TEGBAreID
POLYTECHNIC College
preparing health care Statistics and delivering service/disease report group
assignment
GROUP _4_MEMBER
1. Belay Teshome Yeshitila
2. Frehiwot Zebene Legesse
3. Eyerusalem Mezgebu Kerga
4. Titem Mezgebu Kerga
5. Sara Dida Tekle
Types of Data analysis
I. Descriptive Analysis
a. Frequency Distribution
b. Measure of Central Tendency
c. Measure of Variability
d. Bivariate descriptive statistics
II. Inferential Analysis
Measure of Variability
The two Commonly Used Measures of Variability
Range
Is the distance between the highest score and the
lowest score in a distribution.
Standard Deviation
The most commonly used measure of variability
that indicates the average to which the scores
deviate from the mean.
Bivariate Descriptive Statistics
Is derived from the simultaneous analysis of two
variables to examine the relationships between the
variables
Two Commonly Used Bivariate Descriptive Analysis
Contingency tables
Isessentially a two-dimensional frequency
distribution in which the frequencies of two
variables are cross-tabulated.
Correlation
the most common method of describing the
relationship between two measures.
Inferential type of data Analysis
The use of statistical tests, either to test for significant
relationships among variables or to find statistical
support for the hypotheses is inferential analysis.
Inferential Statistics:
Are numerical values that enable the researcher to
draw conclusion about a population based on the
characteristics of a population sample.
This is based on the laws of probability.
Uses of Inferential Analysis
t-test:
used to examine the difference between the means of
two independent groups.
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
used to test the significance of differences between
means of two or more groups.
Chi-square
used to test hypotheses about the proportion of elements
that fall into various cells of a contingency table.
Hypothesis - Testing
Procedures:
Steps in testing hypothesis
• Determine the test statistics to be used
• Establish the level of significance
• Select a one-tailed or two-tailed test
• Compute a test statistic
• Calculate the degrees of freedom
• Obtain a tabled value for statistical test
• Compare the test statistics to the tabled value
Presentation of Findings
[Link] or textual form:
This is composed of summary of findings, direct
quotations and implications of the study.
2. Tables:
Tables are used to present a clear and organized
data.
This is utilized for easy analysis and interpretation
of data
The parts of tabular data are:
Parts of Table Columns COLUMN, ROW
and CELL
Rows - horizontal entries (indicates the
outcome or the dependent variable)
Columns - vertical entries (indicates the
cause or the independent variable)
Cells - are boxes where rows and columns
intersect.
Cont….
Interpretation of Data
The three areas:
Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations
Selecting and applying Data
analysis method & tool
Descriptive statistics
Displaying and summarizing data
Data exist as either numerical or categorical include counts,
such as the variables.
Numerical variables: number of children of a specific
age, and measurements
e.g height , weight.
Categorical variables: are the result of classifying.
e.g blood group; A, B, O, or AB
Tables, graphs, charts and maps
Pie charts and component band charts
A pie chart represents information with a
circle and component band chart represents it
with bare.
Cont.…
Bar charts
Bar charts are beast suited for displaying
number or percentages that compare two or
more categories of data such as the
proportions of male to female smokers.
Cont….
Spot maps and rate maps: Spot
maps and rate maps display
geographical locations of cases or rates.
Cont.…
Line graphs
Line graphs are suited for displaying
the amount of change or difference
in continues variable.
Cont.…
Frequency distributions and histograms
A frequency distribution is the organization of a
data set into contiguous mutually exclusive
intervals so that the number or proportion of
observations falling in each interval is apparent.
Tha
nk
you