Chapter-1
integers
MADE BY- AKSHAT KUSHWAHA
CLASS- ROLL NO. - 4
INTEGERS
We Have Learnt About Integers .
Integers Are The Collection Of
Negative Numbers And Whole
Numbers , Which Are The
Collection Of Natural Numbers
And Zero .
PROPERTIES OF
ADDITION and
Closure under addition
subtraction OF INTGERS
We Know That The Sum Of Two Whole Numbers
Is Again A Whole Number. For Example, 26+37=6
3
Which Is Again A Whole Number. We Know That
This Property Is Known As The Closure Property
For Addition Of Whole Numbers. Let Us See If
This Property Works For Integers Or Not With The
Help Of Some Examples.
Sr.
No. Statement Answer Observati
on
1 10+(-72) = -62 The Result Is An
Integer
2 -35+45 = 10 The Result Is An
Integer
3 -76+(-54) = -130 The Result Is An
Integer
4 67+(-69) = -2 The Result Is An
Integer
5 56+(-23) = 33 The Result Is An
Integer
• For Any Integer a And b, a + b is an integer.
• Integers Are Closed Under Addition.
Closure under subtraction
Let Us See That The Same Property Works For Subtraction
Of Integers Or Not, With The Help Of A Chart
Sr. No. Statemen Answer Observation
t
1) 7-9= -2 The Result Is An Integer
2) 15-(-32)= 47 The Result Is An Integer
3) -72-(-54)= -18 The Result Is An Integer
4) -22-5= -27 The Result Is An Integer
• From The We Can Conclude That, If a And
b Are Two Integers Then a-b is also an
Integer.
• Integers Are Closed Under Subtraction
COMMUTATIVE
PROPERTY
FOR addition
• For Any Two Integers a and ba+b = b+a
• Example-> 1) 1+2 = 2+1 = 3
2) -4+3 = 3+(-4) = -1
• Addition Is Commutative For Integers.
FOR
subtraction
• Subtraction Is Not Commutative for
Integers
• Examples-> 1-2 = 2-1 -> (-1)≠1
7-2 = 2-7 -> 5≠(-5)
ASSOCIATIVE
PROPERTY
(This Property Only Works For Addition)
• For Any Integers a , b and c a+
(b+c)=(a+b)
• Examples -> 2+(3+4) = (2+3)+4
+c
=> 2+7 = 5+4
=> 9 = 9
-> 6+[(-2)+3] = [6+(-2)]+3
=> 6 + 1 = 4 + 3
Additive identity
• For Any Integer a : a+0 = a =
0+a
• Examples->57+0 = 57
-29+0 = -29
34+0 = 34
multiplication OF
INTGERS
Multiplication of a positive and a negative
integer
To Multiply a Positive Integer With A Negative
Integer First We Multiply The Numbers Normally
And Then Add a Minus Sign (-) In The Product.
ax(-b)=(-a)xb=-
For Any Two Integers a And b (axb)
Examples-> 1) 5x(-3) = -15
2)42x(-5) = -210
Multiplication of two
negative integers
To Multiply Two Negative Integers We
Multiply The Numbers Normally , Then We
Remove The Minus Sign(-) From The Product.
Examples-> 1) -34 x (-3) = 102
2) -4 x (-65) = 260
3) -6 x (-50) = 300
PROPERTIES OF
multiplication OF INTGERS
Closure under multiplication
• For All Integers a and b, a x b Is An
Integer
• Integers Are Closed Under Multiplication.
• Examples-> 4 x 3 = 12
5 x (-34) = -170
-9 x (-23) = 207
COMMUTAVITY OF
multiplication axb=bxa
• For Any Integers a and b ,
• Integers Are Commutative Under
Multiplication.
• Examples-> (1)-34 x 5 = -170
5 x (-34) = -170
(2) 7x 54 = 378
54 x 7 = 378
ASS0CIATOVITY OF
multiplication
• For Any Three Integers a , b and c(axb)xc =
ax(bxc)
• Examples -> (2x4)x(-3) = 2x [4x(-3)]
=> 8 x (-3) = 2 x -12
=> (-24) = (-24)
Distributive property
• For Any Integers a,b and cax(b+c) =
axb+axc
• Examples-> 4x (-2+3) = 4x(-2) +
4x3
=> 4x 1 = -8 + 12
=> 4 = 4
Multiplication by
zero ax0=0xa=0
• For Any Integer a
• Examples -> 2x 0 = 0
-54 x 0 = 0
Multiplicative identity
• For Any Integer a We Have
ax1=1xa=
a
• Examples -> -465 x 1 = (-465)
54 x 1 = 54
-43 x 1 = (-43)
DIVISION OF
INTGERS
DIVISION of a positive and a negative
integer
When We Divide A Positive Integer By Negative
Integer, First We Divide Them As Whole And Then
Put A Minus Sign (-) Before The Quotient.
a÷(-b)=(-a)÷b
For Any Two Integers a and b where b≠0
Examples -> 12÷(-2) = -6
(-12)÷2 = -6
division of two negative
integers
When We Divide A Negative Integer By
Negative Integer, First We Divide Them As
Whole And Then Put A Positive Sign (+)
Before The Quotient.
(-a)÷(-b)= a÷b
For Any Two Integers a And b
where b≠0
Examples -> (-45)÷(-5) = 9
(-72)÷(-9) = 8
PROPERTIES OF division OF
INTGERS
Division Is Not Commutative For
Integers
Examples -> 48÷(-24) = 2
(-24)÷48 = =
48÷(-24) ≠ (-24)÷ 48
PROPERTIES OF division OF
INTGERS
For Any Integer a, a÷0 Is Not Defined But
0÷a = 0
Example -> -7÷0 = Undefined 0÷(-7) = 0
For Any Integer a, a÷0 = a
Examples -> (-8)÷1 = -8 -45÷1 = -45
For Any Integer a, a÷(-1) = -a
Examples -> 43÷(-1) = (-43) 645÷(-1) = (-
645)