Module 1: Introduction to
Poultry Production
D.PPM101 – Poultry Production and
Management
Instructor: [Your Name]
Foundation University, College of
Agriculture
Learning Objectives
• 1. Define common terms used in poultry production.
• 2. Identify the origin and classification of major poultry
species.
• 3. Recognize common poultry species and their scientific
names.
• 4. Discuss major trends in the Philippine poultry industry.
• 5. Identify common problems affecting poultry production in
the Philippines.
Definition of Poultry
• • Poultry – domesticated birds raised for meat, eggs, or
feathers.
• • Derived from Latin 'pullus' meaning 'young animal or bird'.
• • Includes chickens, ducks, turkeys, quails, geese, and guinea
fowls.
Common Terms in Poultry
Production
• • Broiler – chicken raised for meat.
• • Layer – chicken raised for eggs.
• • Pullet – young female chicken before laying age.
• • Cockerel – young male chicken.
• • Hen – mature female chicken.
• • Rooster – mature male used for breeding.
Additional Poultry Terms
• • Flock – group of birds raised together.
• • Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) – feed required per kg gain.
• • Litter – bedding material (rice hull, sawdust).
• • Culling – removing unproductive or sick birds.
• • Biosecurity – practices preventing disease spread.
Origin of Poultry Species
• • Domestication began over 8,000 years ago in Asia.
• • Humans selected birds for egg laying and docile behavior.
• • Chickens originated from the Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus).
• • Ducks: from wild mallards; Turkeys: from North America.
• • Quails: from Japan; Geese: from Asia and Europe.
Common Poultry Species
• • Chicken – Gallus gallus domesticus (meat and eggs).
• • Duck – Anas platyrhynchos domesticus (meat and eggs).
• • Quail – Coturnix coturnix japonica (meat and eggs).
• • Turkey – Meleagris gallopavo (meat).
• • Goose – Anser anser domesticus (meat, feathers).
• • Guinea Fowl – Numida meleagris (meat, pest control).
Trends in the Poultry Industry
(Philippines)
• • Fastest-growing livestock sector in the country.
• • Chicken and eggs contribute ~30% of agri output.
• • Growth in both commercial and backyard poultry.
• • Shift to biosecure housing systems (Avian Influenza).
• • Increased demand for processed and organic poultry.
Philippine Poultry Industry Data
(2024 PSA)
• • Chicken population: approx. 200 million head.
• • Egg production: +5% annual increase.
• • Duck farming strong in Pampanga and Central Luzon.
• • Native chicken and quail farming for niche markets.
Common Problems in the Poultry
Industry
• • Disease outbreaks (Avian Influenza, Fowl Pox, Newcastle).
• • Rising feed costs due to imported ingredients.
• • Climate and housing issues (heat stress, typhoons).
• • Market price fluctuations and middlemen influence.
• • Waste management and odor control challenges.
Solutions and Interventions
• • Strengthen biosecurity and vaccination programs.
• • Research local feed alternatives (insect meal, BSFL).
• • Improve waste management and renewable energy use.
• • Training programs for farmers and biosecurity staff.
Classroom Activity: 'Poultry Around
Us'
• 1. Observe a local poultry farm, market, or backyard raiser.
• 2. Identify the species raised and its purpose (meat/egg).
• 3. List two observed problems and suggest solutions.
• 4. Write a short 3–5 sentence reflection for class discussion.
Summary
• • Poultry production is vital for Philippine food security.
• • Chickens are the most common poultry species.
• • The industry is modernizing with technology and
biosecurity.
• • Challenges remain in disease control and market stability.
• • Knowledge of species, origins, and trends supports
sustainability.
References
• • Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) Livestock and Poultry
Survey, 2024.
• • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, 2023). Poultry
Production in Asia.
• • DA-BAI (2022). Poultry and Livestock Industry Reports.
• • Ensminger, M.E. (2015). Poultry Science.
• • Banerjee, G.C. (2016). A Textbook of Animal Husbandry.