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Internal vs. External Combustion Engines

The document outlines the fundamentals of internal and external combustion engines, focusing on internal combustion engines that primarily use gasoline. It details key concepts such as air/fuel mixture, piston movement, engine cycles, and the main components of an engine. Additionally, it covers various technical terms related to engine operation, including compression ratio, cam timing, and chemical reactions involved in combustion.

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juliuspalad07221992
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11 views16 pages

Internal vs. External Combustion Engines

The document outlines the fundamentals of internal and external combustion engines, focusing on internal combustion engines that primarily use gasoline. It details key concepts such as air/fuel mixture, piston movement, engine cycles, and the main components of an engine. Additionally, it covers various technical terms related to engine operation, including compression ratio, cam timing, and chemical reactions involved in combustion.

Uploaded by

juliuspalad07221992
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ENGINE NOTES

#1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION
• EXPLOSION OR FIRE TAKES PLACE
INSIDE THE ENGINE
#2 EXTERNAL COMBUSTION
• EXPLOSION OR FIRE TAKES PLACE
OUTSIDE THE ENGINE
• INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
FUEL USED:
– GASOLINE
– DIESEL
– NATURAL GAS (PROPANE, BUTANE)
– ALCOHOL
• WE WILL CONCENTRATE ON GASOLINE
FOR THE FUEL
#3 A/F MIXTURE
• AIR/FUEL MIXTURE, APPROXIMATELY
15 TO 1 BY WEIGHT.
#4 RECIPROCATING MOTION
• BACK AND FORTH MOTION
#5 ROTARY MOTION
• ROUND AND ROUND MOTION
#6 TDC
• TOP DEAD CENTER, PISTON
FURTHEST FROM CRANKSHAFT

#7 BDC
• BOTTOM DEAD CENTER, PISTON
CLOSEST TO CRANK

#8 STROKE
• DISTANCE OF THE PISTON MOVES
FROM TDC TO BDC OR BDC TO TDC.
#9 CYCLE
• FROM BEGINNING TO END AND
STARTING OVER AGAIN
#10 FOUR STROKE ENGINE
• TAKES 4 STROKES TO COMPLETE
CYCLE
#11 TWO STROKE ENGINE
• TAKES 2 STROKES TO COMPLETE
CYCLE
#12 FIVE MAIN ENGINE PARTS
– PISTON
– CYLINDER
– CRANKSHAFT
– CONNECTING ROD
– FLYWHEEL
#13 FOUR STROKE CHART

STROKE PISTON INTAKE EXHAUST A/F MIXTURE


NAME MOVEMENT VALVE VALVE
INTAKE TDC TO BDC OPEN CLOSED SUCKED INTO CYLINDER
COMPRESSION BDC TO TDC CLOSED CLOSED SQUEEZED DOWN
POWER TDC TO BDC CLOSED CLOSED EXPLODING, BURNING
EXHAUST BDC TO TDC CLOSED OPEN PUSHED OUT OF CYLINDER
#14 PTO
• POWER TAKE OFF (WHERE WE GET
POWER OUT OF THE ENGINE)
#15 BORE
• DIAMETER OF THE CYLINDER
#16 R.P.M.
• REVOLUTIONS PER MINUTE
• WE MEASURE ENGINE SPEED BY RPM
OF CRANKSHAFT
#17 R.P.S.
• REVOLUTIONS PER SECOND
#18 BLOW BY
• PRESSURE BEING BLOWN PAST THE
RINGS AND PISTON
#19 VALVE PARTS
A. MARGIN
B. SEAT
C. STEM
D. GUIDE
E. SPRING RETAININGGROOVES
F. LIFT AREA
#20 FLAT HEAD VALVE TRAIN
#21 I HEAD (OVER HEAD VALVE TRAIN)
• MUCH LESS RESTRICTIVE
• #22 OVERHEAD CAM
#23 WAYS TO DRIVE CAMSHAFTS
TO GEAR
#24 COMPRESSION RATIO
• THE COMPARISON (RATIO) OF HOW MUCH
THE PISTON SQUEEZES DOWN THE
VOLUME FROM BDC TO TDC
#25 CAM TIMING
• OPENING AND CLOSING THE VALVES
AT A PRECISE TIME
#26 ELEMENTS
• SUBSTANCES MADE UP OF ONLY ONE
TYPE OF ATOM
• THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY 100
DIFFERENT ELEMENTS
#27 MOLECULES
• WHEN TWO OR MORE ATOMS
COMBINE WE MAKE A MOLECULE
#28 CHEMICAL REACTION
• WHEN TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS COMBINE
(MAKE MOLECULE) OR ARE BROKEN APART
• THERE ARE DIFFERENT WAYS TO HAVE A
CHEMICAL REACTION BUT THE MOST
COMMON IS FIRE OR COMBUSTION
#29 CHANGES OF STATE
– SOLIDS
– LIQUIDS
– GASES

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