IDA-Based Performance
Assessment of Dual Wall-Frame
Systems in ETABS"
Under the Guidance of : Batch no : 107
Smt. N. Lalitha Kumari T . Niveditha Reddy - 014
Assistant Professor K . Varshith Goud - 029
T. Rakshith Kumar - 050
INTRODUCTIO
• IDA N
is a method where a structure is subjected to a suite of earthquake ground motions
scaled incrementally until collapse or limit states are reached.
• Performance assessment is the process of evaluating a building’s behavior during
earthquakes by comparing its response—such as drifts, forces, and damage levels—
against predefined safety.
• Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) is an approach where buildings are
designed and evaluated to meet specific performance objectives
• Structural systems are the load-bearing components of a building or other structure that
are designed to withstand various forces and transmit them safely to the ground.
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• It helps determine whether the structure meets objectives like Immediate
Occupancy, Life Safety, or Collapse Prevention at different seismic intensities.
• We are conducting the IDA-Based Performance Assessment of a building in
ETABS by first designing and analyzing it with a conventional system, then
redesigning it using a dual wall-frame structural system.
• By comparing the results from both, we can evaluate how the dual system
improves seismic performance across different intensity levels, ensuring safer
and more efficient designs in earthquake-prone areas.
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TYPES OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
• Load-Bearing Wall System
• Moment-Resisting Frame System
• Shear Wall System
• Braced Frame System
• Dual System (Wall + Frame)
• Outrigger and Belt Truss System
• Tubular Systems
• Space Frame / Space Truss
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Load-Bearing Wall System
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TYPES OF BRACINGS
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DUAL WALL FRAME SYSTEMS
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DUAL WALL FRAME SYSTEMS
• A Dual Wall-Frame System is a structural system that combines reinforced
concrete (RC) or steel moment-resisting frames with reinforced concrete shear
walls to resist both gravity and lateral loads.
• Moment-resisting frames provide flexibility and help control ductility
• Shear walls provide stiffness and strength, reducing lateral drift and improving
overall stability.
• Dual systems are often preferred in high-rise and earthquake-prone areas because
they balance strength, stiffness, and ductility effectively
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LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Researchers
Experimental findings
investigated *RC dual wall- Conclusion
frame and shear wall building systems*Across studies, dual wall-
Cando, M.A.; Hube, using *performance-based seismic designframe and shear wall systems
1. (PBSD)* methodologies, primarilygenerally demonstrated
M.A.; Parra, P.F.; 202 following *FEMA P-58 [Link] seismic safety
Arteta, C.A. Nonlinear 3D finite-element models wereunder code-conforming
0 developed in software like **Perform-3Ddesigns, with low collapse
and ETABS, and **Incremental Dynamicprobabilities in many cases.
Analysis (IDA)* was carried out with suites
However, the results showed
of ground-motion records (mainly Chilean
*significant variability*
subduction earthquakes). Buildings of
depending on soil type, hazard
varying heights (7-storey, 16-storey, and
20-storey archetypes) and differentintensity, and building height.
soil/seismic conditions were [Link]-rise and some tall dual
Collapse fragility functions and risk metricswall-frame buildings met the
such as *mean annual collapse frequencyASCE life-safety targets,
(λc)* and *50-year collapse probabilitywhile taller shear wall
(Pc(50))* were computed to evaluate safetystructures exhibited *higher
margins. 0
collapse risks, sometimes
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
Mustafa Kamil The study investigated reinforced The study found that ASCE 41
2. criteria were satisfied while TBI
Buniya 202 concrete lateral-force resisting
systems through nonlinear and LATBSDC limits were not,
showing guideline inconsistencies.
0 dynamic analysis. Three areas were
Collapse capacity depended on
explored: performance of RC
moment frames under ASCE 41, ground motion selection, with
TBI, and LATBSDC guidelines; CSS giving conservative results.
collapse capacity of 12-story shear Damping choice mainly affected
wall and frame buildings using story forces but not drift or
CSS, IDA, and FEMA P695; and collapse fragility.
effects of Rayleigh versus modal
damping models on seismic
response.
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
This research provides a
This master's thesis focused on the
thorough evaluation of the
3. Shahaboddin seismic performance evaluation of
seismic performance of
Mousavi Azad 200 reinforced concrete shear wall systems,
reinforced concrete shear walls,
which are critical components of a
Kasmaei demonstrating their effectiveness
8 building's lateral force-resisting system.
as a key force-resisting system.
