INTRODUCTION

COMMUNICATION
TO
DEVC 1 – INTRODUCTION TO
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION

LOURENCE MAE B. ALKUINO, Mc

INSTRUCTOR, COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND SCIENCES
N O RT H W E S T S A M A R S TAT E U N I V E R S I T Y , C A L B AYO G C I T Y
COMMUNICATION
• The origin of the word communication can be
traced back to the Latin word communico,
which is translated to mean “to join or unite,”
“to connect,” “to participate in” or “to share
with all.”

• This root word is the same one from which we

get not only the word communicate, but
also common, commune, communion,
and community.
COMMUNICATION
exchange of ideas, messages and
information between two or more
persons, through a medium, in a
manner that the sender and the
receiver understand the message in
the common sense, that is, they
develop common understanding of
the message.
(Sarika Joshi)
COMMUNICATION : TWO-WAY
PROCESSis a two-way
• Communication
process of exchanging ideas or
information.
• One person alone cannot carry
out communication.
• When you communicate, there
has to be a receiver or an
audience that would reciprocate.
Only then can your
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COMMUNICATION DEFINITION
• “Communication is the transfer of information
from a sender to a receiver, with the
information being understood by the
receiver”. — Koontz and Weihrich
• ‘The
imparting or exchange of information by
speaking, writing, or using some other
medium. — Oxford dictionary
• ‘Communication is an exchange of facts,
ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more
people.’ — Newman and Summer
6
COMMUNICATION is Symbolic

A symbol is a mark,
object, or sign that
represents something else
by association,
resemblance, or
convention.
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COMMUNICATION is a Shared
Meaning
• “meanings aren’t in
words, they’re in people”
• two individuals who are
attempting to share
through communication
along with specific ideas
and meanings.
10
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COMMUNICATION involves
Intentionality
• Intentionality asks whether
an individual purposefully
intends to interact act with
another person and
attempt shared meaning.
• Each time you
communicate with others,
there is intentionality
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COMMUNICATION is a Process
• “process” refers to the
idea that something is
ongoing, dynamic, and
changing with a purpose or
towards some end.
• Communication is a series
of ongoing interactions
that change over time.
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COMMUNICATION is Culturally
Determined
The word culture refers to a
group of people who through
a process of learning can
share perceptions of the
world that influences their
beliefs, values, norms, and
rules, which eventually affect
behavior.
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COMMUNICATION IS PURPOSEFUL

•We communicate for different reasons.

We communicate in an attempt to
persuade people. We communicate to get
people to like us.
•We communicate to express our liking of
other people. We could list different
reasons why we communicate with other
people. Often we may not even be aware
of the specific reason or need we have for
COMMUNICATION is Purposeful
• For different reasons
• attempt to persuade people.
• to get people to like us.
• to express our liking of other
people.
• We could list different reasons
why we communicate with
other people.
• Often, we may not even be
aware of the specific reason or
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PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
/ THE 7 C S OF COMMUNICATION
• 1. Clear
• 2. Concise
• 3. Concrete
• 4. Correct
• 5. Coherent
• 6. Complete
• 7. Courteous.
 NATURE and
PROCESS
of COMMUNICATION
[Link] is a process.

[Link] is a human activity.

[Link] can be expressed in

many ways.
 ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
Communicati 1. Idea/Context
2. Sender/Speaker
on
3. Message
is a process.
4. Encoding
5. Channel/ Medium
6. Decoding
7. Receiver/Decoder
8. Feedback
9. Noise/ Barrier
 ELEMENTS OF
1. Idea/Context – refers toCOMMUNICATION
some context. The idea or information that the sender
wants to convey to the receiver is the source of the message.
2. Sender/Speaker – who initiates the comm process is referred to as the
encoder.
3. Message – is an idea transformed into words.
4. Encoding – process of creating a message for transmission by an addresser
to an addressee.
5. Channel/ Medium – An appropriate medium chosen to send the message.
6. Decoding – a process by which the receiver interprets the message and
translates it into meaningful information.
7. Receiver/Decoder – The person who receives the encoded message –
listener/reader/viewer
8. Feedback – the response given by the receiver to the sender of the message.
9. Noise/ Barrier – anything that interferes the comm process: a weak internet
connection, personal bias, or even the receiver not paying attention.
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 LEVELS OF
Communicati COMMUNICATION
• Intrapersonal
on
Communication
is a human • Interpersonal
activity. Communication
• Group Communication
• Public Communication
• Intercultural Communication
• Organizational
Communication
• Mass Communication
 FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
Communicatio
• Verbal Communication
n can be
• Written Communication
expressed in
• Oral Communication
many ways
• Nonverbal Communication
• Audiovisual Communication
 COMMUNICATION PROCESS
• The communication process refers to sharing
information verbally or non-verbally between
the sender and receiver.
• Verbal communication means
communication among people through
spoken words.
• Nonverbal communication refers to
interaction among humans through
nonverbal cues such as tone of voice, facial
expression, movement, body language, eye 29
31
 WHAT IS A MODEL?
A model is "a structure of
symbols and operating
rules which is supposed to
match a set of relevant
points in an existing
structure or process."
KARL DEUTSCH (1952)
It is a simplified
representation or
template of a process
that can be used to help
understand the nature
of communication in a
social setting.
The communication models help
us to build theories of
communication.
 CLASSIFICATION OF
MODELS OF
COMMUNICATION
LINEAR INTERACTIONAL TRANSACTIONA
MODEL MODEL L MODEL
It suggests that It this model the It means that the
a person is only meaning is process is
a sender or a achieved through cooperative; the
receiver and that the feedback of a sender and the
the meaning is sender and a receiver are
sent from one receiver. There is a mutually
person to two-way responsible for the
another. communication effect and the
process between effectiveness of
Aristotle’s Model of
Communication
Lasswell's Model
Berlo’s smcr model
Shannon-Weaver
Model
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Schram Model of
Communication
Osgood-Schram Model of
Communication