Computer Graphics
Unit-1
Introduction
The word graphics is made up of two words: graphs and pics. Here,
graphs is a mathematical figures like circle, lines, ellipse, etc and
pics represent the images.
So, computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures, lines, chart,
etc using computer with the help of program and software.
Computer graphics refers to the creation, storage and
manipulation of pictures and drawings using digital computer.
Computer graphics is a field of computer science that is concerned
with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual contents.
Also, we can say that it is the science and technology of creating,
storing, displaying and manipulating images and objects.
Computer graphics is a branch of computer science that deals
representation, manipulation and storage of images with the help
of computer.
Introduction
We can also define computer graphics as:
Computer Graphics=Data structures+Graphics algorithm+Languages
Data structure means those data structures suitable for computer
graphics
Graphic algorithms for picture generation and transformation
Languages i.e. high level languages for generation of graphics object
or pictures.
Computer graphics involves pictures or graphics objects which are
the collection of discrete picture element called pixel or pel.
In CG, objects are presented as a collection of discrete picture
element (pixel).
Computer Graphics (CG) is the field of computer science that deals
with generating, manipulating, and displaying visual content using
computers. It involves creating images, animations, and interactive
visuals, which are used in various applications like video games,
movies, simulations, virtual reality, and data visualization.
Application of Computer Graphics
1. Computer-Aided Design (CAD): In CAD, interactive graphics is used
to design components and system of mechanical, electrical,
electromechanical and electronic devices including structures like
buildings, automobile bodies, airplane, VLSI chips, telephone and
computer networks. CAD uses wireframe outline form. Real time
animation using wireframe display on video monitor are useful for
testing performance of vehicles or system. Some of CAD softwares
are: QCAD, NX, CATIA v5, etc
Application of Computer Graphics
2. Simulation and animation for scientific visualization and
entertainment: Computer produced animated movies and displays
of the time varying behavior of real and simulated objects are
becoming increasingly popular for scientific and engineering
visualization. We can use CG to study abstract mathematical
entities as well as mathematical models of such phenomena like
chemical reactions, physiological system, organ function and
deformation of mechanical structures under various kinds of loads.
Another advanced technology area is interactive cartooning.
Cartoon characters will increasingly be modeled in the computer as
3D shape descriptions whose movements are controlled by
computer commands rather than by figures being drawn manually
by cartoonists. It is also used in TV commercials featurings flying
logos and more exotic visual with elegant special effects in movies.
Application of Computer Graphics
3. User Interface: Most applications that run on personal computers
and workstations have user interfaces that rely on desktop window
systems to manage multiple simultaneous activities and on point
and click facilities to allow users to select menu, icons and objects
on the screen. With the advancement of CG, typing is necessary
only to input text to be stored and manipulated.
4. Cartography: Computer graphics is used to produce both accurate
and schematic representations of geographical and other natural
phenomena from measurement data. For example, geographic
maps, relief maps, exploration maps for drilling and minning,
oceanographic charts, weather maps, population density maps,etc.
Application of Computer Graphics
5. Process control: Flight simulators or arcade games let users interact
with a simulation of real or artificial world many other applications
enable people to interact with some aspect of real world itself.
Status displays in refineries, power plants and computer networks
show data values from sensors attached to critical system
components so that operators can respond to problematic
conditions. For example, military commanders view field data,
numbers and position of vechicles, weapons lunched, troop
movements, casaulties on command and control displays to revise
their tactics as needed.
Others:
6. Art and commerce
7. Medical
8. Education and training
9. Desktop publication and many more.