LESSON 6

PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Particle(s) Từ/cụm từ gần nghĩa (synonyms) Nghĩa
return a telephone call Gọi lại ( điện
call back
thoại)

call off cancel Hủy bỏ

ask to speak in class Gọi phát biểu ý

call on
kiến

call up make a telephone call Gọi điện thoại

do over do again Làm lại

figure out find the solution to a problem Tìm giải pháp

Verb Particle(s) Từ/cụm từ gần nghĩa (synonyms) Nghĩa

Fill in complete a sentence by writing in a blank Điền vào

Fill up fill completely with gas, water, coffee, etc. Đổ đầy, làm đầy

Find out discover information Tìm ra, phát hiện ra

get in enter a car, a taxi Lên xe, taxi...

leave a bus, an airplane, a train, a subway, a bicycle Xuống xe buýt, máy

Get off bay ...

get on enter a bus, an airplane, a train, a subway, a bicycle Lên xe

Get over recover from an illness Bình phục, khỏi ốm

Verb Particle(s) Từ/cụm từ gần nghĩa (synonyms) Nghĩa

give back return something to someone Trả lại

give up quit doing something or quit trying Từ bỏ, bỏ

go off explode Phát nổ

hand in give homework, tests, papers, etc., to a teacher Nộp bài kiểm tra, bài thi...

hand out give something to this person, then that person, then another person,. Phân phát

1. hang on a hanger or a hook; Treo

hang up
2. end a telephone call Kết thúc cuộc gọi đt
Verb Particle(s) Từ/cụm từ gần nghĩa (synonyms) Nghĩa

keep on continue Tiếp tục

leave out omit Bỏ sót, bỏ qua

look up look for information in a reference book Tra cứu (từ,kiến thức...)

make up invent Phát minh ...

pay back return money to someone Trả lai tiền cho ai

pick up Lift Đón

Verb Particle(s) Từ/cụm từ gần nghĩa (synonyms) Nghĩa

put off Postpone Hoãn lại

put on put clothes on one's body Mặc quần áo

put out extinguish (stop) a fire, a cigarette, a cigar Dập tắt (Lửa, thuốc lá)

run into meet by chance Tình cờ gặp

shut off stop a machine or light, turn off Đóng ,tắt

start over start again Khởi động lại

put off Postpone Hoãn lại

Verb Particle(s) Từ/cụm từ gần nghĩa (synonyms) Nghĩa

take off remove clothes from one's body Tháo, cởi quần áo...

tear up tear into small pieces Xé ra từng mảnh nhỏ

throw away/out put in the trash Vứt bỏ

try on put on clothing to see if it fits Thử ( quần áo )

turn down decrease the volume Vặn nhỏ âm thanh

turn off stop a machine or a light, shut off Tắt ( đèn, máy móc ...)

turn on begin a machine or a light Bật đèn, máy móc...

