Voice over Internet Protocol
Chapter 1
Voice over IP overview
What is VoIP
• VoIP is an application that uses a
combination of hardware and software to
provide telephony services across an IP-
based network.
Requirements
• Hardware and software
• Telephony services
• IP-based network
Hardware and software
• Network Hardware
– NIC
– Routers
– Switches
– Gateways
– IP PBX
• PC Hardware
– Sound card
– Microphone
– Headphone
• IP Phone
Telephony Services
• Conference Calling
• Call forwarding
• Call display
IP-based Network
• TCP/IP reliability
• Designed for data
• Usage for voice calls
• Cost effective
Residential/Small business VoIP
• Computer to Computer
– Software and hardware on both sides
– Vocal Tec Internet Phone
– Microsoft NetMeeting
– Skype
• Limitations
Computer to computer/ITSP
• Internet Telephony Service Provider
– Computer not required on recipient side
– Local call on both sides
– Service charges
Residential VoIP
Residential VoIP make a regular telephone
service available over a broadband
Internet connection e.g. DSL, Cable, Fiber
to home.
• Virtual telephone numbers
• Telephone portability
Residential VoIP
Corporate VoIP
• Analog at ends, digital IP in the middle
• Digital IP at the ends, analog in the middle
• Digital IP end to end
VoIP on managed IP backbones
• Toll bypass
• Leased lines
• Digitization of Voice
• PBX/Gateway
Traditional long distance-PSTN toll bypass
VoIP on a Managed IP Backbone
VoIP end-to-end
CONVERGING NETWORKS
• Data over voice networks
• Voice over data networks
– ISDN
– The Internet
BENEFITS OF VoIP
• Reduced long distance costs
• More calls with less bandwidth
• More and better enhanced services
• Administration and maintenance savings
Reduced long distance costs
• Leased Lines
• Toll bypass
• Better Management and services
More calls with less bandwidth
– PCM requires 64 kbps
– Current technologies require 8 kbps
• Data compression
• Silence suppression
More and better enhanced services
• Three way calling
• Anonymous call blocking
• Area code selection
• Call blocking
• Call forwarding
• Caller ID
• Caller ID blocking
• Call transfer
• Call waiting
• Change phone number
• Do not disturb
• Distinctive ring
• Enhanced voicemail
• Extra virtual number
Cont’d
• Fax
• eFax
• International blocking
• Last number redial
• Local number portability
• Line unavailable forward
• Multi-ring
• Pc to phone operation
• Personalized contact list
• Repeat dial if busy
• Telemarketer blocking
• Travel globally
• Unlimited to US/Canada
• Voice mail
Administration and maintenance
savings
• One cable system to maintain
• Administration can be centralized
• Moves, adds, and changes are easier
ISSUES WITH VoIP
• One cable system
• It is not telephony
• Upgrade the system
• Power can not be interrupted
• 911 emergency service
DRIVING VoIP
• Users
• Service providers
• Manufacturers