CHAPTER2

គណនេយ្យសម្រាប់

សហកម្មសិទ្ធិ
១. កំណត់លក្ខណៈនៃទំរង់សហកម្មសិទ្ធិរបស់អង្គការ
អាជីវកម្ម។
២.​ពន្យល់ពីបញ្ជីគណនេយ្យសម្រាប់ការបង្កើតសហកម្មសិទិ្ធ។
៣. កំណត់មូលដ្ឋានសម្រាប់បែងចែកប្រាក់ចំណូលសុទ្ធឬ
ការបាត់បង់សុទ្ធ។
៤. ពិពណ៌នាទម្រង់និងមាតិកានៃរបាយការណ៍ហិរញ្ញវត្ថុរបស់
សហកម្មសិទ្ធិ។
12-1
 Partnership Form of Organization

សហកម្មសិទ្ធិ (Partnership), សមាគមនៃមនុស្ស

ពីរឬច្រើននាក់ដើម្បីធ្វើជាសហម្ចាស់នៃ
អាជីវកម្មដើម្បីរកប្រាក់ចំណេញ។
ប្រភេទអាជីវកម្ម (Type of Business):
 Small retail, service, or manufacturing
companies.
 Accountants, lawyers, and doctors.

SO 1 Identify the characteristics of the partnership

12-2 form of business organization.
 Partnership Form of Organization

Characteristics of Partnerships
អាយុកាលមានកំណត់ (Limited Life)
 ការរំលាយកើតឡើងរាល់ពេលដែលដៃគូរដកខ្លួនឬដៃគូ
ថ្មីត្រូវបានទទួលយក។
 ការរំលាយមិនមែនមានន័យថាអាជីវកម្មបញ្ចប់។

បំណុលមិនកំណត់ (Unlimited Liability)

 ដៃគូម្នាក់ៗត្រូវទទួលខុសត្រូវដោយផ្ទាល់និង
បុគ្គលចំពោះបំណុលភាពជាដៃគូទាំងអស់.

SO 1 Identify the characteristics of the partnership

12-3 form of business organization.
 Partnership Form of Organization

Characteristics of Partnerships
សហកម្មសិទ្ធិនៃទ្រព្យសម្បត្តិ
 ដៃគូនីមួយៗមានសំណងលើទ្រព្យសម្បត្តិសរុប។
 ការទាមទានេះមិនភ្ជាប់ទៅនឹងទ្រព្យសម្បត្តិ
ជាក់លាក់ទេ។
 រាល់ប្រាក់ចំញេញសុទ្ធឬការបាត់បង់សុទ្ធត្រូវ
បានបែងចែកដោយស្មើគ្នាដោយដៃគូ,លុះត្រាតែមានចែង
ក្នុងកិច្ចព្រមព្រៀងភាពជាដៃគូ។

SO 1 Identify the characteristics of the partnership

12-4 form of business organization.
 Partnership Form of Organization

Question
All of the following are characteristics of partnerships
except:

a. co-ownership of property.

b. mutual agency.

c. limited life.

d. limited liability.

SO 1 Identify the characteristics of the partnership

12-5 form of business organization.
 Partnership Form of Organization

Organizations with Partnerships Characteristics

ទំរង់ពិសេសនៃអង្គការអាជីវកម្មត្រូវបានប្រើជា
ញឹកញាប់ដើម្បីផ្តល់ការការពារពីការទទួលខុសត្រូវ
បំណុលគ្មានកំណត់។

ទម្រង់សហកម្មសិទ្ធិពិសេសគឺ:
 Limited Partnerships,
 Limited Liability Partnerships, and
 Limited Liability Companies.

SO 1 Identify the characteristics of the partnership

12-6 form of business organization.
 Partnership Form of Organization

កិច្ចសន្យាដៃគូរ (Partnership Agreement)

គួរតែបញ្ជាក់ទំនាក់ទំនងរវាងដៃគូ:
១. ការរួមចំណែកនាមនិងមូលធនរបស់ដៃគូ។
២. សិទ្ធិនិងភារកិច្ចរបស់ដៃគូ។
៣. មូលដ្ឋានសម្រាប់ការបែងចែកប្រាក់ចំណេញសុទ្ធ ឬ
ការបាត់បង់សុទ្ធ។
៤. សំវិធានធនសំរាប់ការដកទ្រព្យសកម្ម។
៥. នីតិវិធីសំរាប់ដាក់ជូននូវវិវាទទៅអាជ្ញា
កណ្តាល។
៦. នីតិវិធីសម្រាប់ការដកឬការបន្ថែមដៃគូ។
SO 1 Identify the characteristics of the partnership
12-7 ៧. សិទ្ធិនិងកាតព្វកិច្ចរបស់ដៃគូរក្នុងករណី
form of business organization.
 Forming a Partnership

Illustration: A. Rolfe and T. Shea combine their

proprietorships to start a partnership named U.S. Software.
Rolfe and Shea have the following assets prior to the formation
of the partnership.
Illustration 12-3

12-8 SO 2 Explain the accounting entries for the formation of a partnership.

