Raspberry Pi
Exercise on subnetting
Subnetting
• Given: [Link]/14
• Calculate:
• Network address
• Broadcast address
• Number of host addresses
Raspberry Pi 3
Subnets /14
110 120 130 140
IP binary 0110 1110 0111 1000 1000 0010 1000 1100
SNM binary 1111 1111 1111 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000
SNM dec 255 252 0 0
NWA binary 0110 1110 0111 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 110 120 0 0
BC binary 0110 1110 0111 1011 1111 1111 1111 1111
BC dec 110 123 255 255
Raspberry Pi 4
Subnets /14
• Given: [Link]/14
• Devide in (min.) 63 subnets
• New subnet mask?
• Hosts/subnet?
• Broadcast address of the first subnet?
• Network address of the last subnet?
Raspberry Pi 5
Subnets
• 63 subnets -> 26=64
• 14 + 6 = 20 (original SNM + 6)
• We borrow 6 host bits
• New subnet mask is /20 or [Link]
• Hosts/subnet
• 32 - 20 = 12 (host bits)
• 212 - 2 = 4094
• Subnet exercise [Link]/20
• Broadcast address of the first subnet?
• Network address of the last subnet?
Raspberry Pi 6
Subnets /20
110 120 130 140
IP binary 0110 1110 0111 1000 1000 0010 1000 1100
SNM dec 255 255 240 0
SNM binary 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000
NWA binary 1 0110 1110 0111 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 1 110 120 0 0
BC binary 1 0110 1110 0111 1000 0000 1111 1111 1111
BC dec 1 110 120 15 255
Raspberry Pi 7
Subnets /20
110 120 130 140
IP binary 0110 1110 0111 1000 1000 0010 1000 1100
SNM dec 255 255 240 0
SNM binary 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000
NWA binary 1 0110 1110 0111 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 1 110 120 0 0
BC binary 1 0110 1110 0111 1000 0000 1111 1111 1111
BC dec 1 110 120 15 255
NWA binary 2 0110 1110 0111 1000 0001 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 2 110 120 16 0
BC binary 2 0110 1110 0111 1000 0001 1111 1111 1111
BC dec 2 110 120 31 255
Raspberry Pi 8
Subnets /20
110 120 130 140
IP binary 0110 1110 0111 1000 1000 0010 1000 1100
SNM dec 255 255 240 0
SNM binary 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000
NWA binary 3 0110 1110 0111 1000 0010 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 3 110 120 32 0
BC binary 3 0110 1110 0111 1000 0010 1111 1111 1111
BC dec3 110 120 47 255
…
Raspberry Pi 9
Subnets /20
110 120 130 140
IP binary 0110 1110 0111 1000 1000 0010 1000 1100
SNM dec 255 255 240 0
SNM binary 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000
NWA binary 3 0110 1110 0111 1000 0010 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 3 110 120 32 0
BC binary 3 0110 1110 0111 1000 0010 1111 1111 1111
BC dec3 110 120 47 255
…
NWA binary 64 0110 1110 0111 1011 1111 0000 0000 0000
NWA dec 64 110 123 240 0
BC binary 64 0110 110 0111 1011 1111 1111 1111 1111
BC dec 64 110 123 255 255
Raspberry Pi 10
Subnets
• Given: [Link]/14 = host address
• Network: [Link]
• Broadcast: [Link]
• Split in (min.) 63 subnets
• New subnet mask? [Link]
• Hosts/subnet? 2^12 – 2 = 4094
• Broadcast address of the first subnet? [Link]
• Network address of last subnet? [Link]
Raspberry Pi 11
Situation
12
Module setup
Raspberry Pi 13
Help?
• Labs = chaos
• Long wait?
• If you can, help your fellow student
• Thanks!
Raspberry Pi 14
Raspberry Pi
Eben Upton
•@EbenUpton
•Creator of the Raspberry Pi
•Co-founder and CEO of Raspberry Pi
•System-on-chip architect at Broadcom
Raspberry Pi 16
Raspberry Pi 17
Some numbers on Raspberry Pi
• 2022 = 10 years of Raspberry Pi
• February 2024, Raspberry Pi had reached 61 million total units sold since launch in
2012
• 3e most popular platform
• After the PC and Apple
Raspberry Pi 18
Target group
• Education
• Used to cost 35$ …
- 2GB RAM model: $50 USD
- 4GB RAM model: $60 USD
- 8GB RAM model: $75 USD
- 16GB RAM model: $120 USD
• Introduction to computers
• Learn to program
• Electronics
• …
Raspberry Pi 19
Raspberry Pi 20
Raspberry Pi 21
Raspberry Pi 5 Raspberry Pi 4
SoC Broadcom BCM2712 Broadcom BCM2711
— CPU Quad-Core Cortex-A76 (ARM v8) 64-bit @ 2.4 GHz Quad core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit @ 1.8 GHz
Recent
models — GPU VideoCore VII @ 800 MHz VideoCore VI @ 500 MHz
Supports: OpenGL ES 3.1, Vulkan 1.2 Supports: OpenGL ES 3.1, Vulkan 1.0
2 x 4kp60 MINI HDMI Display Output 2 x 4kp60 Mini HDMI
Display Output Both can use 4kp60 One at 4Kp30 when both in use
Memory LPDDR4X-4267 SDRAM LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM
4GB, or 8GB 1GB, 2GB, 4GB or 8GB
