Java Programming Practical
Session
Worksheet 2: Variables, Data Types,
and Operators
Learning Objectives
• By the end of this session, students should be
able to:
– Identify and use different Java data types.
– Declare and initialize variables correctly.
– Perform operations using arithmetic, relational,
and logical operators.
– Write small programs applying operators and
expressions.
Variables in Java
• A variable is a container for storing data values.
Syntax:
dataType variableName = value;
Example:
int age = 20;
String name = "John";
Rules:
– Must begin with a letter.
– Cannot contain spaces or special symbols (except _ and $).
– Java is case-sensitive.
Data Types in Java
• Java data types are divided into two categories:
1. **Primitive Data Types**
- byte, short, int, long (integer types)
- float, double (floating-point types)
- char (character type)
- boolean (true/false)
2. **Non-Primitive Data Types**
• - String, Arrays, Classes, Interfaces
Example Program
public class VariableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int age = 22;
double gpa = 3.75;
char grade = 'A';
boolean passed = true;
[Link]("Age: " + age);
[Link]("GPA: " + gpa);
[Link]("Grade: " + grade);
[Link]("Passed: " + passed);
}
}
Operators in Java
• Java supports various types of operators:
• Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
• Relational: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
• Logical: &&, ||, !
• Assignment: =, +=, -=, *=, /=
• Increment/Decrement: ++, --
Practical Exercise
• Task 1: Create a Java program that stores and
prints your age, GPA, and university name.
• Task 2: Write a program that calculates the
average of three numbers entered by the user.
• Task 3: Demonstrate the use of arithmetic and
logical operators in a short program.
Coding Challenge
• Write a Java program that determines whether a
student passes or fails based on the following rules:
• A student passes if GPA >= 2.0 and attendance >= 75%
Sample Input:
GPA = 2.5
Attendance = 80
Expected Output:
Student Passed
Reflection Questions
• What are the differences between primitive
and non-primitive data types?
• Why must you declare a data type when
creating a variable?
• How do logical operators help in decision-
making?
• What would happen if you use an uninitialized
variable?
Summary
• In this session, you learned how to:
• • Declare and use variables.
• • Understand Java data types.
• • Apply different operators in expressions.
• Next Session: Control Structures (if, else,
switch).