting violent predators would
prove to be difficult. Nowadays, crimes in various forms are rampant
because of the use of social media. Cyberbullying is an issue that poses
alarm worldwide. Consequently, we need to be aware of the possible
harm and damage due to abuse of these advances in the Information
Age.

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APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERS IN SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH

•One of the significant applications of computers for

science and research is evident in the field of
bioinformatics.
•Early interest in bioinformatics was established
because of a need to create databases of biological
sequences.

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APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERS IN SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH

•Pharmaceutical industry's point of view,

bioinformatics is the key to rational drug discovery.
•In plant biotechnology, bioinformatics is found to
be useful in the areas of identifying diseases
resistance genes and designing plants with high
nutrition value.

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APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERS IN SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH

•Examples of tool or software designed for the analysis

of biological sequences:
BLAST - used for comparing sequences
Annotator - an interactive genome analysis tool
Gene Finder - tool to identify coding regions and splice
sites

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HOW TO CHECK THE RELIABILITY OF WEB SOURCES

The Internet contains a vast collection of highly valuable

information, but it may also contain unreliable, biased
information that mislead people. The following
guidelines can help us check the reliability of web sources
that we gather. It is noteworthy to consider and apply the
following guidelines to avoid misinformation.

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HOW TO CHECK THE
RELIABILITY OF WEB
SOURCES

1. WHO IS THE AUTHOR Look for an "About" or "More About the Author" link at the top,
OF THE ARTICLE/ SITE?
bottom, or sidebar of the webpage.

✓Does the author provide his or her credentials?

✓ What type of expertise does he or she have on the subject he

or she is writing about? Does he or she indicate what his or her
education is?

✓What type of experience does he or she have? Should you trust

his or her knowledge of the subject?
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HOW TO CHECK THE
RELIABILITY OF WEB
SOURCES

2. WHO PUBLISHED THE

SITE?
✓Look at the domain name of the website that will tell you
who is hosting the site. For instance, the Lee College
Library website is: [Link] library. The
domain name is "[Link]." This tells you that the library
website is hosted by Lee College.

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HOW TO CHECK THE
RELIABILITY OF WEB
SOURCES

✓ Search the domain name at [Link] The site provides

2. WHO PUBLISHED THE
SITE? information about the owners of registered domain names. Do not ignore
the suffix on the domain name (the three-letter part that comes after the
"."). The suffix is usually (but not always) descriptive of what type of entity
hosts the website.

Examples:

.edu=educational .com= commercial

.mil=military .gov=government

.org=nonprofit
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HOW TO CHECK THE
RELIABILITY OF WEB
SOURCES

3. WHAT IS THE MAIN

PURPOSE OF THE SITE? Why did the author write it and why did the
publisher post it?

•To sell a product?

•As a personal hobby?

•To provide general information on a topic.

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HOW TO CHECK THE
RELIABILITY OF WEB
SOURCES

4. WHO IS THE
INTENDED AUDIENCE? •Scholars or the general public?

•Which age group is it written for?

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HOW TO CHECK THE
RELIABILITY OF WEB
SOURCES

5. WHAT IS THE QUALITY •Timeliness: When was the website first

OF INFORMATION
PROVIDED ON THE published? Is it regularly updated? Check for
WEBSITE? dates at the bottom of each page on the site.

•Does the author cite sources? Just as in print

sources, web sources that cite their sources are
considered more reliable.

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EXAMPLES OF USEFUL AND RELIABLE WEB SOURCES

1. American Memory – The Library of Congress historical digital

collection.
2. Bartleby. com Great Books Online – A collection of free e-
books.
3. Chronicling America – Search and view American newspapers
from 1880–1922.
4. Cyber Bullying Resources – Free e-books on understanding
and preventing cyberbullying.

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EXAMPLES OF USEFUL AND RELIABLE WEB SOURCES
5. National Library of Medicine’s MedlinePlus – Medical
information.
6. Drugs. com – Drug information resources.
7. Google Books
8. Googlescholar. com
9. Avalon Project – Documents in law, history, and diplomacy from
Yale Law School.
10. Internet Modern History Sourcebook – Colonial Latin American
history.

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EXAMPLES OF USEFUL AND RELIABLE WEB SOURCES

11. Illinois Digital Archives – Digital materials related to Illinois

history.
12. Internet Archive – A digital library of cultural artifacts.
13. Internet Public Library (ipl2) – Merged librarians’ index and
internet resources.
14. Maps from University of Texas at Austin – Historical and
thematic maps.
15. Project Gutenberg – A large collection of free e-books.

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HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

The Information Age, also known as the Computer

Age or New Media Age, began in the 1970s and
continues today. It marks a shift from traditional
industries to an economy centered around
information technology, enabling easier access to
knowledge.

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THE ERA CONSISTS OF FOR KEY PERIODS

1. PRE- MECHANICAL (3000 BC- 1450 AD)

[Link] (1450-1840)

3. ELECTRO-MECHANICAL (1840-1940)

4. ELECTRO/ INFORMATION (1940- PRESENT)

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Key figures in this evolution include Blaise Pascal, Alexander Graham Bell, Steve
Wozniak, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. By the late 1980s, personal computers became
widespread, connecting users to information via modems.

The internet was developed in the 1970s for scientific communication, overcoming
speed limitations with fiber-optic technology. The 1990s saw the rise of the World Wide
Web for commercial use, enabling online shopping and access to research data. Claude
Shannon is considered the Father of the Information Age for his contributions to
information theory.

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Key figures in this evolution include Blaise Pascal, Alexander Graham Bell,
Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. By the late 1980s, personal
computers became widespread, connecting users to information via
modems.

The internet was developed in the 1970s for scientific communication,

overcoming speed limitations with fiber-optic technology. The 1990s saw
the rise of the World Wide Web for commercial use, enabling online
shopping and access to research data. Claude Shannon is considered the
Father of the Information Age for his contributions to information theory.

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LIVING IN THE INFORMATION AGE
EFFECTS/ IMPACTS

• Technology is increasingly playing a crucial role in the success of

organizations particularly in schools in this information age. The
impact of IT has been enormous on various domains including
education. Computers and the information they process, and store
have transformed every aspects of the society.
• IT is composed of computer, networks, mobile and wireless devices,
satellite communications, robotics, videotext, cable televisions,
electronic mail (email), electronic gadget and automated office
equipment.

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1. GLOBALIZATION 3. COST EFFECTIVENESS
It has brought the world closer together, led to It has led to computerization of business
sharing information more quickly and processes and increased productivity that
efficiently and enabled countries to share ideas gave more profits, better pay and working
and information with each other. conditions.

2. COMMUNICATION 4. CREATION OF NEW JOBS

It has made communication cheaper, quicker It has led to the opening of opportunity for
and more efficient. The use of the internet computer programmers, system analysts,
opened face-to-face communication from hardware and software developers and web
different part of the world. designers.

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SUMMARY

• The Information Age, also known as the Computer Age ,

Digital Age or New Media Age is a historic period in the
21st century.
• The driving force behind changes and new options
given to us is an innovation called the internet.
• Educational opportunities were greatly enhanced
because of the wealth of knowledge now placed at the
fingertips.

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THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

GROUP 1