GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,SALEM-11
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
RELAY BASED AUTO-PHASE SELECTOR
TEAM MEMBERS SUPERVISOR
Dr. K. LOGAVANI , M.E., Ph.D
INDHUMATHI G 61772241012 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
PAVITHRA V 61772141033
SRI HARINI S 61772241047 Year/ Semester : Third/ Sixth
KANISHKA V M 61772241501 Review No : 2
Review Date : 03/04/2025
10/31/2025 1
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
➢ Flow Chart
➢ Design Methodology
➢ Circuit Diagram
➢ Components Description
➢ Project Schedule
➢ References
RELA 2
FLOW CHART
3
METHODOLOGY
[Link] Phase Monitoring:
Continuously monitor voltage levels of R, Y, and B phases using
sensing circuits.
[Link] Detection and Comparison:
Use comparators to detect phase failure (absence or drop of voltage in
any phase).
[Link] Making (Control Logic):
If the currently used phase fails, the system logic decides the next
available healthy phase automatically. Priority order (optional): R → Y → B.
4
[Link] via Relays:
Relays are used to physically switch the connection to the working
phase without manual intervention.
[Link] Connection:
Once a healthy phase is selected, the load remains connected without
interruption.
[Link] Operation:
The system keeps monitoring and switching if necessary to ensure stable
load supply at all times.
5
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
6
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS IMAGE
TRANSFORMER A step-down transformer is used
to convert the 230V AC mains
voltage to a safer 12V AC. It
provides electrical isolation and a
suitable low voltage for further
rectification and regulation
stages.
IN 4007 DIODE 1N4007 is a rectifier diode,
designed specifically for circuits
that need to convert alternating
current to direct current. It can
pass currents of up to 1 A, and
have peak inverse voltage (PIV)
rating of 1,000 V.
7
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS IMAGE
The BC547 is a NPN transistor
BC547 - meaning when power is applied to
TRANSISTOR the base (control pin) it will flow
from the collector to the emitter. -
Used for switching operations and
signal amplification. In this project,
it helps in controlling the relay
based on logic signals from the
comparator circuit.
A Zener diode used for voltage
regulation and protection.
Maintains a constant voltage (5.6V)
ZENER DIODE across sensitive components.
Ensures stable operation of the
control and switching circuits.
8
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS IMAGE
A pull-up or pull-down
resistor .Used in biasing
transistor base terminals or in
RESISTOR
voltage divider circuits for
setting reference voltages.
An electrolytic capacitor used
for filtering purposes.
Smoothens the DC output from
CAPACITOR the rectifier, reducing voltage
ripples to provide clean DC
power to the control circuit.
9
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS IMAGE
An electromagnetic switch
controlled by the low voltage DC
from the logic circuit. It switches the
OHM RELAY load between phases based on
control signals, ensuring automatic
phase selection.
Light Emitting Diode used for
indication. Shows the status of phase
availability, relay operation, or
LED circuit working condition visually to
the user.
A variable resistor used for fine
adjustments. Helps in setting the
sensitivity or threshold voltage
POTENTIOMETER levels for phase loss detection or
voltage comparison.
10
PROJECT SCHEDULE
LAST WEEK FEB 2nd WEEK APR 4th WEEK APR
Component procurement Project demonstration Final report submission
3rd WEEK MAR 3rd WEEK APR
Formulation phase Calibration of device
CONTACTLESS DIGITAL TACHOMETER 11
REFERENCES
1. Soni Allewar, Shubham Umredkar, Shubham Wakodikar, Prasanna Pothi, and Priyanka Gaurkhede,
“An Automatic Phase Selector from any Available Three Phase Supply System,” International Journal
of Advanced Innovative Technology in Engineering, Special Issue 2(1), pp. 375–378, May 2023.
2. Prof. C.N. Bhoyar, Abhijeet Awaze, Aniket Raut, Alpesh Jambhulkar, Samiksha Khadse, and Shubham
Bagga, “Automatic Load Shifting and Phase Balancing,” International Research Journal of
Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science (IRJMETS), vol. 4, issue 4, pp. 1295–1300,
April 2022.
3. Prof. Prashant Chaugule, Kendhale Ambadas, Rathod Lokpal, Sabale Akshay, and Khavane Kishor,
“Automatic Active Phase Selector,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Science,
Engineering and Technology (IJSRSET), NCICEST – 2019, pp. 112–115.
CONTACTLESS DIGITAL TACHOMETER 12
THANK YOU
CONTACTLESS DIGITAL TACHOMETER 13