Storage Micro SD (SDR104 Compatible) Micro SD
M.2 NVME SSD Support via HAT
GPIO 40 PIN – Compatible with old Raspberry Pi HAT’s 40 PIN
2 x USB 2.0 2 x USB 2.0
USB 2x USB 3.0 @ 5 Gbps 2 x USB 3.0
2 x 4-lane MIPI camera / display transceivers
PCIe 2.0 x1 Interface 2-lane MIPI DSI Display Port
Connectors UART Breakout 2-lane MIPI CSI Camera Port
RTC Clock Power 4-Pole Stereo Audio and Composite Video Port
4-Pin FAN Power
Dual-Band 802.11ac Dual-Band 802.11ac
Bluetooth 5 / BLE Bluetooth 5 / BLE
Networking Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet
PoE via POE + Hat (Incompatible with old version) PoE via POE + Hat
Power Button Soft power button None
Raspberry Pi 5V 4A via USB-C Port 5V 3A via USB-C Port 22
Power Input PoE via POE+ HAT (Incompatible with old version) POE via POE+ HAT
5V via GPIO 5V via GPIO
ARM processor
• Synology DS118
• Realtek RTD1296
• Quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 1400MHz
• 1 GB RAM
Raspberry Pi 23
ARM processor
• Motorola E5 Play
• Qualcomm Snapdragon 425
• Quad Core ARM Cortex A53 1400MHz
• 1GB RAM 667MHz
Raspberry Pi 24
Raspberry Pi 25
Raspberry Pi Zero W
• 65mm x 30mm form factor
• 1GHz quad-core 64-bit Arm Cortex-A53 CPU
• 512MB SDRAM
• 2.4GHz 802.11 b/g/n wireless LAN
• Bluetooth 4.2, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), onboard antenna
• Mini HDMI port and micro USB On-The-Go (OTG) port
• microSD card slot
• CSI-2 camera connector
• HAT-compatible 40-pin header footprint (unpopulated)
• H.264, MPEG-4 decode (1080p30); H.264 encode (1080p30)
• Micro USB power
Raspberry Pi 26
Raspberry Pi Pico W
• 21mm × 51mm form factor
• RP2040 microcontroller chip designed by Raspberry Pi in the UK
• Dual-core Arm Cortex-M0+ processor, flexible clock running up to 133 MHz
• 264kB on-chip SRAM
• 2MB on-board QSPI flash
• 2.4GHz 802.11n wireless LAN (Raspberry Pi Pico W and WH only)
• 26 multifunction GPIO pins, including 3 analogue inputs
• 2 × UART, 2 × SPI controllers, 2 × I2C controllers, 16 × PWM channels
• 1 × USB 1.1 controller and PHY, with host and device support
• 8 × Programmable I/O (PIO) state machines for custom peripheral support
• Supported input power 1.8–5.5V DC
Raspberry Pi 27
Raspberry Pi Compute Module
Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 IO Board
Raspberry Pi 28
Raspberry Pi 400
• November 2020
Raspberry Pi 29
Raspberry Pi for industry
Raspberry Pi 30
Camera Desktop
Media
Controller
Center
Arcade
Music
Player
Server
Smart
home
Electronics
NAS
controller IoT
Raspberry Pi 31
PiNet
Raspberry Pi 32
Raspberry Pi 33
Installation
• Raspberry Pi Imager
• Download & install the tool
• Write the Raspberry Pi OS
to your micro SD card
• Safely remove the SD card
from your laptop
• Put the SD card into your RPi and
power on
• Booting the Raspberry Pi with your freshly written micro SD card
Raspberry Pi 34
Raspberry Pi OS
• Keep your installation by hand!
• Do not overwrite for another lab.
• Use another SD card
• Take a backup
• The Raspberry Pi OS is family of Debian
• Pay attention to the differences!
• The network setting are
(unfortunately) different.
Raspberry Pi 35
Win32 Disk Imager
• Take a backup !!!
• 16GB SD card=16GB disk space!!!
Raspberry Pi 36
Network setup – With the Mikrotik broadband router
• LAN: Connect your laptop & Raspberry Pi to your Mikrotik broadband router
(ports 2 to 5)
• WAN: Make a connection between the port 1 (Internet) and the table connection
• We manage the Mikrotik router through the web interface
• Browse to your Mikrotik router: [Link]
• Via IP->DHCP->Leases, detect the IP addresses of the Raspberry PI (and laptop)
• We do NOT configure a WiFi network yet
Raspberry Pi 37
Network setup – Directly connected to your laptop
• Put the network cable into your laptop
• Ping infinite to <hostname>.local
• If the ping fails, try again
• After a successful ping, press Ctrl-C to stop the ping
• Make a SSH session thru PuTTY with your RPi
• Use <hostname>.local
Raspberry Pi 38
Putty
• Connecting via SSH to your RPi
Raspberry Pi 39
apt
• Updates
• Cfr. Debian
Raspberry Pi 40
Users and Groups
• Adding a new user
• Creating a new group
Raspberry Pi 41
File transfer
WinSCP
Raspberry Pi 42
Webserver
Install
• Apache2
• PHP
• MariaDB
• phpMyAdmin
Raspberry Pi 43
Challenges
• Scripting
• Every 15”
• Now it’s xx:xx o’clock + write current time to file /var/log/MyLog
• Docker
• Software containerization
• Home Assistant
• Open source platform voor automatisatie van IoT devices
Raspberry Pi 44