Lets’ Check ! ! !

I Complete each statement.

Radius
1.
Center
2.
Semi-circle
3.
Arc
4.
Circle
5.
Diameter
6.
180 degrees
7.
Chord
8.
Lets’ Check ! ! !
II Part of the circle
Radius
1.
chord
2.
diameter
3.
Central
4. angle
Sime-circle
5.
Major
6. arc
Minor
7. arc
Center
8.
Radius
9.
Central
10. angle
Circles
Essential Questions

 How do I identify segments and lines related to

circles?
 How do I use properties of a tangent to a
circle?
Definitions
 A circle is the set of all points in a plane that are
equidistant from a given point called the center of the
circle.
 Radius – the distance from the center to a point on the
circle
 Congruent circles – circles that have the same radius.
 Diameter – the distance across the circle through its
center
Diagram of Important Terms

center

radius
P
diameter

name of circle: P
Definition
 Chord – a segment whose endpoints are points on the
circle. B

A
AB is a chord
Definition
 Central angle – an angle whose vertex is the center of
a circle.

central angle
Definitions
 Minor arc – Part of a circle that measures less than
180°
 Major arc – Part of a circle that measures between
180° and 360°.
 Semicircle – An arc whose endpoints are the endpoints
of a diameter of the circle.
Note : major arcs and semicircles are named with three
points and minor arcs are named with two points
Diagram of Arcs

A
minor arc: AB

major arc: ABD

D B
C
semicircle: BAD
Definitions
 Measure of a minor arc – the measure of its central
angle
 Measure of a major arc – the difference between 360°
and the measure of its associated minor arc.
Definition
 Congruent arcs – two arcs of the same
circle or of congruent circles that have the
same measure
Example 1
 Find the measure of each arc.

a. LM 70°
N 70
L
P
b. MNL 360° - 70° = 290°

c. LMN 180° M
Example 2
 Find the measures of the red arcs. Are the arcs congruent?
A
C

41

41
D

mAC = mDE = 41

Since the arcs are in the same circle, they are congruent!
 Inscribed Angles
and Intercepted
Arcs
Definitions
 Inscribed angle – an angle whose vertex is on a circle
and whose sides contain chords of the circle
 Intercepted arc – the arc that lies in the interior of an
inscribed angle and has endpoints on the angle

intercepted arc

inscribed angle
Measure of an Inscribed Angle Theorem

 If an angle is inscribed in a circle, then its measure is

half the measure of its intercepted arc.

1 C
mADB = mAB D
2 B
Example 1
 Find the measure of the blue arc or angle.

E
a. S R b.
80
F
Q G
T

1
mQTS = 2(90 ) = 180 mEFG = (80 ) = 40
2
 Theorems on
Inscribed Angles
 Congruent Inscribed Angles Theorem
If two inscribed angles of a circle intercept
the same arc, then the angles are
congruent.
A

B
C
D
C  D
Example 2

It is given that mE = 75 . What is mF?

Since E and F both intercept D

the same arc, we know that the
angles must be congruent.
E
mF = 75
F
H
Inscribed Right Triangle Theorem

If an inscribed angle of a circle intercepts

a semicircle, then the angle is a right
angle..

B is a right angle if and only if AC

is a diameter of the circle. B
C
Inscribed Quadrilateral Theorem

If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a circle, then its

opposite angles are supplementary.

F
C

D
G

D, E, F, and G lie on some circle, C if and only if

mD + mF = 180 and mE + mG = 180 .
Example 3
 Find the value of each variable.

D
a. b.
B z
G y 120 E
Q

A 80
2x
F
C
mD + mF = 180 mG + mE = 180
2x = 90
z + 80 = 180 y + 120 = 180
x = 45
z = 100 y = 60
Tangent-Chord Theorem
 If a tangent and a chord intersect at a point on a circle, then
the measure of each angle formed is one half the measure of
its intercepted arc.
B
1
m1 = mAB C
2

1 1
m2 = mBCA 2
2 A
Example 1
Line m is tangent to the circle. Find mRST m
R
102

mRST = 2(102 )
S
mRST = 204

T
Try This!
Line m is tangent to the circle. Find m1

1 R
m1 = (150 )
2 1
m
m1 = 75

150
T
Example 2
BC is tangent to the circle. Find mCBD. C
A
(9x+20)

5x B
2(5x) = 9x + 20

10x = 9x + 20

x = 20
D
mCBD = 5(20 )
mCBD = 100
Interior Intersection Theorem
 If two chords intersect in the interior of a circle, then the
measure of each angle is one half the sum of the measures of
the arcs intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.

1 D
m1 = (mCD + mAB) A
2
1
2
1
m2 = (mAD + mBC) C
2 B
Exterior Intersection Theorem
 If a tangent and a secant, two tangents, or two
secants intersect in the exterior of a circle,
then the measure of the angle formed is one
half the difference of the measures of the
intercepted arcs.
Diagrams for Exterior
Intersection Theorem
B
A P
1
2
Q
C R
1
1 m2 = (mPQR - mPR)
m1 = (mBC - mAC) X 2
2
W
3
Z Y
1
m3 = (mXY - mWZ)
2
Example 3
P
 Find the value of x. 106
Q
1
x = (mPS + mRQ)
2 x
1 S
x = (106 +174 )
2 174 R
1
x= (280)
2

x = 140
Try This!
 Find the value of x. T
40

1 S
x = (mST + mRU) x
2
U
1
x = (40 +120 )
2
R 120
1
x= (160)
2

x = 80
Example 4
 Find the value of x.

1
72 = (200 - x ) 200
2

144 = 200 - x
x 72

x = 56
Example 5
 Find the value of x.
A
mABC = 360 - 92 B

mABC = 268 92 x

1
x= (268 - 92) C
2
1
x = (176)
2

x = 88
Chord Product Theorem
• If two chords intersect in the interior of a
circle, then the product of the lengths of the
segments of one chord is equal to the product
of the lengths of the segments of C the other
chord. B

EA EB = EC ED E

D
A
 Example 1
• Find the value of x.
B
3
3(6) = 9x C
x
E
9
18 = 9x A 6

x=2
D
 Try This!
• Find the value of x.
B C
x 9
9(12) = 18x E
12
108 = 18x A 18

x=6
D
 Secant-Secant
Theorem
• If two secant segments share the same endpoint
outside a circle, then the product of the length of
one secant segment and the length of its external
segment equals the product of the length of the
other secant segment and the length of its
external segment. B

EA EB = EC ED A
D
E C
 Secant-Tangent
Theorem
• If a secant segment and a tangent segment share
an endpoint outside a circle, then the product of
the length of the secant segment and the length of
its external segment equals the square of the
length of the tangent segment.
A

(EA)2 = EC ED E
C
D
 Example 2
• Find the value of x.

N
11
LM LN = LO LP
M
9(20) = 10(10+x) 9

180 = 100 + 10x L

10
80 = 10x
O x
x=8
P
 Try This!
• Find the value of x. D
11
E
10
DE DF = DG DH 12
F
11(21) = 12(12 + x)
G
x
231 = 144 + 12x

87 = 12x H
x = 7.25
 Example 3
• Find the value of x.
C 24
B
CB2 = CD(CA) 12

242 = 12(12 + x) D

576 = 144 + 12x x

432 = 12x
A
x = 36
 Try This!
• Find the value of x.

WX2 = XY(XZ) W

102 = 5(5 + 3x) 10

100 = 25 + 15x
X 5 Y 3x Z
75 = 15x

x=5