 Forming a Partnership

Illustration: Prepare the entry to record the investment of A.

Rolfe.
Cash 8,000
Equipment 4,000
A. Rolfe, Capital

12,000
Prepare the entry to record the investment of T. Shea.

Cash 9,000
Accounts receivable 4,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts
T. Shea, Capital
1,000
12-9 12,000
SO 2 Explain the accounting entries for the formation of a partnership.
 Forming a Partnership

Question
When a partner invests noncash assets in a partnership,
the assets should be recorded at their:

a. book value.

b. carrying value.

c. fair market value.

d. original cost.

12-10 SO 2 Explain the accounting entries for the formation of a partnership.

 Forming a Partnership

Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Partners equally share net income or net loss unless the
partnership contract indicates otherwise.

Closing Entries:
 Close all Revenue and Expense accounts to Income
Summary.
 Close Income Summary to each partner’s Capital account
for his or her share of net income or loss.
 Close each partners Drawing account to his or her
respective Capital account.

12-11
 Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Income Ratios
Partnership agreement should specify the basis for sharing
net income or net loss. Typical income ratios:
 Fixed ratio.
 Ratio based on capital balances.
 Salaries to partners and remainder on a fixed ratio.
 Interest on partners’ capital balances and the remainder on
a fixed ratio.
 Salaries to partners, interest on partners’ capital, and the
remainder on a fixed ratio.

12-12 SO 3 Identify the bases for dividing net income or net loss.
 Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Question
Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Salaries to partners and interest on partners' capital
are expenses of the partnership.
b. Salaries to partners are an expense of the
partnership but not interest on partners' capital.
c. Interest on partners' capital are expenses of the
partnership but not salaries to partners.
d. Neither salaries to partners nor interest on partners'
capital are expenses of the partnership.

12-13 SO 3 Identify the bases for dividing net income or net loss.
 Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Illustration: King and Lee are co-partners in the Kingslee

Company. The partnership agreement provides for: (1) salary
allowances of $8,400 to King and $6,000 to Lee, (2) interest
allowances of 10% on capital balances at the beginning of the
year, and (3) the remainder equally. Capital balances on
January 1 were King $28,000, and Lee $24,000. In 2012,
partnership net income is $22,000. The division of net income is
as follows.
Instructions
(a) Prepare a schedule showing the distribution of net income.
(b) Journalize the allocation of net income.

12-14 SO 3 Identify the bases for dividing net income or net loss.
 Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Illustration: (a) Prepare a schedule showing the distribution of

net income. Illustration 12-5

12-15 SO 3 Identify the bases for dividing net income or net loss.
 Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Illustration: (b) Journalize the allocation of income.

Dec. 31

Income summary 22,000

Sara King, Capital
Ray Lee, Capital
12,400
9,600

12-16 SO 3 Identify the bases for dividing net income or net loss.
 Dividing Net Income or Net Loss

Illustration: Prepare a schedule showing the distribution of net

income assuming net income is only $18,000.
Illustration 12-6

12-17 SO 3 Identify the bases for dividing net income or net loss.
 Partnership Financial Statements
Illustration 12-7

Partners’ capital may change due to (1) additional investment,

(2) drawing, and (3) net income or net loss.
12-18 SO 4
 Partnership Financial Statements
Illustration 12-8

The balance sheet for a partnership is the same as for a

proprietorship except for the owner’s equity section.

12-19 SO 4 Describe the form and content of partnership financial statements.

 Liquidation of a Partnership

Ends both the legal and economic life of the entity.

To liquidate, it is necessary to:

1. Sell noncash assets for cash and recognize a gain or loss
on realization.

2. Allocate gain/loss on realization to the partners based on

their income ratios.

3. Pay partnership liabilities in cash.

4. Distribute remaining cash to partners on the basis of their

capital balances.

