GENETIC CODE
PRANEETHA
ROLL NO:128
.Genetic code is a particular sequence of nucleotide that tells which
amino acids are to be linked together to form a protein.
.61 codons code for 20 amino acids found in protein.
.The nucleotides are oraganised into triplet code words called codons.
.The codon consists of four nucleotide bases :
Purines-adenine(A) , Guanine(G)
Pyramidines –Cytosine(C) , Uracil(U)
.The nucleotide sequence of the codon on mRNA is written from 5’-end to
3’-end.
4
[Link]:
The same codons are used for the same amino acids in all species.
The genetic code has been conserved during the course of
evolution.
[Link]:
A particular codon always codes for the same amino acid,hence the
genetic code is highly specific or unambiguous.
[Link]-overlapping:
The genetic code is read from a fixed point as a continuous base
[Link] is non-overlapping and commaless without any
punctuations.
[Link]-punctuated:
There is no punctuation between the [Link] is continuous.
[Link]:
Each codon corresponds to single amino [Link] a amino acid may
have more than one codon.
EX: serine has 6 codons ,while glycine has 4.
- If any amino acid has more than one codon,the first two bases in the
in the codon will be the same only third one changes.
This reduces the effect of mutations.
6
[Link] phenomenon:
The reduced stringency between the
third base of codon and the
complementory nucleotide in the
anticodon is called wobbling.
The pairing of codon and anticodon
can wobble at third letter.
EX: The two codons for arginine-
AGA &AGG can fit
in UCU anticodon.
Possible effects of changing a single nucleotide base in the coding
region of mRNA chain.
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