MODALS
WHAT IS MODALS?
Modals auxiliary or
modals is to helping
verbs. Also it is to express
necessity or possibility.
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KINDS
OF
MODALS
- WILL
- SHALL
- MUST
- MAY
- SHOULD
- CAN
WILL (AKAN)
• S + Will + V1 + O + Adverb (This one
is optional). (Positive)
• S + will + not/(Won’t) + V1 + O +
Adverb (This one is optional).
(Negative)
• Will + S + V1 + O + Adverb (This on
is optional) +?
(Interrogative)
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EXAMPLE
• She will bake a cake for the • She __________ (call) you when she
party. arrives.
• Will the meeting start on time? • He will finish his homework tonight.
(Change it into negative)
• Will you marry me?
• They __________ (not/attend) the
• I will not/(won't) forget your concert because they’re sick.
birthday again.
• The teacher will explain the lesson
• The sun will rise at 5:30 AM again. (Change it into negative)
tomorrow. • What will you do after school
• They won't accept late today? (Answer the questions.)
submissions. • Will she become his girlfriend?
(Answer the questions.)
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SHALL (AKAN)
• Subject + shall + Verb 1 (V1) + ...
(Positive)
• Shall + Subject + Verb 1 (V1) + ...?
(Interrogative)
• Subject + shall not (shan't) + Verb
1 (V1) + ... (Negative)
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EXAMPLE
• I shall attend the meeting
tomorrow
• Shall we go now?
• We shall arrive by 8 PM.
• Shall I help you with that?
• You shall not pass!
• We shan't be late.
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NOTE :
• Differences between Shall and Will is located on how we using it.
• Example “Shall” is tend more formal and the subject only using I. We, You
• “Will” is for common words, also the every subject can use it. (I, We, You,
She, He, They, It)
• “Shall” is not common on American English, using “Shall” is for formal
use. For British, sometimes it is for advice, offering, and promise
(especially with Subject I and We)
MUST (HARUS)
• S + Must + V1
(Positive)
• Must + S + V1...?
(Interrogative)
• S + must not/mustn’t + V1
(Negative)
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EXAMPLE
• You must wear a helmet • You must feed the dog before noon.
when riding. (Change it into negative)
• He must wash his hands before
• Must I attend the meeting? eating.
• She must finish the report by (Change it into negative)
5 PM. • She must finish the project tonight.
(Change it into intterogative)
• You must not smoke here.
• All visitors must register at the
• Must they pay in advance? front desk.
(Change it into intterogative)
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MAY (BOLEH)
• S + may + V1 (Positive)
• S + will + not/(Won’t) + V1.
(Negative)
• May + S + V1...?
(Interrogative)
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EXAMPLE
• She may join us later. • You may leave early today. (Change
it into negative)
• May we leave early today?
• I may visit my grandparents this
• Students may not chew gum weekend. (Change it into
in class. intterogative)
• May I use your phone? (Change it
• He may not remember the into positive and negative.)
password.
• May we eat in the classroom?
• You may use my laptop. (Change it into positive and
negative.)
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SHOULD (SEBAIKNYA)
• Usually it used for advice.
• Logical Prediction.
Rumus
- S + Should + V1 (Positive)
- S + Should Not + V1 (Negative)
- Should + S + V1 (Interrogative)
EXAMPLE
Fill the blanks using the Should or
Should not.
• You should drink more water. • You ______ (eat) more vegetables to
stay healthy.
• We should help the poor.
• Students ______ (cheat) during
• Should Andi do the exams. It's dishonest.
homework? • She looks tired. She ______ (take) a
• Amita should not go with her break.
boyfriend. • We ______ (waste) water because
it's a precious resource.
• He ______ (drive) so fast; it's
dangerous.
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CAN (BOLEH)
It usually used for :
- Ability
- Informal Permision
- Possibility
Rumus
- S + can + V1 (Positive)
- S + Cannot + V1 (Negative)
- Can + S + V1 (Interrogative)
EXAMPLE
Fill the blanks with can or can’t.
My little sister ______ (swim) yet
• Perdi can ride the bike. because she's only 3 years old.
• Dad, can I go to my ______ you ______ (speak) Japanese? I
boyfriend house? need help translating this.
Elephants ______ (fly) – that's
• The heavy rain can cause a impossible!
landslide
I ______ (hear) the music clearly.
• You Can not go to the Please turn up the volume!
hospital. Change it into negative.
Cats can climb trees very well.
My grandfather can use a
smartphone.
We can finish the project tonight.
THANK YOU