turn up increase the volume Vặn to âm thanh

 * Accuse sb of st/Ving: buộc tội
* Blame smt on sb: đổ lỗi cái gì cho ai
* Enter on/upon smt: to do or become involved in
something
* enter into sth: to start to become involved in
something, especially a discussion or agreement:
- Fall for sb: mê tít ai - Watch after sb: nhìn theo, theo dõi
- Fall on sb: đổ dồn lên ai (The suspicion - Watch for smt: chờ, rình cái gì (the
fell on him) opportunity to come); quan sát/để ý (the
- Fall out: rời ra, rơi ra (your hair starts to symptoms of measles
D out: đề phòng, chú ý
- Watch
fall out; her baby teeth are starting to
fall out. - Watch over: trông nom, canh gác
- Fall in with sb: tình cờ gặp ai, đồng ý với - Put on: mặc vào/đội vào>< put off (cởi
B quần áo ra)
ai
- Run out (of smt): hết cái gì; - Put aside: để dành, bỏ đi/gạt sang một
- Run out: hết hạn (My passport will run bên
out in 2 months) - PutDoff: hoãn lại, để chậm lại (Never put
- Run after sb/st: đuổi theo ai, chạy theo off till tomorrow what you can do today)
sau ai, theo đuổiBcái gì - Put in for sth: đòi, yêu sách, xin (a job, an
- Run at sb: nhảy vào, lao vào, xông vào election)
đánh ai
A
- Look at sb/smt: nhìn ai/cái
C gì
- Go out: đi ra nước ngoài; tắt (đèn/lửa, …)
- Go away: đi nơi khác, đi khỏi (nơi nào)
- Go off: đi mất, bỏ đi, chuồn đi = cut away; nổ (súng); ươn, ôi, thối
(the milk has gone off: sữa đã chua ra)
- Cut off: chặt
B phăng ra, cắt đứt (all negotiations; the water supply, all
communications – mọi phương tiện liên lạc)
IDIOMS- UNIT 6.1. Resting
and relaxing
 1. TAKE A NAP = TAKE A SNOOZE: to sleep (usually for a short time)
 I lay down on the couch and took a quick snooze in the afternoon.
 2. TAKE A BREAK = TAKE A BREATHER: to rest by stopping work or play
 We’ve been working hard on this spreadsheet for over three hours. It’s time to take a break.
 3. TAKE IT EASY: to relax, not to work hard
 There’s no reason to work so hard. Take it easy!
 4. HAVE TIME ON ONE’S HANDS, HAVE TIME TO KILL, HAVE FREE TIME: to have little or no
work to do, to have extra time
 Amy’s job is so easy that she has lots of time on her hands to read.
 5. PASS THE TIME =WHILE AWAY: to spend time (usually relaxing)
 Our flight was delayed on departure, so we passed the time playing cards.
 On the small island of Tahiti, we had nothing to do but while away the hours.
 6. DAYDREAM: to think about something not related to what is happening at that moment
 Sandra sat at her desk and daydreamed about being with her boyfriend.
 7. LOOSEN UP: to become more relaxed, to become informal = LET ONE’S HAIR DOWN
 This vacation is just the right way for me to loosen up and enjoy myself.
 Alana is serious at the office, but at parties she likes to let her hair down.
UNIT 6.2: MISTAKES AND
CONFUSION
 1. GOOF UP =SLIP UP: to make a mistake
 The assistant goofed up badly when he forgot to order more office supplies.
 2. MESS UP: to do something poorly
 Antonio messed up on the test because he hadn’t studied enough.
 [Link] OVER: to do again in order to correct a mistake
 Ms. Lee was unhappy with the paint job on her car, so she told the shop to do the work over.
 4. PUT ONE’S FOOT IN ONE’S MOUTH: to say something that one shouldn’t have said.
 Soros put his foot in his mouth when he made a comment about his boss’s weight problem at
the office party.
 5. SLIP OF THE TONGUE: an accidental comment, an unintended remark
 William made a slip of the tongue when he mentioned the surprise farewell party to the person
who was retiring.
 6. BE ON THE WRONG TRACK: to pursue the wrong solution to a problem >< BE ON THE RIGHT
TRACK, related idiom: BARK UP THE WRONG TREE (to be mistaken in thought or action)
 The plumber thought he know the cause of the flooding, but he was on the wrong track.
 You’re barking up the wrong tree if you think I’m responsible for that mistake.
 7. NOT THINK STRAIGHT: to be unable to think clearly
 I can’t think straight when there’s so much noise in the room. Could you please be quite?
 8. MIX UP: to confuse, to bewilder
 Your explanation doesn’t clarify the situation for me. In fact, it’s just mixing me up further!
 9. GET OUR/ YOUR/ THEIR WIRES CROSSED: to miscommunicate with someone
 = GET OUR/ YOUR/ THEIR SIGNALS CROSSED
 Van thought that we were supposed to meet on Wednesday, but I thought it was Thursday. I
guess we got our wires crossed.
 Jerry blames Miyoko for the fact that they got their signals crossed about the time of the
luncheon.
 SPEAKING: Greetings
Chào hỏi Đáp lại Chào tạm biệt
● Good morning/ afternoon/ ● It's nice to meet you, too. ● It was nice meeting you.
evening (Morning!/ Afternoon!/ ● Nice to meet you. ● Stay in touch.
Evening) + Names ● It's my pleasure to meet you. ● See you.
● Hi/Hello. ● I'm doing well/alright. ● Catch up with you later.
● How are you doing?/ How is it ● I'm great. ● I’ve got to go now.
going?/ How do you do? ● I'm fine. ● I'll be leaving … in …
● What’s up? ● Great/ Good.
● Hey, + Names! ● Not much.
● Hey, what’s going on? ● Nothing much.
● What's new? ● Not too bad
● What have you been doing? ● Nothing.
● What's on your mind?
● Nice/Glad to meet you.
● Long time to see.
 Asking about jobs
Hỏi về công việc Trả lời Người hỏi xin viêc Trả lời
● What do you do? (Công việc ● I work for [company]/ ● I’m here to look for job ● What type/kind of job do you
của bạn là gì?) I am a partner in opportunities. Do you know need/prefer/like?
● Where do you work? (Bạn [company]/ I work in anyone hiring? ● Do you know what you want
làm ở đâu?) [company] ● Do you have any to do? Can you work full-time
● What line of work are you in? ● I work as [job]/ I am suggestions/ or part-time?
(Loại công việc bạn đang làm a/an … recommendations on ● What are you best at?/ What
là gì?) companies I should look are you not good at?
● Who do you work for? (Bạn into? ● Can you list/share your
đang làm việc cho ai?) strengths/weaknesses?
● What sort of ● What would you consider
work/responsibilities do you your strengths/weaknesses?
do? (Những trách nhiệm của ● What do you want to improve
bạn trong công việc là gì?) in the next few years?
● What exactly are you doing at
the company? (chính xác là
bạn làm gì ở công ty?)
Asking about hobbies/habits
Hỏi về thói quen Trả lời
● What are your hobbies? ● Whenever I get the chance, I … (+ clause)
● Do you have any hobbies? What do you usually ● I have a habit of …
do in your free time? ● I usually (verb)…… at [time]/in the morning …
● What would you do if you had extra time? ● I enjoy/like/dislike + V-ing
● What is your favorite place/book/music/show? ● I am into/ keen on/ interested in/ fond of + V-
● How is your daily routine? ing …
● What do you normally do before/after work? ● I can't stand + V-ing….
● What time do you usually …? ● I tend to spend more time on …
● How much time do you spend on …? ● You'll always find me (V-ing)
● … is a big part of my life
● I can't seem to stop (V-ing)