Safe Injection
+ Practice
Prepared By: Amani Monther
Kawsar Jabar
Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false
As long as both the surgeon and assistant are careful,
O1
directly passing the scalpel from one to another is relatively
safe practice
O2 Most occupationally acquired blood born infections are the result
of preventable accidents with needles or other sharps
Housekeeping staff are rarely at risk of injury of infections caused by sharps,
O3 because they are not involved directly in client care activity
Unsafe
Practice O4 Breaking the needle before disposing in reducing the risk of infections
O5 Dispose of the needle and syringe in a puncture resistant sharp container
is reducing the risk of infections
O6 HIV is most easily transmitted after a needle stick injury.
Changing the needle but not the syringe between injections is minimizing
O7 the possibility of injury
Preventing Preventing needle- Preventing needle-
Outline Injection Safety
contamination sticks Access
Definition of Problems of Practices Recipient of Health workers General public
unsafe unsafe injections that harm injections
injections
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contamination sticks Access
Unsafe injections
Injections that harm the recipient, the provider, or that result in waste
that is dangerous for other people.
Preventing Preventing needle- Preventing needle-
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• WHO estimates that 12 billion injections administered
each year; 50 % (6 Billion) of which are considered
unsafe
• 2002 WHO conducted a review of injection procedures
in the Region.
Problems Only 74% of injections were administered safely
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No Harm
1 No harm to the recipient
2 No harm to the health-care
worker
3 No harm to the community
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Using sterile injection equipment
1 Use a sterile syringe and needle for
each injection and to reconstitute
each unit of medication 3 Discard a needle or syringe if the
package has been punctured,
torn or damaged by exposure to
moisture
2 Ideally, use a new, quality-
controlled single use syringe
and needle.
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Preventing contamination of
equipment and medication
• Prepare each injection in a clean, designated
area where the risk of blood or body fluid
contamination is minimal.
• Rationale:
HBV persists at least seven days in the
environment.
HBV can be detected on surfaces in healthcare
settings posing a risk of transmission.
Preventing Preventing needle- Preventing needle-
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Preventing contamination of equipment
and medication
• Always pierce the septum of multidose vials
with a sterile needle
• Avoid leaving a needle in place in the Stopper
Rationale:
• A needle left in the septum of a multi-dose vial
is a door open to contamination
• This practice, associated with the reuse of
injection equipment on the same patient,leads
to cross-infection
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contamination sticks Access
Preventing contamination of equipment
and medication
• Protect fingers with a clean barrier(e.g., small
gauze pad) when opening ampoules
Rationale:
• A clean barrier may protect fingers from
ampoule breaks
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Preventing contamination of equipment
and medication
• Discard a needle that has touched any
non-sterile surface
Rationale:
• Hands and environmental surfaces are
non sterile, particularly in healthcare
settings
• Medical devices may become
contaminated with bacteria if touched
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Preventing needle-sticks:
• Anticipate and take measures to prevent sudden
patient movement during and after injection
• No recapping. If recapping is necessary, use a
single-handed scoop technique
• Collect used syringes and needles at the point of
use in a sharps container that is sealed before
completely full.
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Preventing Access to Used Needles
• Seal sharps containers for transport to a secure
area.
• After closing and sealing, do not open, empty,
reuse or sell them
Rational :
• Presence of sharps outside of sharps containers
leads to needle-stick injuries
• Opening, emptying or reusing sharps containers
leads to needle-stick injuries
• In some countries, used syringes have a value and
they can be reprocessed and repackaged, leading
to infection among patients
Preventing Preventing needle- Preventing
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Preventing Access to Used Needles
Preventing needle stick injury
Do NOT recap needles
Do NOT bend needles
Do NOT manually remove needles
from syringes
Do NOT transport without sharp
container or safety boxes
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Preventing Access to Used Needles
UNSAFE SAFE
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Preventing Access to Used Needles
Sharp Containers should be:
leak-proof
Puncture-proof
Clearly labelled with warning (easy for
people to understand)
Do not overfill (only 3/4th is safe)
Do not transfer contents to other
containers