The research regime involved a
The thesis concludes that a
comprehensive analysis of these walls,
meticulous approach to the
likely using numerical modeling and
design of these elements is
established
paramount for ensuring building
PBSD engineering principles. The
safety and resilience, providing
study assessed the behavior of the
valuable data ,methodologies for
structures under simulated seismic
civil engineers&researchers to
events to evaluate their capacity,
enhance earthquake-resistant
ductility, and overall resistance to
design practices.
earthquake-induced forces.
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
This collective research utilizes various
Wang, Y., The combined findings
4. advanced methodologies, including the
demonstrate that the seismic
Pejmanfar, S., & 200 FEMA P-58 framework and
performance, economic losses,
Tirca; Tirca, L., Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA),
and collapse risk of steel
Chen, L., &
7 to assess the seismic performance and
structures are significantly
risk of steel-framed buildings.
influenced by a variety of factors,
Tremblay, R.; Experimental regimes included analysis
including earthquake
Vamvatsikos, D., of prototype buildings under artificial
characteristics and the
ground motions, testing of
& Cornell, C.A.; assumptions made in structural
concentrically braced frames against
Hwang S.H., & modeling. This underscores the
crustal and subduction earthquakes,
importance of robust, detailed
Lignos, D. and investigating the impact of
analysis methods for improving
different modeling assumptions on
seismic design and ensuring the
calculated risk and collapse probability.
safety of buildings.
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
The findings provide a critical
This study numerically assessed the
Gallegos, M.F., evaluation of the seismic resilience
5. seismic collapse performance of mid-
of this building type. The study
Araya-Letelier, 202 rise reinforced concrete dual wall-
concluded that subduction
G., Lopez-Garcia, frame buildings. The experimental
earthquakes pose a significant risk
D. & Parra, P.F.
3 regime involved subjecting these
to these structures and that current
structural models to a large set of
design practices may need to be re-
ground motions specifically from
evaluated to account for the unique
subduction zone [Link]
characteristics of these ground
research aimed to identify & analyze
[Link] research contributes
the structural behavior and potential for
valuable data for performance-
collapse under these specific seismic
based seismic engineering, the
hazards, which are known for their
importance of tailoring design
long-duration and high intensity
methodologies to specific regional
characteristics that can be particularly
seismic hazards
damaging to buildings
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
This study examines the use ofThe research concluded that a
Benavides, F., B. performance-based design in reinforceddetailed performance-based design
6. concrete shear wall buildings withmethodology is essential for
Ibarra, P. Parra & 201 flexible diaphragms. The experimentalaccurately predicting the seismic
J.C. de la Llera regime involved the use of twobehavior of buildings with flexible
7 methodologies: Incremental Dynamicdiaphragms. It was found that
Analysis (IDA) Multiple Stripesneglecting diaphragm flexibility
Analysis (MSA) to assess the seismiccan lead to an underestimation of
performance. They used a set of 30the structural response and
ground motion records, scaling them topotential for collapse, particularly
different seismic intensity levels toin taller buildings. The study
simulate earthquake scenarios. Thehighlights the need for a more
research focused on understanding thecomprehensive approach to seismic
impact of diaphragm flexibility on thedesign that effects of flexible
overall seismic response diaphragms
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
The study focused on the seismicThe thesis concludes that the
7. Yousuf, Md design and performance of steelseismic design provisions of
moment-resisting frame buildings,NBCC 2005 for steel moment-
200 specifically those designed using theresisting frames are generally
NBCC 2005 (National Building Codeadequate for ensuring life safety.
6 of Canada). The experimental regimeHowever, the study identifies
involved the use of non-linear analysisspecific areas where the
to assess the structural response ofperformance could be improved to
these buildings under seismic [Link] non-structural damage and
The research evaluated theminimize economic losses. The
effectiveness of the design provisionsresearch highlights the importance
in the NBCC 2005, examining how theof detailed design and the need to
buildings would perform under variousgo beyond minimum code
earthquake scenarios. The work likelyrequirements to achieve a higher
included a comparison of design level of seismic performance.
