English 10

Week 2
Lesson Target
01 Define argumentation and its
purpose.
Identify the key structural elements of

02 an argumentative text
(exposition/statement of position,
arguments, restatement of position).
Appreciate the importance of
03 argumentation in expressing and
defending viewpoints
Key Structural Elements
and Language Features
of an Argumentative Text
 Activity 1: TRUE or
FALSE. Write T if the
statement is True,
and F if it is FALSE.
 _____ 1. Exposition
refers to the
comprehensive
explanation of ideas.
 _____ 2.
Argumentative texts
are similar with
Expository texts.
 ______ 3. It is
important that have
the proper attitude in
expressing your
exposition and
arguments.
______ 5. Declarative
sentences are
sentences that
present and give
ideas.
 Activity 2: Word Webb.
Write a word that starts
with each of the letters
from the word SPEAKING.
The first
one, the letter S, is
already done for you.
S-peech
P-
E-
A-
K-
I-
N-
G-
 Exposition
comprehensive explanation of
ideas.
When we Aside from facts,
explain, we we even include
describe and our opinions and
provide beliefs.
specific details.
We do this to give our listeners or readers a
complete background information about a certain
topic.
Argumentative
texts
writings that present
arguments of the two sides of
an issue. In this type of
writing, an issue or problem is
presented, together with its
pros and cons or simply, the
 Both expository
and
argumentative
writing are
necessary in
research writing.
 An expository writing has 3
parts namely:
1. Statement of position - the
writer’s point of view
2. Arguments - includes logical facts
or evidences
3. Restatement of position – summarized
facts from the argument part, conclusion
Tips in Writing
Expository and
Argumentative
Texts
1. Use modal verbs and 4. Always make your
modal adverbs. sentences in the
declarative form
2. You need to have the
proper attitude in 5. Include rhetorical
expressing your questions in your
exposition and writing.
arguments.
6. Do not be afraid to
3. Use conjunctions that use the passive voice in
 Directions: Below is a sample
expository text already divided
into parts. Read, analyze and
identify which among is the
statement of position, argument,
and restatement of position (20
DAY 2
Conjunction
sT
Coordinating
Conjunctions
After
Subordinating
Conjunctions
Because In case
F-or Y As Before
Though
In that Until

A-nd P As far as Even if

Since
Now that

N-or Correlative Conjunctions

E As soon as
both...and
If
Therefore
Once

neither...nor
B-ut S not only...but also
either...or
Activity 3: Directions:
Encircle the
conjunction in the
parenthesis that fits
the sentences below.
1. (Not only, Whether) is the Philippines
prone to typhoons, (but also, or) many
areas lack adequate flood control
infrastructure.

2. The flood control project was started (after,

before) the heavy monsoon rains caused
widespread flooding in Metro Manila.
[Link] national government (and, or) local
municipalities must cooperate to ensure the
flood control projects are completed effectively.

[Link] riverbanks are overflowing and many

houses are submerged in floodwater, (because,
so) the government is implementing long-term
flood management plans.

[Link] community can feel safer from flooding

(once, therefore) the flood control project is
completed.
Active and Passive Voice

Active voice is a sentence structure

in which the subject performs or act
upon the verb’s action.

The subject is the focus of the

sentence.
Examples:

[Link] chicken crossed the road.

Subject verb object
2. Maria and Reb accepted their
suggestion.
Subject verb object
Passive voice is a sentence
structure in which the object and
the verb becomes the focus of the
sentence and not the subject. It is
the opposite of the active voice.
Examples:
[Link] road was crossed by the
chicken.
object verb subject

2. Their suggestion was accepted by Maria and Reb.

object verb subject
Activity 4:

Directions: Write A if the

sentences below are in the
active voice and P if it is in the
passive voice.
________ 1. Illegal loggers are destroying
vast areas of rainforest.
________ 2. Soil erosion and loss of
biodiversity are caused by deforestation.
________ 3. Reforestation projects are being
implemented by environmental
organizations to combat deforestation.
________ 4. The community planted new
trees to restore the forest.
________ 5. The government has enacted
laws to protect endangered tree species.
________ 1. Illegal loggers are destroying
vast areas of rainforest.
________ 2. Soil erosion and loss of
biodiversity are caused by deforestation.
________ 3. Reforestation projects are being
implemented by environmental
organizations to combat deforestation.
________ 4. The community planted new
trees to restore the forest.
________ 5. The government has enacted
laws to protect endangered tree species.
Assessment
1. She wanted to go for a walk, ________ it started
to rain.
a) so
b) but
c) and
2. He is good at playing the guitar ________
singing.
a) and
b) or
c) but
3. We can go to the beach, ________ we can stay
home and watch a movie.
a) and
b) so
c) or

4. ________ she finishes her work, she can go home.

a) Unless
b) If
c) Although
5. He was tired, ________ he kept working.
a) so
b) but
c) because

