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Matrix
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Table Contents
✔Definition
✔Introduction
✔Matrix Operations
✔Application of Matrix
✔Types of Matrix
✔Conclusion
2
Definition
Matrix, a set of numbers arranged in rows and
columns so as to form a rectangular array.
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Introduction
• The numbers are called the elements, or
entries, of the matrix. Matrices have wide
applications in engineering, physics,
economics, and statistics as well as in various
branches of mathematics.
• Matrices also have important applications in
computer graphics, where they have been
used to represent rotations and other
transformations of images. 4
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Matrix Operations
Matrix Addition
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Matrix Operations
Matrix Subtraction
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7
Matrix Operations
Matrix Multiplication
• There is a rule for matrix multiplication, the
number of columns in the first matrix should be
equal to the number of rows in the second.
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Applications of Matrix
Application of Matrices in Cryptography
• Cryptography is the process of encrypting
data so that only the appropriate individual
has access to it and can draw conclusions.
The process of encryption is carried out
with the help of an invertible key.
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Applications of Matrix
Application of Matrices in Wireless
Communication
• Wireless signals are modelled and optimized
using matrices. Matrixes are used to detect,
extract, and process the information
encoded in signals.
• The estimation of signals and detecting
problems on wireless communication
heavily relies on matrices.
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Applications of Matrix
Application of Matrices in Computer Graphics
• A square matrix is a simple way to represent
linear object transformations. In the realm
of graphics, matrices are used to project
three-dimensional images into two-
dimensional planes.
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Applications of Matrix
• The application of matrix plays a major role in
Mathematics, as well as in other fields. It helps
in solving linear equations.
• Matrices are extremely valuable objects that
can be found in a wide range of applications.
The application of matrices in mathematics is
used in a wide range of scientific fields as well
as mathematical areas.
• Engineering mathematics is used in almost
every aspect of our lives.
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Types of Matrix
Square Matrix
• A square matrix is a matrix where the
number of rows (n) equals the number of
columns (m).
• n=m
• The square matrix is contrasted with the
rectangular matrix where the number of
rows and columns are not equal.
●●●
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Types of Matrix
Triangular Matrix
• A triangular matrix is a type of square matrix
that has all values in the upper-right or lower-left
of the matrix with the remaining elements filled
with zero values.
• A triangular matrix with values only above the
main diagonal is called an upper triangular
matrix. Whereas, a triangular matrix with values
only below the main diagonal is called a lower
triangular matrix.
●●●
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Types of Matrix
Diagonal Matrix
• A diagonal matrix is one where values
outside of the main diagonal have a zero
value, where the main diagonal is taken from
the top left of the matrix to the bottom right.
• A diagonal matrix is often denoted with the
variable D and may be represented as a full
matrix or as a vector of values on the main
diagonal.
●●●
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Types of Matrix
Identity Matrix
• An identity matrix is a square matrix that
does not change a vector when multiplied.
• The values of an identity matrix are
known. All of the scalar values along the
main diagonal (top-left to bottom-right)
have the value one, while all other values
are zero.
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Conclusion
✔ A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of
numbers into rows and columns.
✔ Each number in a matrix is referred to as a
matrix element or entry. For example,
matrix A has 2 rows and 3 columns.
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