1
Road Alignment
Engr. Kamran Hussain
Road Alignment 2
Task
A VIP access road needs to be designed to connect NICE Chowk to SCEE Parking passing through
NICE Ground.
Road Alignment 3
Step 1 – Reconnaissance
Step 2 – Setting Out of Total Station
Step 3 – Setting Out of Centre Line
Step 4 – Plan View
Step 5 – Longitudinal Section
Step 6 – Cross-Sections
Step 7 – Gradient Lines
Step 8 – Earthwork Calculation
Road Alignment 4
Step-1 – Reconnaissance
Already carried out
300 ft
40 ft
Road Alignment 5
Step-2 – Setting Out of Total Station
Employ Resection
40 ft
240 ft
40 ft
Road Alignment 6
Step-3 – Setting Out of Centre Line
The road is 300 ft long. Place traffic cones at 20 ft intervals along the center line.
Centre Line
Shoulders
Syndicate 1 + 2
Syndicate 3 + 4
Road Alignment 7
Step-4 – Plan View
Sight the points along the center line with the total station. Plot the Eastings and Northings on
a graph sheet Centre Line
20
EXAM Shoulders ft
20
HALL Syndicate 1 ft
Syndicate 2
Syndicate 3
G-4
Northings
Syndicate 4
SCE NIC
E E Eastings
Road Alignment 8
Step-5 – Longitudinal Section
Plot the chainage and elevation of the center line on a graph sheet
Centre Line
EXAM Shoulders
HALL Syndicate 1
Syndicate 2
Syndicate 3
G-4
Elevation
Syndicate 4
SCE NIC
E E Distance
Road Alignment 9
Step-6 – Cross-Sections
Plot the chainage and elevation of the cross sections on a graph sheet
Centre Line
EXAM Shoulders
HALL Syndicate 1
Syndicate 2
Syndicate 3
G-4
Elevation
SCE NIC
E E Distance
Submissions 10
RUBRICS WILL BE
MARKED TODAY
11
WEEK 2 of 2
Engr. M. Hamza Khalid
Road Alignment 12
Let’s build a concept
What is slope?
Perpendicular
Slope =
or
Base
Slope in percentage = x 100
or
Slope in ratio = Perpendicular : Base
Road Alignment 13
Step-7 – Gradient Line
Draw a gradient line on the profile. The slope must not exceed 7%.
Centre Line
EXAM Shoulders
HALL Syndicate 1
Syndicate 2
Syndicate 3
G-4
Elevation
Syndicate 4
Grade Line
SCE NIC
E E Distance
Submissions 14
1. Plan View
Plotted on a graph sheet with scale 1 inch = 20 feet
2. Longitudinal Section
Plotted on a graph sheet with the following scale:
Vertical (Elevation) 1 inch = 5 feet
Horizontal (Distance) 1 inch = 20 feet
Mark the grade line on it.
Road Alignment 15
Recall the longitudinal view and cross-sections of the existing profile.
Road Alignment 16
Now, recall that we made a gradient line on the longitudinal section.
Plot elevation of that gradient line on the cross-section.
Road Alignment 17
The cross-section is 30ft wide. Make the side slopes at 45 degrees.
Road Alignment 18
In this cross-section, the entire area is to be filled with earth.
You can determine the area of fill-section by counting the grid boxes on the graph sheet.
Road Alignment 19
Similarly, there can be an excavation case as well.
Centre Line
Shoulders
Syndicate 1
Syndicate 2
Syndicate 3
Elevation
Distance
Road Alignment 20
Additionally, there can be a case of both cut and fill.
Centre Line
Shoulders
Syndicate 1
Syndicate 2
Syndicate 3
Elevation
Distance
Road Alignment 21
Cut and Fill Volume Calculations
Assumption: The surface between two consecutive cross-sections is linear
Volume of cut = x Distance between the consecutive cross sections
Volume of fill = x Distance between the consecutive cross sections
Finally, Sum up all cut and fill volumes separately.
Submissions 22
1. Cross-Sections
Plotted on a graph sheet with the following scale:
Vertical (Elevation) 1 inch = 5 feet
Horizontal (Distance) 1 inch = 5 feet
The road is 20 ft wide.
2. Volume Calculations
Submit the following in the next week:
1. Plan View
2. Longitudinal View with Gradient Line marked on it
3. Cross-sections with cut and fill areas marked on them
4. Calculations for Cut and Fill Volumes
5. Report (summarizing cut and fill volumes)
Submissions 23
Technical Evaluation:
Excavation charges including disposal : Rs. 3000 per 1000 cubic feet
Fill Charges including transport and compaction : Rs. 3400 per 1000 cubic feet
Determine the cost of your proposed road project only considering the excess
amount of cut or fill.