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-20 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: Ace Company is liquidated when its ledger shows
the following assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity accounts.
Illustration 12-9

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-21 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: Prepare a cash payments schedule.
Illustration 12-11

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-22 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: The partners of Ace Company agree to liquidate
the partnership on the following terms:

(1) The partnership will sell its noncash assets to Jackson

Enterprises for $75,000 cash.

(2) The partnership will pay its partnership liabilities. The

income ratios of the partners are 3:2:1, respectively.

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-23 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: (1) Ace sells the noncash assets (accounts
receivable, inventory, and equipment) for $75,000. The book
value of these assets is $60,000 ($15,000 + $18,000 + $35,000
- $8,000). Prepare the entry to record the sale of the noncash
assets.

(1) Cash 75,000

Accumulated depreciation 8,000
Accounts receivable
Inventory
15,000
Equipment
18,000
Gain on realization
35,000
SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record
12-24 15,000 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: (2) Prepare the entry to record the allocation of
the gain on liquidation to the partners.

(2) Gain on realization 15,000

R. Arnet, Capital ($15,000 x 3/6)
P. Carey, Capital ($15,000 x 2/6)
7,500
W. Eaton, Capital ($15,000 x 1/6)
5,000
2,500

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-25 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: (3) Prepare the entry to record the payment in full
to the creditors.

(3) Notes payable 15,000

Accounts payable 16,000
Cash

31,000

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-26 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership No Capital
Deficiency
Illustration: (4) Record the distribution of cash.

R. Arnet, Capital 22,500

P. Carey, Capital 22,800
W. Eaton, Capital 3,700
Cash

49,000 Illustration 12-10

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-27 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership

Question
The first step in the liquidation of a partnership is to:

a. allocate gain/loss on realization to the partners.

b. distribute remaining cash to partners.

c. pay partnership liabilities.

d. sell noncash assets and recognize a gain or loss

on realization.

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-28 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Liquidation of a Partnership

Question
If a partner with a capital deficiency is unable to pay the
amount owed to the partnership, the deficiency is
allocated to the partners with credit balances:
a. equally.
b. on the basis of their income ratios.
c. on the basis of their capital balances.
d. on the basis of their original investments.

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-29 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Capital
Liquidation of a Partnership
Deficiency
Illustration: Ace Company is on the brink of bankruptcy.
They sell merchandise at substantial discounts, and sell the
equipment at auction. Cash proceeds from these sales and
collections from customers totals $42,000. (1) Prepare the
entry for the realization of noncash assets.
(1) Cash 42,000
Accumulated depreciation 8,000
Loss on realization 18,000
Accounts receivable
Inventory
15,000
Equipment
18,000
SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record
12-30 35,000 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Capital
Liquidation of a Partnership
Deficiency

Illustration: (2) Ace allocates the gain on realization to the

partners on the basis of their income ratios. The entry is:

(2) R. Arnet, Capital ($18,000 x 3/6) 9,000

P. Carey, Capital ($18,000 x 2/6) 6,000
W. Eaton, Capital ($18,000 x 1/6) 3,000
Gain on realization
18,000

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-31 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Capital
Liquidation of a Partnership
Deficiency
Illustration: (3) Prepare the entry to record the payment in full
to the creditors.

(3) Notes payable 15,000

Accounts payable 16,000
Cash

31,000

SO 5 Explain the effects of the entries to record

12-32 the liquidation of a partnership.
 Capital
Liquidation of a Partnership
Deficiency

Payment of Deficiency R. Arnet P. Carey W. Eaton

Cash Capital Capital Capital
Balances before liquidation $ 16,000 $ (6,000) $ (11,800) $ 1,800
Eaton payment 1,800 (1,800)
Balance $ 17,800 $ (6,000) $ (11,800) $ -

(a) Cash 1,800

W. Eaton, Capital

R. Arnet,
1,800 Capital 6,000
P. Carey, Capital 11,800
Cash

12-33
17,800 SO 5
 Capital
Liquidation of a Partnership
Deficiency

Nonpayment of Deficiency R. Arnet P. Carey W. Eaton

Cash Capital Capital Capital
Balances before liquidation $ 16,000 $ (6,000) $ (11,800) $ 1,800
Allocation of deficiency 1,080 720 (1,800)
Balance $ 16,000 $ (4,920) $ (11,080) $ -

(b) R. Arnet, Capital 1,080

P. Carey, Capital 720
Farley, Capital

R. Arnet,
1,800 Capital 4,920
P. Carey, Capital 11,080
Cash
12-34 SO 5
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12-35