Chapter 5: Java Frameworks (Spring/Spring Boot)
Section 1: What Are Frameworks?
What Is a Framework?
A framework is a pre-written set of classes/libraries that
provides a structure for application development.
Unlike libraries, frameworks dictate the architecture of your
application (Inversion of Control).
Why Use Frameworks in Enterprise Development?
Productivity: Speeds up development with ready-to-
use components.
Maintainability: Promotes modular code structure.
Scalability: Helps build scalable enterprise-grade
systems.
Best Practices: Enforces industry best practices and
Section 2: Overview of the Spring Framework
What is Spring Framework?
Open-source Java framework for building enterprise applications.
Provides comprehensive infrastructure support for developing Java
apps.
Core Concepts of Spring
IoC (Inversion of Control): Objects are not responsible for
managing their own dependencies.
DI (Dependency Injection): External code injects
dependencies into a class.
AOP (Aspect-Oriented Programming): Separates cross-
cutting concerns (e.g., logging, security).
. . . Overview of the Spring Framework
Inversion of Control (IoC)
Control is transferred from the program to the framework.
Spring IoC Container manages object creation and lifecycle.
Dependency Injection (DI)
Components declare their dependencies.
The framework provides those dependencies at runtime.
Promotes loose coupling and testability.
Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP)
AOP separates logic like logging, transactions, and security.
Core concepts: Aspect, Join Point, Advice, Pointcut.
Enables clean and maintainable code.
Section 3: Introduction to Spring BootSection
What is Spring Boot?
Built on top of the Spring Framework.
Simplifies the development of stand-alone, production-grade Spring
applications.
No XML configuration needed (mostly).
Key Features of Spring Boot
Auto-configuration
Embedded web servers (Tomcat, Jetty)
Opinionated defaults
Actuator (monitoring/health)
Simplified dependency management
. . . Section 3: Introduction to Spring BootSection.
Benefits of Spring Boot
Faster development and deployment
Reduces boilerplate code
Integrated development tools
Easy to test and deploy microservices
Sample Spring Boot App
@SpringBootApplication
main() method with [Link]()
REST Controller Example
Section 4: Setting up a Spring Boot Project
What is Spring Boot?
A framework built on top of Spring.
Simplifies Java application setup.
Enables quick development of stand-alone RESTful services.
Setup Options
Use Spring Initializr:Website: [Link]
Select:
Project: Maven
Language: Java
Dependencies: Spring Web
Generate and unzip the project OR
Use IDEs like IntelliJ or Eclipse with Spring support.
Spring Boot Project Structure
src/
└─ main/
├─ java/
│ └─ [Link]/
│ └─ [Link]
└─ resources/
├─ [Link]
└─ static/
@SpringBootApplication marks the main
class.
Resources folder includes configuration
files.
Section 5: Creating REST Controllers
troduction to REST Controllers
@RestController: Marks a class that handles REST request
@RequestMapping: Maps web requests to handler method
sic REST Controller Example
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String sayHello() {
return "Hello, World!";
}
}
Handling Different HTTP Methods
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class ApiController {
@GetMapping("/data")
public String getData() {
return "GET Response";
}
@PostMapping("/data")
public String postData(@RequestBody String body) {
return "POSTed: " + body;
}
}
@GetMapping, @PostMapping, @PutMapping, @DeleteMapping
simplify @RequestMapping.
eturning JSON Automatically
Java objects are automatically converted to JSON using Jackson.
public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
// getters/setters
}
@GetMapping("/student")
public Student getStudent() {
return new Student("Sara", 22);
}
Accepting JSON with @RequestBody
@PostMapping("/student")
public String addStudent(@RequestBody Student
student) {
return "Received student: " + [Link]();
}