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C++ Classes and Objects Explained

C++ is an Object-Oriented Programming language that revolves around classes and objects, which model real-world entities. A class serves as a blueprint for creating objects, which are instances containing unique data. Member functions define the behavior of these objects, while access specifiers control their visibility.

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7 views15 pages

C++ Classes and Objects Explained

C++ is an Object-Oriented Programming language that revolves around classes and objects, which model real-world entities. A class serves as a blueprint for creating objects, which are instances containing unique data. Member functions define the behavior of these objects, while access specifiers control their visibility.

Uploaded by

imranshafique381
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Classes, Objects, and

Member Functions
Introduction

•C++ is an Object-Oriented Programming language.

•Everything in C++ revolves around classes and objects.

•Helps in modeling real-world entities into programs.


What is a Class?

•A class is a user-defined data type.

•It defines data members and functions that operate on that data.

•Acts as a blueprint for objects.


Syntax of a Class

• class ClassName {
• public:
• int data;
• void display() {
• cout << data;
• }
• };
Example of a Class

• class Student {
• public:
• string name;
• int rollNo;
• void showData() {
• cout << "Name: " << name << ", Roll No: " << rollNo;
• }
• };
What is an Object?

•An object is an instance of a class.

•It represents a specific entity with unique data.

•Each object has its own copy of data members.


Creating an Object

• Student s1; // Object of class Student


• [Link] = "Ali";
• [Link] = 12;
• [Link]();
Accessing Members

• Use the dot (.) operator to access class members.

• [Link];
Member Functions

•Functions that belong to a class.

•Used to define behavior of the class.

•Can be defined:

[Link] the class


[Link] the class
Inside Class Definition

• class Car {
• public:
• void start() {
• cout << "Car Started!";
• }
• };
Outside Class Definition

• class Car {
• public:
• void start();
• };

• void Car::start() {
• cout << "Car Started!";
• }
Inline Functions

• Functions defined inside the class are inline by default.


• Faster execution for small, frequently used functions.
Access Specifiers

•Public: Accessible from anywhere.


•Private: Accessible only inside the class.
•Protected: Accessible in derived classes.

Specifier Accessibility
public Everywhere
private Within class
protected Derived classes
Example Program
• #include <iostream>
• using namespace std;

• class Student {
• private:
• int rollNo;
• public:
• void setRoll(int r) { rollNo = r; }
• void showRoll() { cout << "Roll No: " << rollNo; }
• };

• int main() {
• Student s1;
• [Link](10);
• [Link]();
• }
Summary

•Class → Template or blueprint


•Object → Instance of a class
•Member functions define object behavior
•Access specifiers control visibility

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