A
PRESENTATION
ON
STAIR
AND
IT’S ELEMENT
Prepared By: Amrit Chalise
ACE078BCE017
STAIRS
A stairs is defined as set of steps
suitably
arranged for the purpose of connecting
floors of a building.
It is an easy convenient means of access
between the floors of building.
Stairs are constructed to provide easy,
comfortable and safe ascent/descent with
series of steps that are neither laborious
nor difficult to climb within an enclosure
called stair-case.
The opening or space occupied by the
stair is known as stairway. Stairs may be
made from timber, bricks, stone, metal
and plain as well as reinforcement cement
concrete.
FUNCTION OF STAIRS
• Stairs provide access between different
levels of a building, allowing people to
move up and down efficiently.
• Stairs serve as an alternative exit during
emergencies, especially when elevators are
not operational.
• When designed correctly, stairs provide a
safe and comfortable way to navigate
between levels, reducing reliance on
mechanical lifts.
• Stairs can act as a physical barrier or
transition point between different areas,
such as separating public and private spaces
in a building.
ELEMENTS OF STAIRS
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The tread is an upper horizontal portion of
the step on which the foot is placed while
ascending or descending a stairway.
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This is a vertical member that connects the
two consecutive treads of a stairway. It
provides support to the tread.
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A continuous, uninterrupted series of steps
between two landings. Usually limited to
12–16 steps to ensure ease of use and
reduce fatigue
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A horizontal resting platform at the top,
bottom, or between flights.
Provides a space for users to pause and
change direction if necessary.
Required for staircases with long flights for
comfort and safety.
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A rail fixed at a convenient height for users
to hold onto while ascending or
descending.
Can be made from wood, metal, or glass.
Should be ergonomically designed for a
comfortable grip.
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Vertical supports that hold the handrail in
place and prevent people from falling.
Spaced evenly along the staircase.
Available in various designs for aesthetic
and functional purposes.
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A strong vertical post at the start, end, and
turning points of a staircase.
Provides stability and support for the
handrail.
Usually larger and more decorative than
balusters.
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The slightly extended front edge of a tread,
projecting beyond the riser.
Enhances safety by improving grip and
reducing foot slippage.
Often fitted with anti-slip materials.
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The horizontal distance between two
consecutive risers, measured from one
nosing to the next is going.
The vertical between two successive tread
faces is rise.
.
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It is the moulding provided under the
nosing to improve the elevation, the steps
and to provide strength to nosing.
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Total length of the stairs in a horizontal
plane including the landings.
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Radiating steps for changing direction of a
stair.
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The inclined structural support that runs
along either side of the staircase.
Holds the treads and risers in place.
Can be open (visible) or closed (hidden
within a wall).
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The vertical clearance between the top of a
tread and the ceiling above.
Minimum headroom is usually around 2.1
meters (7 feet) for comfortable movement.
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It is an imaginary line touching the nosing
of each tread and is parallel to the slope of
stairs.
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The angle of inclination of the staircase,
typically between 30° to 45°.
Affects the ease use of steeper stairs are
harder to climb, while too gentle a slope
increases the length of the staircase.
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The underside or bottom surface of a
staircase.
Often left exposed or finished with plaster
or other materials for aesthetic purposes..