6. I like tea, ________ my sister prefers coffee.

a) and
b) but
c) so
7. She went to the store ________ buy some milk.
a) so
b) because
c) to
8. ________ it was raining, they decided to have a
picnic indoors.
a) Although
b) Because
c) If
9. He didn't study, ________ he failed the test.
a) so
b) but
c) and
10. She is both intelligent ________ beautiful.
a) or
b) and
c) but
Part 2: Active and Passive Voice (Rewrite each sentence
in the opposite voice)
1. Active: The cat chased the mouse.
Passive: The mouse was chased by the
cat.
2. Passive: The letter was written by her.
3. Active: The students clean the classroom
every day.
4. Passive: The cake is being baked by John.
5. Active: The gardener waters the plants.
6. Passive: The car was repaired by the
mechanic.
DAY 3
declarative statements
convey facts, opinions, and claims,
directly presenting the writer's position
and supporting points, while rhetorical
questions are used to emphasize an idea,
engage the audience, and elicit
agreement by posing a question that
doesn't require a verbal answer, but an
implied one that supports the writer's
Purpose:
To make a statement, present
evidence, offer an explanation,
or state a claim.
Function:
They are the building blocks of
argument, directly conveying
the writer's assertions and the
reasons behind them.
Examples:
· "The government should
implement stricter policies to
curb online abuse".
· "Online abuse has become
rampant in recent years".
Rhetorical Questions
purpose:
To make a point, create
dramatic effect, persuade the
audience, or appeal for
agreement, rather than to elicit
function:
They draw attention to specific
ideas or topics, subtly
influencing the reader and
strengthening the writer's
argument.
examples:
· "Do you really want your
family to suffer the
consequences of our inaction?"
(implies the answer is "no").
Directions: Identify examples of
declarative statements, and
rhetorical questions. Discuss
their effect on the argument.
Argumentative Text:
"The increasing use of smartphones by teenagers
is a growing concern. While smartphones offer
numerous benefits, such as access to information
and enhanced communication, their overuse can
lead to several negative consequences. Therefore,
schools should implement stricter policies
regarding smartphone use during school hours.
Studies have shown that excessive
smartphone use can negatively impact
academic performance. Students who are
constantly checking their phones in class are
less likely to pay attention to the lesson and
retain information. Because they are
distracted, their grades often suffer.
Furthermore, excessive smartphone use can
contribute to social isolation and mental health
problems. Teenagers who spend hours each day
on social media may develop unrealistic
expectations and feelings of inadequacy. On the
other hand, face-to-face interactions are essential
for developing social skills and building strong
relationships. Is it really worth sacrificing real-
world connections for the sake of virtual ones?
In conclusion, because of the potential
negative consequences, schools must take
action to limit smartphone use during school
hours. By creating a learning environment
that is free from distractions, we can help
teenagers focus on their studies and develop
healthy social habits. We must prioritize their
well-being and academic success."
Motivation (10 min): "Debate
Prep"
Present a debatable
statement. Have students
brainstorm arguments for and
against the statement.
Cancellation of
Classes: DILG or
LGU?
 Examples of Argumentative
Paragraphs
· To illustrate the impact of these
language features, let's examine
examples of strong and weak
argumentative paragraphs.
 Strong Argumentative
Paragraph
·"The implementation of stricter environmental
regulations is essential for mitigating climate
change. Because current emission levels are
unsustainable, immediate action is required.
Studies show a direct correlation between
industrial pollution and rising global
temperatures. Therefore, governments must
enforce stricter emission standards on
corporations. Is it ethical to prioritize economic
growth over the health of the planet?"
 Weak Argumentative
Paragraph
·"Environmental regulations are a
topic of debate. Pollution is bad,
and the climate is changing.
Companies should probably do
something about it. What's the big
deal anyway?"
 Written
Output:
Write an argumentative paragraph
about a current issue, using the
learned language features.
Assessment:
1. __________ refers to the
comprehensive explanation of ideas
through describing and providing
specific details.

A. Argument C. Exposition
B. Declarative D. Rhetorical
2. The following are the parts of an
expository writing EXCEPT for
__________.

A. restatement of position
B. statement of position
C. declarative
D. argument
3. “We can overcome this pandemic
as long as we help each other.” The
underlined word in
the sentence is an example of a
__________.

A. modal adverbs C. both A and

B
B. modal verbs [Link] of
4. “Relief bags are distributed by
the Barangay officials.” This
sentence is an example of a
__________ voice.

A. active C. passive
B. loud D. silent
5. __________ voice is the voice of
the verb wherein the object or the
receiver of the action is given more
emphasis and importance than the
doer or the subject.

A. Active C. Passive
B. Loud D. Silent
6. When we want to present and
give ideas, we express it using
__________ sentences.

A. declarative C. interrogative
B. imperative D. exclamatory
7. After, and, before, but, and so
are common examples of
__________.
A. conjunctions C. nouns
B. modals D. prepositions
8. We usually put __________ questions
on our introduction to catch the reader’s
interest or to
put them into thinking.

A. argumentative C. exposition
B. declarative D. rhetorical
9. In writing exposition and
arguments, we have to avoid
using __________ words.
A. formal C. nice
B. foul D. slang
10. “Blended Learning: A Parent, A
Student, and A Teacher’s Point of View”
This title is a
best example for an __________ writing.

A. argumentative C. literary
B. expository D. narrative