CELL STRUCTURES
AND FUCNTIONS
CHAPTER 3 FIRST YEAR BIOLOGY
[Link] is the purpose of cell fractionation?
• A) To isolate cell organelles
• B) To stain cells
• C) To culture cells
• D) To destroy cells
• 2. Which method helps visualize transparent
structures in cells?
• A) Cell fractionation
• B) Differential staining
• C) Microdissection
• D) Electrophoresis
• 3. Which technique is used to isolate specific cells
under a microscope?
• A) Chromatography
• B) Microdissection
• C) Tissue culture
• D) Spectrophotometry
• 4. What is the purpose of chromatography?
• A) To separate components of a mixture
• B) To visualize cell structures
• C) To grow cells in culture
• D) To measure light absorption
[Link] technique separates charged molecules based
on size and charge?
• A) Electrophoresis
• B) Microscopy
• C) Chromatography
• D) Tissue culture
[Link] does spectrophotometry measure?
• A) Light absorption by a substance
• B) Cell division rates
• C) Protein synthesis
• D) Temperature of cells
• [Link] microscopy type is used to see colorless
specimens?
• A) Phase contrast microscopy
• B) Fluorescence microscopy
• C) Electron microscopy
• D) Bright-field microscopy
• 8. What is the main function of micrometry?
• A) Measuring small objects under a microscope
• B) Isolating cells
• C) Staining cells
• D) Amplifying light
• 9. What is the primary composition of a plant cell wall?
• A) Chitin
• B) Peptidoglycan
• C) Cellulose
• D) Protein
• 10. Which structure in the plant cell wall provides
cementing between cells?
• A) Primary wall
• B) Secondary wall
• C) Middle lamella
• D) Lignin
• 11What is the plasma membrane made of?
• A) Phospholipid bilayer and proteins
• B) Proteins and carbohydrates
• C) Cellulose and proteins
• D) Lipids and carbohydrates
[Link] is the fluid mosaic model of the plasma
membrane?
• A) It describes the membrane as rigid
• B) It describes the membrane as flexible with embedded
proteins
• C) It describes the membrane as completely solid
• D) It refers to the lipid composition of the membrane
• 13. What is the function of glycolipids and
glycoproteins on the cell surface?
• A) Protein synthesis
• B) Energy production
• C) Cell recognition and interaction
• D) Waste removal
• [Link] type of transport requires energy to move
substances across the membrane?
• A) Passive transport
• B) Active transport
• C) Diffusion
• D) Osmosis
[Link] is endocytosis?
• A) Release of materials from the cell
• B) Uptake of materials into the cell
• C) Movement of substances without energy
• D) Breakdown of waste products
• 16. Which part of the cell is made up of about 90%
water and is involved in chemical reactions?
• A) Nucleus
• B) Cytoplasm
• C) Mitochondria
• D) Ribosomes
• 17 Where are ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells?
• A) Mitochondria
• B) Free in cytoplasm or attached to RER
• C) Golgi apparatus
• D) Vacuoles
[Link] organelle is responsible for protein synthesis
in cells?
• A) Golgi complex
• B) Ribosomes
• C) Mitochondria
• D) Nucleus
• 19. What is the main function of the Golgi complex?
• A) Detoxification
• B) Modifying and packaging proteins
• C) Synthesizing proteins
• D) Storing genetic material
• 20. Which organelle breaks down waste materials and
cellular debris?
• A) Lysosomes
• B) Peroxisomes
• C) Chloroplasts
• D) Ribosomes
• 21. Which organelles are involved in the detoxification
of harmful substances?
• A) Lysosomes
• B) Peroxisomes
• C) Golgi complex
• D) Mitochondria
• 22. What are glyoxysomes responsible for in plants?
• A) Converting stored fats into carbohydrates
• B) Photosynthesis
• C) Detoxification
• D) Protein synthesis
• 23 What is the function of chloroplasts?
• A) Lipid synthesis
• B) Photosynthesis
• C) Protein synthesis
• D) DNA replication
• 24Which plastid is responsible for storing starch and
lipids in plants?
• A) Chloroplast
• B) Chromoplast
• C) Leucoplast
• D) Glyoxysome
•.
• 25 Which structure forms the cytoskeleton in cells?
• A) Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
• B) Mitochondria and ribosomes
• C) Nucleus and nucleolus
• D) Endoplasmic reticulum
• 26 What is the function of intermediate
filaments in the cytoskeleton?
• A) Support and shape of the cell
• B) Muscle contraction
• C) Transport of organelles
• D) Cell division
• 27 What is the role of microtubules in cells?
• A) Maintain cell shape
• B) Move chromosomes during cell division
• C) Assist in muscle contraction
• D) Store nutrients
• 28 What are cilia and flagella responsible for?
• A) Protein synthesis
• B) Cell movement
• C) Photosynthesis
• D) Lipid metabolism
• 29 Which of the following is true about flagella?
• A) They are short and numerous
• B) They move in a wave-like motion
• C) They are longer and fewer than cilia
• D) They are made of actin fibers
• 30What is the role of centrioles in animal cells?A)
Protein synthesis
• B) Organizing spindle fibers during cell division
• C) Detoxification of harmful substances
• D) Photosynthesis
THANK YOU
Answer Key (1-8)
1.A – To isolate cell organelles
2.B – Differential staining
3.B – Microdissection
4.A – To separate components of a mixture
5.A – Electrophoresis
6.A – Light absorption by a substance
7.A – Phase contrast microscopy
8.A – Measuring small objects under a microscope
9.C – Cellulose
10.C – Middle lamella
11.A – Phospholipid bilayer and proteins
12.B – It describes the membrane as flexible with embedded proteins
13.C – Cell recognition and interaction
14.B – Active transport
15.B – Uptake of materials into the cell
16.B – Cytoplasm
17.B – Free in cytoplasm or attached to RER
18.B – Ribosomes
19.B – Modifying and packaging proteins
20.A – Lysosomes
21.B – Peroxisomes
22.A – Converting stored fats into carbohydrates
23.B – Photosynthesis
24.C – Leucoplast
•A – Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
•A – Support and shape of the cell
•B – Move chromosomes during cell division
•B – Cell movement
•C – They are longer and fewer than cilia
•B – Organizing spindle fibers during cell division