DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM
Honeywell experion PKS R300
Abstract
In this session
Acquire basic understanding of Distributed control
system
Understand how the power distributed through out the
DCS
DCS Basics..
Computerized control system for a process or plant usually with a
large number of control loops with each component sub-system
controlled by one or more controllers.
These distributed controllers are connected to both field devices
and operating PCs through the high speed communication
networks .
Distributed Control System continuously interacts with the
processes in process control applications once it gets instruction
from the operator.
Its human machine interface (HMI), face plates and trend display
gives the effective monitoring of industrial processes.
How it differs from PLC?
A PLC can only handle a few thousand I/O points or less. It’s
just not as scalable as a DCS, which can handle many
thousands of I/O points and more easily accommodate new
equipment, process enhancements and data integration.
A DCS combines one or more PLCs with an HMI, and allows
the integrator to build both together.
Redundant Controllers and Servers.
Historical data and trending
Alarms, More sophisticated HMI graphics and faceplates and
etc.
System Architecture of DCS.
Controllers (C300)
Supervisory Control over the entire System.
Firewall Protected.
Control algorithms and configuration of various
devices are executed in the controller.
It receives the instructions from the
engineering station like set point and other
parameters and directly controls field devices.
It can sense and control both analog and digital
inputs / outputs by analog and digital I/O
modules. These modules are extendable
according to the number of inputs and
outputs.
Control Firewall (CF9)
A firewall is a network security system,
either hardware- or software-based, that
uses rules to control incoming and outgoing
network traffic.
A firewall acts as a barrier between a
trusted network and an un-trusted network.
Eight Ports on each Firewall Provides FTE
Connection to C300 Controllers( HRSG1A,
1B, BOP, ELEC)
Two numbers of Firewall connected to the
network to achieve the network redundancy.
Process Manager I/O
Various I/O modules for Analog Inputs, Analog
outputs, Digital Inputs, Digital outputs RTDs&
TCs connected to PMIO Rack
This Input and Output Processor is responsible
for all I/O scanning, Processing and conversion
to digital formats acceptable by the IOLINK.
Maximum of 40 Logical IOPs can be configured.
FTA ( Field Terminal Assembly)
All process connection (From field
Instruments & MCC) are made at the
field terminal assembly through fused
TBs( if required).
Provides signal conditioning.
Communicate with PMIO through FTA
Cables.
Servers.
Dell Power edge T610
Operating System –
Windows server 2003.
Dual Intel Xeon
processors Powered
@2.80GHZ
Dual SMPS Powered.
2 GB of RAM.
Operating Station or HMI
HMI (Human Machine Interface) is a medium for
information exchange and mutual communication
between electromechanical system's and the user.
It is used to monitor entire plant parameters
graphically and to log the data in plant database
systems.
Trend display of various process parameters
provides the effective display and easy
monitoring.
These operating stations are of different types
such as some operating stations (PC’s) used to
monitor only parameters, some for only trend
display, some for data logging and alarming
requirements. These can also be configured to
have control capabilities.
Communication Media and Protocol.
Communication media - Copper Cables, Co-axial Cable,
FO Cables, Ethernet Cables and Serial Cables ( RS-232 ,
Rs-485 etc)
Communication protocols selected depends on the
number of devices to be connected to this network.
For example, RS232 supports only for 2 devices and
Profibus for 126 devices or nodes. Some of these
protocols include Ethernet(TCP/IP), Device Net,
foundation filed bus, modbus, CAN, etc.
In DCS, two or more communication protocols can be
used.
Communication Media and Protocol…
Power Supply Distribution.
Major Components which are required Power?
Controllers and Firewalls.
IO Module ( Field instruments).
Field Termination Assembly .
Servers and Work Stations.
Ethernet Switches.
Relays for Digital Output.( MOVs, MCC, SOVs)
Fan & Lights.
GPS for time Synchronization.
LVS ( Large Video Screen)
Block Diagram.
PMIO(Process Manager Input & Output) Power Supply..
Provides Power for Controllers, IO
Modules
Two PMIO Power Supply used for
Redundancy.
Alkaline Batteries are used for RAM,
So that it can store the
configurations up to 56Hrs when
both the power supply fails.
Bulk Power Supply
Provides Power for Digital
Input and Digital output
Termination Assembly.
Quint Diode Used for ‘ORing’
function.
Input-230VAC output-24VDC.
250mA Fuses used for
Protection.
DC Regulated Power Supply.
Provides Power for Digital
Output contacts via Relays.
Providing the Power required
for Commands to the MOVs,
MCC feeders, SOVs.
Input-230VAC output-24VDC.
1A Fuses used for Protection
in the each contact.