institutional

correction
for Criminology Students
 COMMON
• Correction
TERMINOLOGY
-it is a branch of the Criminal Justice
System concerned with criminal
off enders' custody, supervision, and
rehabilitation.
• Prison
-refers to a penal establishment under
the control of Bureau of Corrections and
shall include the New Bilibid Prisons
and other correctional institutions.
 • Competent Authority
-refers to a supreme Court, Court of Appeals,
Regional Trial Court, Metropolitan Trial Court,
Municipal Trial Court, Sandigan Bayan and
Military Court including the House of
Representative, Senate, Commission on
Elections, Bureau of Immigration and the Board
• Inmate of Pardons and Parole.
-refers to a national prisoner or one sentenced by a
court to serve a maximum term of imprisonment of
more than 3 years or to fi ne more than 1,000 pesos.
• Detainee
-a person who is confi ned in prison pending
preliminary investigation, trial or appeal; or upon legal
process issued by competent authority.
 • Superintendent
-refers to the one in charge of prisons
• Conjugal Visitation
-refers to the visit by the wife for a short period, usually
an hour, more or less, to her incarcerated husband.
-allowed privacy and are generally understood to have
sexual contact during visit
• Carpeta
-refers to the institutional record of inmates w/c
consists of; Mittimus Commitment Order, Prosecutor's
information and the decision of the trial court including
the
• Appellate court.
Rehablilitatio
-process
n of re-educating and retraining those persons who are
addicted in drugs and involved in other crimes w/c aims to change
their life for the better.
 • In primitive times, the
forms of punishment were
so barbaric, or ruthless
and there was no other
IN T R O D U C T I O N
form of penalty except
death either means of
fl ogging, beating,
drowning, or being thrown
• into
But inthethe
jungle.
modern trend
of correction, all of these
forms of punishment are
only a thing of the past.
• In the late 1980s, institutions for the confi nement
of convicts and the detention of those awaiting
trial included a variety of national prisons and
penal farms as well as numerous small local jails
• and lockups.
In general, the national prisons housed
more serious off enders, and those serving
short-term sentences were held in local
facilities.
• Bureau of Prisons - Responsible for the
safekeeping and rehabilitating of
prisoners.
 There are six correctional
H i s t o r y institutions and penal
o f t h e farms.
• Nation's largest prison - the

Ph i l i p p i n e National Penitentiary at
Muntinlupa

C o r r e c t i on • Corrections Institute for

Women
• Combination of prison and
penal farm located in;
Zamboanga City, Palawan,
Mindoro Occidental and in
several Mindanao provinces.
• It is
coordinated
because these
components
operate in a
manner of
being
interdependent
and supportive
of one another
to achieve the
very purpose of
the system
Fu n c t i o n s o f t h e
fi v e C o m p o n e n t s
in the Criminal
Justice System
 LAW
1 ENFORCEMENT

• Its function is to
conduct an investigation
on the alleged crime
committed by a person,
to arrest or detain
violator of the penal law
or an ordinance.
2 PROSECUTION
⚬ its function is to evaluate the
fi ndings of the police
submitted to their offi ce, to
conduct a preliminary
investigation, to receive the
complaint fi led by the victim,
and to be responsible to fi le
information to the court, and
acting as legal prosecutor of
the off ended party.
3 COURT

⚬ Conduct cross-
examination of the
witness.
⚬ conduct arraignment and
to hold a trial before
giving a fi nal decision of
the case.
4 CORRECTION

⚬ considered as the
weakest component of
the CJS.
⚬ The function of this is to
reform the off ender
through rehabilitation
programs.
5 COMMUNIT
Y ⚬ help and coordinate
the program of the
government specially
on the maintenance of
peace and order.
 Theory and Principles of
⚬ derived from Penology
greek word 'poine' and
'logos' means punishment and discourse
(treatment)

⚬ it means the study of punishment and

relation to crime and derive meaning is
the management of prison.
 PENOLOG
Y
⚬ Penology is concerned with the eff ectiveness
of those social processes devised and adopted
for the prevention of crime, via control or
suppression of criminal intent via the fear of
punishment.
⚬ it is the study of prison management and
criminal rehabilitation.
⚬ It deals with the treatment of those who are
convicted of crimes and how they can be
rehabilitated so that they are no longer a
threat to society.
 PENOLOG
Y

⚬ the main object of a punishment is to infl ict

deterrent eff ect on the criminal himself
from repeating the crime fearing the
consequences i.e. the punishment.
⚬ by using preventive method, the criminal
refrained from committing the crime either
by putting him into imprisonment, by
infl icting death penalty or by ending the
modes by w/c he used to commit crime.
 PENAL MANAGEMENT & PENAL
ADMINISTRATION
Penal
⚬Management
those who monitor, control and manage
the jail and prisons.