LITERATURE REVIEW
[Link] Author Year Experimental findings Conclusion
The study focused on the seismic The research concluded that both
Ruiz de la Llera, performance of a 10-story steel the performance-based design and
8. moment-resisting frame building, direct displacement-based design
J. M 200 comparing three distinct design methodologies provide more
methodologies: conventional force-
8 based design, performance-based
consistent and reliable results for
predicting structural performance
design (PBD), and DBD. The compared to the conventional
experimental regime involved force-based design. The study
conducting non-linear time-history found that while the force-based
analyses using a suite of 20 different design met current code
earthquake records. The primary requirements, it failed to ensure a
objective was to assess the ability of consistent level of performance
each design method to achieve a across different seismic events.
predictable and uniform level of The PBD and DBD has more
seismic performance, specifically by control on drift.
evaluating the drift,yield at ground.
NEED FOR THE
• Traditional seismic design methods mainly focus on strength requirements and do
STUDY
not explicitly evaluate how a structure will perform at different damage stages
during an earthquake
• Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) addresses this gap by assessing
structures at defined performance levels such as Immediate Occupancy, Life
Safety, Collapse, and Collapse Prevention.
• Indian seismic codes currently do not fully incorporate PBSD concepts, leading
to a gap between code compliance and realistic performance evaluation.
• Understanding the difference between traditional methods and PBSD is essential for
improving safety, serviceability, and resilience in earthquake-prone regions.
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OBJECTIVES OF THE
STUDY
• To model a G+9 building in ETABS
• To model a dual wall frame sytem
• To perform Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) on the structure.
• To compare results—such as drifts—between the building with and without the
dual wall-frame system.
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METHODOLOG
Y Model
1. Building
• A GDevelopment
+ 9 reinforced concrete building is modeled in ETABS.
• Two cases are considered for comparison:
Conventional building (moment resisting frame only)
Building with structural system (dual system with frame and shear walls).
2. Assumptions &
•
Inputs
Raw ground-motion data is directly used for dynamic analysis.
• No seismic zone factor is specified.
• No response reduction factor (R) is applied.
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3. Nonlinear Modelling
in ETABS
• Beams and columns modeled with nonlinear frame elements and plastic hinges at
critical locations.
• Shear walls modeled using nonlinear shell elements.
• P–Δ effects are included.
• Damping is considered as 5% modal damping for dynamic analysis.
4. Incremental Dynamic
Analysis
• The selected ground-motion records are applied directly without modification.
• Each record is incrementally scaled until structural collapse is reached.
• Nonlinear time history analyses are performed at each scale step for both building
models.
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5. Output Parameters for
• MaximumComparison
storey displacement
• Maximum inter-storey drift
• Node performance.
6. Comparative
Study
• IDA curves are generated for both building types.
• Results are compared based on drift, displacement, and node performance.
• The influence of structural system on seismic performance is evaluated.
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REFERENCE
• Elkassas,S
S., Abdelmooty, M., Fahmy, E. H., & Ahmed, E. Y. (2019). A method for
performance-based seismic design of reinforced concrete frame buildings. System,
1(2).
• Buniya, M. K. (2020). Seismic performance and collapse assessments of reinforced
concrete lateral-force resisting systems.
• Kasmaei, S. M. A. (2008). Seismic performance evaluation of reinforced concrete
shear wall seismic force resisting systems (Master’s thesis, Concordia University).
• Wang, Y., Pejmanfar, S., & Tirca, L. (2019). Intensity-based performance assessment
of middle-rise steel office buildings. In Proceedings of the 12th Canadian
Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Quebec.
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REFERENCE
• Gallegos, S
M. F., Araya-Letelier, G., Lopez-Garcia, D., & Parra, P. F. (2023). Collapse
assessment of mid-rise RC dual wall-frame buildings subjected to subduction
earthquakes. Buildings, 13(4), [Link], S., Abdelmooty, M., Fahmy, E. H., &
Ahmed, E. Y. (2019). A method for performance-based seismic design of reinforced
concrete frame buildings. System, 1(2).
• Yousuf, M. (2006). Seismic design and performance of steel moment resisting frame
buildings designed using NBCC 2005.
• Hassan, W. M., Reyes, J. C., González, C., Pallarés, F. J., & Spinel, J. S. (2021).
Seismic vulnerability and resilience of steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) composite
column buildings with non-seismic details. Engineering Structures, 244, 112810.
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THANK YOU
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