Introducti
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on to Web
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Developm
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INSTALL
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Hypertext
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1 Hello World
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What is HTML? 1
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● HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. 0
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● HTML is the standard markup language for 0
creating Web pages. 1
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0 ● HTML describes the structure of a Web page 0
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1 ● HTML consists of a series of element 0
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● HTML elements tell the browser how to display
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● HTML elements label pieces of content such as
1 "this is heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is
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History of HTML
WHATWG HTML5 First Public
2008
Draft
YEAR Version WHATWG HTML5 Living The WHATWG (Web
2012 Hypertext Application
Standard
1 Tim Berners-Lee invented Technology Working
01989 www 2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5 Group) and W3C (World
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Wide Web Consortium)
Tim Berners-Lee invented W3C Candidate have both influenced HTML's1
01991 2016
HTML Recommendation: HTML 5.1
1 development, with 0
0 W3C Recommendation: 1
2017
11993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+ HTML5.1 2nd Edition WHATWG's "Living Standard"0
0 0
0 W3C Recommendation: approach continuously 1
HTML Working Group defined 2017 HTML5.2 updating HTML. 0
11995
0 HTML 2.0 0
WHATWG HTML Living
1 2018 W3C recommendations 1
W3C Recommendation: HTML Standard (Ongoing Updates)
01997
3.2 continue to maintain HTML 0
1 W3C and WHATWG signed 1
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versions for stability and 1
agreement → WHATWG
1999
W3C Recommendation: HTML consistency. 0
2019 Living Standard became the
4.01 1
single official HTML
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W3C Recommendation: standard 1
2000 HTML maintained only as
XHTML 1.0 2020–
WHATWG HTML Living
Present
Standard (ongoing updates)
HTML Elements
An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag: 1
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<tagname>Content goes here...</tagname> 0
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The
0 HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag as shown in 0
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the screenshot below 0
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HTML Elements
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HTML tags
HTML tags are the hidden keywords 1
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within a web page that define how your 0
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web browser must format and display the 0
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1 content. Most tags must have two parts, 1
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an opening and a closing part. 1
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Note that the closing tag has the same 0
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text as the opening tag, but has an
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additional forward-slash ( / ) character
Simple HTML Document
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Simple HTML Document
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Example Explained
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Your first HTML Program
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TML Block and Inline Element
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HTML Block Element
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HTML Block Element
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HTML Inline Element
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HTML Attributes
HTML attributes provide additional information about HTML
elements.
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• All HTML elements can have attributes
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Attributes are always specified in the start tag 0
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0• Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name="value" 1
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The href Attribute
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The <a> tag defines a hyperlink. The href attribute specifies the URL of the page
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the link goes to:
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<a href="[Link] 1
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Facebook</a>
The src Attribute
The <img> tag is used to embed an image in an HTML page. The src attribute
specifies the path to the image to be displayed:
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<img src="img_flower.jpg">
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There are two ways to specify the URL in the src
attribute
Absolute URL - Links to an external image that is hosted on
another website.
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Example:
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src="[Link]
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Notes: External images might be under copyright. If you do
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not get permission to use it, you may be in violation of
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copyright laws. In addition, you cannot control external images;
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it can suddenly be removed or changed. 1
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HTML Attributes
Relative URL - Links to an image that is hosted within the
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website. Here, the URL does not include the domain name. If
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Example: 0
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src="img_girl.jpg". If the URL begins with a slash, it will be 1
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relative to the domain. Example: 0
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src="/images/img_flower.jpg". 0
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Tip: It is almost always best to use relative URLs. They will
HTML Headings
HTML headings are titles or subtitles that you want to
display on a webpage.
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HTML Text Formatting
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HTML Paragraphs
A paragraph always starts on a new line, and is usually a block of
text.
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HTML Styles
The HTML style attribute is used to add styles to an element, such as color,
font, size, and more.
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<tagname style="property:value;
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"> 1
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HTML Styles
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HTML Lists
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HTML unordered lists
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HTML ordered lists
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HTML table
HTML tables allow web developers to arrange data into rows and columns.
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Table
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Each
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td stands for table data.
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tr stands for table row. 0
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use the <th> tag instead of the <td> tag: 1
th stands for table header. 1
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HTML table
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HTML Table -
Colspan
HTML Table - Colspan
1 To make a cell span over multiple columns, use the
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colspan attribute:
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HTML Table -
rowspan
HTML Table - Rowspan
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the rowspan attribute:
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