ENCRYPTION
PRESENTED BY: HARRIET ADDIGBO
ENCRYPTION DEFINITION
◎Encryption: Converting data into
a coded form so only authorized
people can read it.
◎Uses algorithms and keys.
◎ Protects data from hackers,
cybercriminals, and unauthorized
access.
◎ Without the key, encrypted data
looks meaningless.
IMPORTANCE OF ENCRYPTION
HIPPA : Health Insurance
Portability and
Accountability Act
• Protects sensitive data (bank details, personal
GDPR : General Data
Protection Regulation
info, medical records).
• Maintains confidentiality, integrity, and
security.
• Required by law in many industries (GDPR,
HIPAA).
• Used in emails, messaging apps, cloud
storage, and online banking.
TYPES OF ENCRYPTION
• Symmetric Encryption
• Same key used to encrypt & • Advanced Encryption Standard
decrypt. (AES) is a highly trusted
• Faster, but key distribution is risky. encryption algorithm used to
• - Example: AES, DES. secure data by converting it
into an unreadable format
• Asymmetric Encryption without the proper key while
• Uses two keys: Public & Private. Data Encryption Standard
• Public key encrypts, Private key
(DES) is a block cipher with a
decrypts. 56-bit key length that has
• Slower but more secure.
played a significant role in data
security.
• Example: RSA.
ENCRYPTION METHODS
• Block Cipher :Encrypts data in fixed-size
blocks (e.g., 128 bits).
• Stream Cipher : Encrypts one bit/byte at
a time.
• Hashing (one-way encryption) :Converts
data into fixed-length hash (e.g., SHA-
256). Cannot be reversed.
ADVANTAGES OF
ENCRYPTION
• Keeps information private.
• Protects against identity theft.
• Maintains trust between businesses and
customers.
• Provides legal compliance.
REAL LIFE APPLICATIONS
• Online Banking Protects transactions (SSL/TLS).
• Messaging Apps :End-to-end encryption
(WhatsApp, Signal).
• Wi-Fi Security : WPA2/WPA3.
• E-commerce : Protects card details during online
purchases.
• Data Storage : Protects files on hard drives &
cloud.
LIMITATIONS OF
ENCRYPTION
• Slows down processing speed.
• Key management can be complex.
• Encrypted data can still be stolen
(though not read).
• If keys are lost, data becomes
inaccessible.
FUTURE OF ENCRYPTION
• Quantum Computing : threatens current
encryption methods.
• Post-Quantum Cryptography : new algorithms
being developed.
• Increasing demand for stronger encryption as
cybercrime grows.
CONCLUSION
• Encryption : core of IT security.
• Protects data from unauthorized access.
• Both symmetric & asymmetric methods
are vital.
• Evolving with technology :key focus for IT
professionals.