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Understanding Visual Encoding in Data Visualization

Visual encoding is the process of mapping information to display elements, which can enhance cognitive abilities through external aids. Poor visual encodings can hinder task performance and make information difficult to locate. Effective visualizations should adhere to principles of consistency and importance, ensuring that the most critical information is represented clearly and accurately.

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NIiru Basnet
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34 views23 pages

Understanding Visual Encoding in Data Visualization

Visual encoding is the process of mapping information to display elements, which can enhance cognitive abilities through external aids. Poor visual encodings can hinder task performance and make information difficult to locate. Effective visualizations should adhere to principles of consistency and importance, ensuring that the most critical information is represented clearly and accurately.

Uploaded by

NIiru Basnet
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Visual Encoding Defined

• “Visual encoding is the mapping of information to display elements”


• Tamara Munzner, Ph.D. dissertation [Link]

1
“. . . [H]uman intelligence is highly flexible and adaptive, superb at
inventing procedures and objects that overcome its own limits. The
real powers come from devising external aids that enhance cognitive
abilities.

2
“How have we increased memory, thought, and reasoning? By the
invention of external aids: It is things that make us smart.”
- Don Norman

3
Poor Encodings ...
• May reduce task performance
• May make information hard to find

4
[Link]
Choosing Visual Encodings

•Assume k visual encodings and n


data attributes. We would like to
pick the “best” encoding among a
combinatorial set of possibilities of
size (n+1)^k
Principle of Consistency

•The properties of the image (visual


variables) should match the properties
of the data.
Principle of Importance
Ordering

•Encode the most important


information in the most
effective way.
Design Criteria

• Expressiveness
• Express all the facts in the set of data

• Effectiveness
• One Vs Other
• One visualization is more readily perceived than the information in the other
visualization.
Design Criteria DO’s

• Tell the truth and nothing but the truth


• Use encodings that people decode better
• Use interaction to generate relevant views
• Use space and small multiples intelligently
Design Criteria Don’t’s

• Reduce the problem space


• More Encoding
• Confusing Colors
Encoding data using visual cues
Why Visualize ?
Doctor Vs Payment

Secondary
Color
Bar Vs alignment
Same Data, Different Visualization
Starti
ng
Point
=?
Starting
Point =?
For Handful of countries
For Numerous States/ Countries
Use of Color

What is color
wheel?
Home Work
• Explain in Brief Sequential, Divergent, Qualitative use of color.
• Color Schemes RGB , HEX, CMYK, HSL, HSV/B
• Colorizer is one of several web apps for picking colors and converting values
from one model to another.
References
• [Link]
R1hV-ubVLRgT63jJlZ7W59gs8w_0-o64jZ9usuMaLhpfqAOc3w7FZ-i5gA
• [Link]

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