Scribd
Upload
6 views22 pages

Dynamic Routing Protocol Overview

Dynamic routing protocols facilitate the sharing of routing information between routers, automatically update routing tables during topology changes, and determine the best paths to destinations. They are classified into Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) and Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP), with examples including RIP, EIGRP, and BGP. Metrics such as bandwidth, cost, and hop count are used to evaluate routes, while administrative distance helps prioritize routes in the routing table.

Uploaded by

Maya Area
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views22 pages

Dynamic Routing Protocol Overview

Dynamic routing protocols facilitate the sharing of routing information between routers, automatically update routing tables during topology changes, and determine the best paths to destinations. They are classified into Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) and Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP), with examples including RIP, EIGRP, and BGP. Metrics such as bandwidth, cost, and hop count are used to evaluate routes, while administrative distance helps prioritize routes in the routing table.

Uploaded by

Maya Area
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction to Dynamic

Routing Protocol

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1


Dynamic Routing Protocols
 Function(s) of Dynamic Routing Protocols:
-Dynamically share information between routers.
-Automatically update routing table when topology changes.
-Determine best path to a destination.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2


Dynamic Routing Protocols
 The purpose of a dynamic routing protocol is to:
-Discover remote networks
-Maintaining up-to-date routing information
-Choosing the best path to destination networks
-Ability to find a new best path if the current path is no longer
available

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3


Dynamic Routing Protocols
 Components of a routing protocol
Algorithm
In the case of a routing protocol algorithms are used for
facilitating routing information and best path determination
Routing protocol messages
These are messages for discovering neighbors and
exchange of routing information

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4


Dynamic Routing Protocols
 Advantages of static routing
-It can backup multiple interfaces/networks on a router
-Easy to configure
-No extra resources are needed
-More secure
 Disadvantages of static routing
-Network changes require manual reconfiguration
-Does not scale well in large topologies

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5


Classifying Routing Protocols
 Dynamic routing protocols are grouped according to
characteristics. Examples include:
-RIP
-IGRP
-EIGRP
-OSPF
-IS-IS
-BGP

 Autonomous System is a group of routers under the control of


a single authority.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6


Classifying Routing Protocols
 Types of routing protocols:
-Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP)
-Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7


Classifying Routing Protocols
 Interior Gateway Routing Protocols (IGP)
-Used for routing inside an autonomous system & used to route
within the individual networks themselves.
-Examples: RIP, EIGRP, OSPF
 Exterior Routing Protocols (EGP)
-Used for routing between autonomous systems
-Example: BGPv4

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8


Classifying Routing Protocols
 IGP: Comparison of Distance Vector & Link State
Routing Protocols
Distance vector
– routes are advertised as vectors
of distance & direction.
– incomplete view of network
topology.
–Generally, periodic
updates.
Link state
– complete view of network
topology is created.
– updates are not
periodic.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9


Classifying Routing Protocols

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10


Classifying Routing Protocols
 Classful routing
protocols
Do NOT send subnet mask
in routing updates
 Classless routing
protocols
Do send subnet mask in
routing updates.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11


Classifying Routing Protocols
 Convergence is defined as when all routers’ routing
tables are at a state of consistency

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12


Routing Protocols Metrics
 Metric
A value used by a routing protocol to determine which
routes are better than others.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13


Routing Protocols Metrics
 Metrics used in IP routing protocols
-Bandwidth
-Cost
-Delay
-Hop count
-Load
-Reliability

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14


Routing Protocols Metrics
 The Metric Field in the
Routing Table
 Metric used for each
routing protocol
-RIP - hop count
-IGRP & EIGRP -
Bandwidth (used by
default), Delay (used by
default), Load, Reliability
-IS-IS & OSPF – Cost,
Bandwidth (Cisco’s
implementation)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15


Routing Protocols Metrics
 Load balancing
This is the ability of a router to distribute packets among
multiple same cost paths

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16


Administrative Distance of a Route
 Purpose of a metric
It’s a calculated value used to determine the best path to a
destination
 Purpose of Administrative Distance
It’s a numeric value that specifies the preference of a particular
route

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17


Administrative Distance of a Route
 Identifying the Administrative Distance (AD) in a
routing table
It is the first number in the brackets in the routing table

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18


Administrative Distance of a Route
 Dynamic Routing Protocols

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19


Administrative Distance of a Route
 Directly connected routes
Have a default AD of 0
 Static Routes
Administrative distance of a static route has a default value of
1

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20


Administrative Distance of a Route
 Directly connected routes
-Immediately appear in the routing table as soon as the
interface is configured

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21


© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22

You might also like