Penal
Administration
⚬ those in-charge of the prisoners'
adequate living place and needs like
food, water, bed and others.
 JAIL AND PRISON

JAIL
⚬ Prison facility or place for a person who is
convicted for minor crimes and under
investigation.
PRISON
⚬ is a place for a person who is convicted
for grave or serious crime.
 PDL & INMATE

PD
⚬ stands for Person Deprived of Liberty w/c is
L
the new name for prisoners just to have
respect for the dignity of a person.
INMATE
⚬S
are the persons serving their sentence
for the crime they committed.
 [Link] Concept of
Correction

⚬ more
T H E focused on
P T O F punishment
N C E
CO I O N regardless
R R E C T
CO G Y of the crime
E N O L O or violation
& P
committed.
 2. The Modern
Concept of Correction

⚬ keeping the
perpetrator
T H E
F of a crime
E P T O
CO N C detained until
C T I O N the actual
R R E
CO G Y
E N O L O punishment
& P could be
carried out
 Today, the correctional system follows the
correctional process before admitting the
offender, the newly arrived inmates or
person deprived of liberty are subject for
identification process, medical and mental
procedure or identifying the needs of every
PDL so that the program to be given to
them will fit their needs.
 EARLY FORMS OF
PUNISHMENT
IN PRIMITIVE
-The absence of prison andTIME
jails or even courts and
trials to hear the side of the
offenders is difficult in order
to achieve a fair judgement.
 EARLY FORMS OF
PUNISHMENT
IN PRIMITIVE TIME
-Every society has various
methods of social control
ranging from public
disapproval to death that
hold individuals to expected
standard forms of behavior.
Blood
Feuds
⚬ ancient culture developed the idea of justice
based on vengeance, retribution and
compensation.
⚬ The off ender will seek refuge to his family and
Lex Taliones
friends.
⚬ on a practical basis, personal retribution by the
victim was still dominant method of control.
⚬ this law against the off ender is refl ected in the
code of Hammurabi.
 The Medieval
Punishment
⚬ Medieval Europeans were very brutal in
the exercise of punishment such as:
Knives, Axes, Whip, Barnacles, Collars and
Cuff s were commonly used to infl ict
punishment along with the confi nement in
cold, dark, damp, vermin - infested
dungeons.
3 Brutal and ruthless medieval
forms of punishment
01 02 03
Iron Maiden - box- The Rack - kind The Tower of
like device with
of device that London -
the front half
hinged like a door
drags apart the originally built as
so that a person joints in the a fortless for
could be placed feet and hands defense of the
inside
city.
01 02 03
Banishment & Exile
⚬ considered an appropriate response to
misbehavior even in modifi ed form, for small
children. E.g cutting of all communication to his
parents.
Stock &
⚬Pillories
Mild form of punishment.
⚬ they were to punish those who refused to take
an oath to observe the law.
 Whip
⚬s Pillories were sometimes used as whipping
posts.
House of
Correction
⚬ for "rogues, vagabonds and sturdy beggars"
Gossips Bridle
⚬ a woman who had iron frame placed over the head, gag or
plate placed in her mouth to prevent her from moving her
tongue. Subjected to insult and degradation while was
chained to a whipping post.
 Ducking Stool
⚬ used mostly for brawling women from around
1560-1750.
⚬ placed on a stool attached to a wooden arm
that swiveled from an upright post behind a
Lock-
pond.
⚬ ups
usually housed brawlers and drunkards.
⚬ used as overnight accommodation for prisoners
being transported across the countries
County Gaol
⚬ Not all counties had gaols until some 50
years later.
Brandin
g the 17th
⚬ in century, a convicted man could
claim "Benefi t of Clergy" for exemption
⚬ the left hand was branded with a hot iron.
somtimes done on the cheek.
 Death for
Witchcraft
⚬ witch hunting became a popular sport and
many protested their innocence but were
hanged.
Transportati
⚬ on
Criminals were transported to America bet.
1718 & 1772 until it was halted by the
American War of Independence.
 Judgement of
Penance
⚬ Punishment was meted out to those who
remained silent in the witness box.
Capital
Punishment
⚬ death penalty was frequently used up to 1829.
After that it was only used for crimes of
murder or high treason.
 Burning to Death
⚬ this brutal punishment for women who
committed treason was replaced with
hanging from around 1790.
Hung,
Drawn
&
⚬ occured during the time when the Roman
Quartered
Catholic faith in England was being persecuted
by Queen Elizabeth I.
 Gibbet
⚬ a frame specially made for the victim, after
convicted and hung, his body was taken to
the scene of crime and hung in a gibbet.
 Correction
as a Process
⚬ Confi ning a person within a prison was not
to punish them but was means of keeping
the perpetrator of a crime detained until
the actual punishment could be carried
out.
Thank you for
listening!